• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Clinics Conference
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.584-584
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• 2007

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.385-390
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to compare the long term prognosis of Ahmed valve implantation and medical therapy in dogs with early primary glaucoma. The medical records of dogs with early primary glaucoma from the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Seoul National University between January 2005 and May 2008 were reviewed. Five dogs underwent Ahmed valve implantation and medical therapy was performed in six dogs. Breeds of the dogs included Shih Tzu(n = 7), American cocker spaniel(n = 2), and miniature poodle(n = 2). Adequate intraocular pressure(IOP) was better maintained in the Ahmed valve implantation group than in the medical treatment group throughout the follow-up period. Mean time for vision loss to develop after treatment in the Ahmed valve implantation group($198.0{\pm}115.4$ days) was significantly longer than that in medical treatment group($43.2{\pm}30.4$ days, p < 0.05). Post-operative complications included occlusion of the tube by fibrin in the anterior chamber (n = 1), fibrous capsule about the episcleral base of the device(n = 1), and dislocation of the valve body(n = 1). It is considered that Ahmed valve implantation is more effective strategy to control IOP and maintain vision than medical treatment in early glaucomatous dogs.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.186-189
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• 2012

A 7-year-old castrated male Cocker spaniel dog was referred to Gyeongsang National University Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital with a severe abdominal distension. A huge, inhomogeneous fat opacity mass was identified on the abdomen radiographic survey. From the abdominal ultrasonographic examination, the mass was found to have irregular marginated hyperechoic capsule with cellular hypoechoic fluids inside. On the computed tomography, an encapsulated inhomogeneous mass was identified with fat attenuation peripheral and soft tissue attenuation inside. The origin of the mass was confirmed as falciform fat by surgical excision. The resected mass appeared to be a firm reddish-brown color with a smooth surface. The histopathological appearance was a well-differentiated liporsarcoma. The patient has no recurrent signs 1 month after surgery.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.259-262
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• 2009

Focal adnexal dysplasia(FAD) is a rare non-neoplastic lesion of adnexal appendages that occurs in dogs and has good prognosis. We report a case in which FAD diagnosis was favored by its histopathological features. A 8-year-old, castrated male American cocker spaniel dog presented with papillomatous masses on the distal phalanx of left forelimb. Histopathologically, the stroma was sharply demarcated from the adjacent dermis and subcutis. The adnexa was surrounded and interspersed with abundant, hyalinized collagen and the numerous sebaceous lobules distributed haphazardly around hair follicles, which is thickened, dilated and tortuous with abundant keratin. Epidermis was acanthotic. Proliferative lesions of the skin region are very common with similar gross features, thus the basic histopathological examination supported by additional diagnostic methods allow to establish the definitive diagnosis in most cases of cutaneous tumor or tumor-like lesions. And it is important that physicians and pathologists are aware of this unusual tumour-like nonneoplastic lesion.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.74-77
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• 2019

A 10-year-old, 8.28 kg, intact female Cocker Spaniel was presented with continuous polyuria and polydipsia. The dog had proestrus bleeding 5 weeks earlier, and hyperglycemia, glucosuria, ketouria, and high level of serum fructosamine in laboratory findings. Based on hyperglycemia, glucosuria, ketouria, and ketosis, the patient was tentatively diagnosed as diabetes mellitus (DM) with ketouria. After diagnosis, 5 to 7 U/body porcine lente insulin was administered during 11 days from initial presentation as the remission of DM for the dog. But, blood glucose was still high level. Because there was no reaction to porcine lente insulin, it was replaced by 4-10 U/body neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) during 3 days. But, NPH also did not regulate blood glucose level. Because insulin therapy failed to regulate blood glucose level, the dog was considering insulin-resistant diabetes. The dog was tentatively diagnosed with progesterone-resistant DM on the basis of the history that had revealed proestrus bleeding 5 weeks earlier. Progesterone level was moderate high (43.7 ng/ml; reference range, 15.0-90.0 ng/ml). Ovariohysterectomy (OHE) was performed to remove the cause of the dog's diabetes. After OHE 11 days, blood glucose was gradually declined by insulin treatment. Consequently, blood glucose was well controlled in reference range without insulin treatment after 2 months. This case is a report on progesterone-induced DM treated with OHE and insulin treatment during the diestrus.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.62 no.3
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• pp.26.1-26.7
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• 2022

This study was aimed to evaluate the prophylactic anti-glaucoma effect of topical 5% betaxolol (BTX) and 2% dorzolamide (DRZ) on the second eye in dogs with unilateral primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG). Medical records of 60 dogs with unilateral PACG who received prophylactic anti-glaucoma eyedrops in the second eye, from 2016 to 2021, were reviewed. The prophylactic effects of BTX were maintained on 28/60 (46.7%) eyes until last visit and BTX failure was observed on median 510 (range, 53-1,927) days in 32/60 (53.3%) eyes. After DRZ instillation in BTX failure eyes, the prophylactic effects were extended at median 610 (range, 157-2,270) days in 21/32 (65.6%) eyes. DRZ failure eyes (17/21, 81.0%) eyes required chemical ablation or surgical intervention due to uncontrolled intraocular pressure. The duration of prophylactic effects was decreased with aging (R² = 0.334, p = 0.006). The predominant breeds were Shih-Tzu (41.9%) and American Cocker Spaniel (30.6%) with no significant differences in survival curves (p = 0.210). The average prophylactic effects of BTX persisted more than 1.5 year and could be selected the first prophylactic eye drop in unilateral PACG. Also, early surgical intervention should be considered in prophylactic medications failure cases.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.608-612
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• 2007

A 4-year-old castrated male Cocker spaniel was referred with chief complaint of pelvic limbs paralysis and trembling. This dog was diagnosed as a case of myelomalacia complicated with intervertebral disc disease(IVDD) by radiography and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI). This patient was treated by injection-AP with apitoxin, herbal medicine and moxibustion. The acupoints such as GV02-1, GV04, GV11, GV12, GV13, GV14, BL11, BL18, BL23, BL25, BL28, GB21, HT07, KI03, LI04, LU07, SI03, SI06, ST36, ST38, ST39, ST40, ST41, GB30, GB31, GB34, Liv03, SP06 and trigger points($T1{\sim}T4\;and\;T9{\sim}L1$) were used for treatment. At the session 1, the dog could not stand and move the limbs. However, gradual improvement of clinical signs was observed after 7, 14 and 21 session of treatment. Although the clinical signs related to pelvic paralysis were not completely abolished with TVM methods, this case showed the marked improvement of clinical signs after 21 sessions of treatment. In conclusion, the present patient was a case with canine myelomalacia complicated with IVDD which showed not so complete but somewhat improvement by TVM method.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.149-152
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• 2020

One-year-old male Cocker Spaniel dog was referred for the third eyelid enlargement and inflammation in the left eye (OS). It gradually swelled for 2 weeks after the cherry eye repair by conjunctival mucosa pocket procedure at a private animal clinic. Routine ophthalmic examinations including neuro-ophthalmic examination, Schirmer tear test, intraocular pressure and corneal fluorescein staining were all normal. No lesions were found on slit lamp biomicroscopy and indirect ophthalmoscopy except for third eyelid swelling in the OS. Ultrasonography revealed cystic structure within the OS nictitating membrane. Fluid from the cyst was aspirated and there were no microorganisms or neoplastic changes. Surgical intervention was performed under general anesthesia. On the day of the surgery, there was a deep corneal ulcer in the OS, which had not existed before. Ventral palpebral surface of the third eyelid was incised horizontally to the shaft of the T-shaped hyaline cartilage. And then, a full thickness of the cystic wall was incised and marsupialized. Additionally, a direct suture was performed on the ulcerated cornea. Topical and systemic antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs were prescribed. One month after the surgery, the third eyelid swelling and the discharge were improved. Marsupialization of the nictitating membrane cyst relieved the swelling of the third eyelid and inflammation. It could be a simple but effective surgical intervention for the cystic complication of conjunctival mucosa pocket procedure in dogs.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.603-606
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• 2011

An 11-year-old castrated male cocker spaniel presented with halitosis, anorexia, and swelling of the left face. Upon physical examination, a firm mass was detected in the left buccal mucosa. Fine needle aspiration cytology revealed a malignant tumor of mesenchymal origin. We performed biopsy, which gave a diagnosis of oral fibrosarcoma. The client refused surgical treatment, and carboplatin chemotherapy (300 $mg/m^2$, IV, q 21 days) was initiated. The mass gradually decreased in size and disappeared about 89 days after the initial chemotherapy. Complete remission was attained, and the tumor did not relapse. This case report shows that a single carboplatin chemotherapy session can achieve macroscopic complete remission of oral fibrosarcoma.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.234-236
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• 2016

A 14 kg, 9-year-old, spayed female, Cocker Spaniel was presented to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Seoul National University with a history of head tilt and circling. Otitis externa and media were diagnosed by computerized tomography, and total ear canal ablation was performed. In preanesthetic evaluation, systemic hypertension and second-degree atrioventricular block were observed, but there was no regurgitation through the heart valves. Systemic hypertension was managed with amlodipine (0.1 mg/kg, PO, BID) for the anesthesia. The dog was premedicated with cefazolin (22 mg/kg, IV) and midazolam (0.2 mg/kg, IV). Anesthesia was induced with alfaxalone (2 mg/kg, IV) and maintained with isoflurane and 100% oxygen following intubation. During surgery, vital signs (heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, end tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure and body temperature) were maintained within normal ranges, but bradycardia was observed and corrected with glycopyrrolate (5 ug/kg IV, twice). During subcuticular suture, electrohemostasis was applied at the incision line, which was close to the trigeminal nerve. In no time at all, heart rate dramatically decreased from 110 to 60 beats per minute. No additional treatment was done because mean blood pressure was maintained above 70 mmHg. The heart rate recovered according to the decrease of end tidal isoflurane concentration and there were no complications associated with the anesthesia and surgery. Sudden bradycardia after electrical stimulation around the trigeminal nerve was considered as trigeminocardiac reflex (TCR). It is recommended to be careful of bradycardia from TCR when electrocautery is used in the craniofacial area during surgery.