• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.103-111
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• 2004

The shrinkproof-finished wool fibers treated with resin coating and chlorination methods were used to find out an optimal shrinkproof finishing method keeping the quality properties of wool fabric to manufacturers. Shrinkage during repeated washing, electrostatic propensity, thermal resistance and pilling propensity of shrinkproof-finished wool knits, and analysis of finishing methods were measured. Upon the results from the surface examination of shrinkproof-finished wool fibers, the patterns of scale layer and degree of scale removal were subject to change according to the finishing processes. The shrink resistance was significantly enhanced on repeated washing of shrinkproof-finished knits, especially, chlorinated wool. Addition of strong physical force and alkali detergent applied in this washing experiment brought about superior effects with the low shrinkage rate although it was very severe washing conditions for wool fabrics. The results from the washing experiment implies that shrinkproof-finished knitted fabrics can be machine washed at individual households with other ordinary laundry. There was some changes and variation found in thermal resistance, electrostatic propensity, and pilling, however, it seems to be minor within standard limits. Therefore, shrinkproof-finished knitted fabrics did not bring serious changes to other physical properties comparing with original wool, which helps consumers handle wool knitted clothes more conveniently.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.06d
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• pp.585-588
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• 2001

Particle contamination on the data storage disks has been a serious problem for magnetic hard disk drive manufacturers. For high storage optical disks, such as DVD-ROM/RAM or NFR (near field recording) system, particle-induced damages can be also detected because only a few micrometer particles can prevent read/write signal from optical lens. The increasing areal density and smaller bit size accelerates particle induced damages on the optical disk. One of the methods to prevent particle contamination on the optical disk surface is to handle the disk enclosed in a cartridge like a modern DVD-RAM disk. However, even for a perfectly sealed disk drive, particles are found inside the drive. The other method is to improve disk surface characteristics. Particle contamination on the surface can be reduced by proper selection of disk coating materials. [n this paper, particle detachment ratios for CD (compact disk), DVD (digital versatile disk), HD (magnetic hard disk), HD with Jut lubricant, and aluminosilicate substrate HD were investigated. Surface roughness and surface energy of the test disks were compared with the particle detachment ratios. Proper substrate and lubricant characteristics to reduce particle contamination on the disk surface were found.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.12-14
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• 2006

YBCO coated conductors have been fabricated by the reel-to-reel processing using TFA-MOD method. In this work, the fluorine-free Y & Cu precursor solution was synthesized to shorten the calcining time by reducing the evolution of HF gas, thus the meter-long YBCO precursor films can be made within few hours by the continuous slot-die coating & calcination step using the F-free Y & Cu precursor solution. The annealing step was followed to make the YBCO films by the reel-to-reel method with the vertical gas flow system onto the moving tape. To increase the growth rate of the YBCO films by enhancing the removal of HF gas, the low total pressure was adopted in the annealing processing. And the water partial pressure and the oxygen partial pressure were varied to optimize the growth conditions of the MOD-YBCO films on the buffered metal tape. FE-SEM and XRD were used to investigate the surface morphologies and the texture of the meter-long YBCO films. The end-to-end critical current $(I_c)$ of 63A/cm-width and the critical current density $(J_c)$of $0.9MA/cm^2$ with the thickness of $0.7{\mu}m$ were obtained in the 0.42m long coated conductor.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.57 no.6
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• pp.774-780
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• 2019

An efficient Pd-coated $La_{0.1}Sr_{0.9}Co_{0.2}Fe_{0.8}O_{3-{\delta}}$ (LSCF-1928) catalyst for total oxidation of methane under landfill gas at low tmeperature has been developed. Synergism was observed between Pd coating and LSCF-1928 substrate. When Pd coating on LSCF-1928, we used electroless plating method and conformed characteristic of catalyst through TPR(Temperature Programmed Reduction) analysis, XRD(X-ray Diffraction) analysis, SEM(Scanning Electron Microscope). The results demonstrated that the Pd coated LSCF-1928 catalysts showed higher performance than non-Pd LSCF-1928. Pd coated LSCF-1928 had low total oxidation temperature of methane (< $475^{\circ}C$) which is lower than total oxidation temperature of methane about non-Pd LSCF-1928 catalysts (= $475^{\circ}C$). Also, $O_2$ conversion rate was higher than non-Pd LSCF-1928 at same temperature.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.173-181
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• 1996

Common volatile organic compounds(VOCs) such as toluene and methanol were removed successfully from N$_{2}$ using a novel silicone-coated hollow fiber membrane module. This novel membrane is a thin film composite(TFC) and was highly efficient in removing VOCs selectively from a N$_{2}$ stream. This membrane had some innate advantages over other silicone-based membrane in that the selective barrier was ultrathin(~1 $\mu$m) and the porosity of the polypropylene substrate was high which leads to a low permeation resistance. The substram was very strongly bonded to the coating layer by plasma polymerization and can withstand a very high pressure. A small hollow fiber module having a length of 25cm and 50 fibers could remove 96~99% of toluene as well as methanol vapors when the feed flow rate was up to 60cc/min. The percent removal of VOCs were even higher when the feed inlet concentration was higher. This process is especially suitable for treating streams having a low flow rate and high VOCs concentration. The permeances of VOCs through this membrane was in the range of $4~30 \times 10^{-9}gmol/sec \cdot cm^{2}\cdot cmHg$ for both toluene and methanol, and nitrogen permeance was between $3~9 \times 10^{-10}gmol/sec \cdot cm^{2} \cdot cmHg$. High separation factor between 10~55 for toluene/N$_{2}$ and 15~125 for methanol/N$_{2}$ were obtained depending on the feed flow rate ranges and feed VOCs concentration levels.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.10 no.2 s.31
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• pp.1-6
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• 2006

In this study we proposed on effect of the photodecomcomposition of coated nanofiber by $Pd/TiO_2$ for the removal of formaldehyde gas as indoor air pollutant. The photocatalytic reactor was setup in the inside of rectangular box (volume 2 l), UV lamp and the coating nanofiber with $Pd/TiO_2$. This study investigated the reaction rate and the adsorption constant of Langmuir-Heinshelwood, conversion of formaldehyde gas on temperature ($40^{\circ}C{\sim}80^{\circ}C$), effect of conversion (%) under different concentration, and effect of conversion (%) with humidity level on added $SO_2$ gas. As results, the rate constant (k) and adsorption constant (ft) were 114.94ppmv/min, $0.0036ppmv^{-1}$, respectively. and the conversion (%) of formaldehyde gas on temperature ($40^{\circ}C{\sim}80^{\circ}C$) was decreased to about 24%, compare with the first conversion (%). In conversion effect of increasing humidity levels, the presence of sulfur dioxide further decreased than without sulfur dioxide. the decreasing reason of conversion with presence sulfur dioxide judged as a cause of interference factor on the decrease of contact chance with photocatalysts.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.250-255
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• 2011

In this study, by using the polymeric membrane separation process, the $CO_{2}/CH_{4}$ separation and $H_{2}S$ removal from biogas were performed in order to $CH_{4}$ purification and enrichment for the fuel cell energy source application. Fibers were spun by dry/wet phase inversion method. The module was manufactured by fabricating fibers after surface coating with silicone elastomer. The scanning electron microscopy(SEM) studies showed that the produced fibers typically had an asymmetric structure; a dense top layer supported by a porous, sponge substructure. The permeance of $CO_{2}$ and $CO_{2}/CH_{4}$ selectivity increased with pressure and temperature. Mixture gas with increasing pressure and temperature, removal efficiency of the $CO_{2}$ and $H_{2}S$ were decreased while concentration of $CH_{4}$ was increased up to 100%. When retentate flow rate was increased with the decreasing of pressure and temperature the $CH_{4}$ recovery ratio in retentate side was increased while the $CH_{4}$ purity in retentate side was decreased.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.690-696
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• 2001

$TiO_2$ coated coal fly ash has been prepared in order to develop the low price $TiO_2$ photocatalyst and spread out its utilizing field. $TiO_2$ particles is coated on the surface of coal fly ash by precipitation method. In this method, $TiCl_4$ aqueous solution was used as a titanium stock solution and $NH_4HCO_3$ was used as a precipitant. The titanium hydroxide precipitated on the surface of coal fly ash in these neutralizing reaction process was oxidized by heat treatment in temperature ranges of $300~700^{\circ}C$. The crystal structure of the generated titanium dioxide showed anatase type. The crystal size of titanium dioxide increased with raising the temperature of heat treatment, but the removal ability of NO gas decreased. When the titanium dioxide was heated at temperature ranges of $300~ 400^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours, the crystal size of titanium dioxide appeared about 9nm, and the removal rate of NO gas showed 85~ 92%. The whiteness of $TiO_2$ coated coal fly ash increased with raising the coating rate of titanium dioxide and the temperature of heat treatment.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.54-63
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• 2010

Recently, as the function of largest supplier of biomass for "low carbon green growth", the necessity for systematic management of afforestation areas is emphasizing. The forestation of seedling, besides the afforestation cost itself, is required some additional follow-up management costs, like mowing and fertilizing of forestation area, and removal of bindweed. The mulching mat for afforestation seedlings is available for rooting of little seedlings as well as initial forestation expenses. Mulching technique is also used to control soil temperature and moisture by covering the surface of ground. In this study, the paper based-mulching film coated with biodegradable polymer and functional additive was specially produced using laboratory bar coater, and analyzed for its degradable behavior. Coating colors were prepared by dissolving PE (polyester) 80 % and PLA(polylactic acid) 20 % in chloroform and finally applied to handsheet prepared by preceding study conditions. Base paper and polymer-coated paper were artificially aged by 2 kinds of degradation methods, which are soil degradation by microorganism and light degradation by 257 nm UV wavelengths. Strength property, oxidation index and morphological property were evaluated by reduction rates of tensile strength, FTIR spectra ratio of carboxyl and carbonyl group and SEM micrograph. As these results, polymer coated-paper was superior to base paper in degradation behaviors, having results with lower reduction rate of strength properties.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.61-72
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• 2009

Fabrication and oxidants production of 3 or 4 components metal oxide electrode, which is known to be so effective to destruct non-biodegradable organics in wastewater, were studied. Five electrode materials (Ru as main component and Pt, Sn, Sb and Gd as minor components) were used for the 3 or 4 components electrode. The metal oxide electrode was prepared by coating the electrode material on the surface of the titanium mesh and then thermal oxidation at $500^{\circ}C$ for 1h. The removed RhB per 2 min and unit W of 3 components electrode was in the order: Ru:Sn:Sb=9:1:1 > Ru:Pt:Gd=5:5:1 > Ru:Sn=9:1 > Ru:Sn:Gd=9:1:1 > Ru:Sb:Gd=9:1:1. Although RhB decolorization of Ru:Sn:Sb:Gd electrode was the highest among the 4 components electrode, the RhB decolorization and oxidants formation of the Ru:Sn:Sb=9:1:1 electrode was higher than that of the 3 and 4 components electrode. Electrogenerated oxidants (free Cl and $ClO_2$) of chlorine type in 3 and 4 components electrode were higher than other oxidants such as $H_2O_2\;and\;O_3$. It was assumed that electrode with high RhB decolorization showed high oxidant generation and COD removal efficiency. OH radical which is electrogenerated by the direct electrolysis was not generated the entire 3 and 4 components electrode, therefore main mechanism of RhB degradation by metal oxide electrode based Ru was considered indirect electrolysis using electrogenerated oxidants.