• Title/Summary/Keyword: coastal waters

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A Study of the Effectiveness of Bioremediation Agents to degrade the spilled oils on waters (미생물제제의 해상유출유 분해 효과에 대한 연구)

  • Lim Jae-Dong;Yun Jong-Hwui;Kim In-Soo
    • Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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    • 2004.05b
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    • pp.73-79
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    • 2004
  • When large-scale oil spill happens, it will put the fatal impact on the ecosystem, ultimately harm human being seriously. Accordingly every coastal country invests to improve response technologies, of which oil removal by use of bioremediation agent is taken to be secondary or alternative cleanup method in a specific spilled area In this regards, the author attempts to find out the efficiency and effectiveness of bioremediation agent to oil slick by laboratory experiment as well as the possibility of bioremediation application to future spill accident and gets the some results. In this study, the effectiveness and efficiency of bioremediation agent to oil slick is examined by short-term laboratory test and it is found that bioremediation agent am degrade oils effectively. however, considering the environment c! spill site is quite different from that of lab, the author will carry on the on-scene test of bioremediation for longer period to look into the possibility of biorediation agent as one of oil spill response methods.

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Conceptual Design of Cylindrical Hydrophone Arrays for Stabilization of Receiving Characteristics under Ocean Ambient Noise (해양 배경 소음 하의 수신 특성 안정화를 위한 원통형 하이드로폰 배열의 개념 설계)

  • Noh, Eunghwy;Lee, Hunki;Ohm, Won-Suk;Chang, Woosuk
    • The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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    • v.34 no.3
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    • pp.200-209
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    • 2015
  • An underwater sound surveillance system detects and tracks enemy ships in real-time using hydrophone arrays, in which seabed-mounted sensor arrays play a pivotal role. In this paper the conceptual design of seabed-mounted, cylindrical hydrophone arrays for use in shallow coastal waters is performed via finite element calculations. To stabilize the receiving characteristics under the ocean ambient noise, a technique for whitening the ambient noise spectrum using a metal baffle is proposed. Optimization of the array configuration is performed to achieve the directivity in the vertical and azimuthal directions. And the effects of the sonar dome shape and material on the structural vibration and sound scattering properties are studied. It is demonstrated that a robust hydrophone array, having a sensitivity deviation less than 4 dB over the frequency range of interest, can be obtained through the whitening of the ambient noise, the optimization of the array configuration, and the design of acoustically transparent sonar domes.

AGE AND GROWTH OF THE YELLOW CROAKER, PSEUDOSCIAENA MANCHURICA JORDAN ET THOMPSON, IN THE WESTERN COASTAL WATERS OF KOREA (한국 서해산 참조기의 연령과 성장)

  • Chung Bang-Chul
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.3 no.3
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    • pp.154-160
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    • 1970
  • The present paper deals with the growth of yellow croaker by scale age reading. This study is based on material from 596 specimens caught by the Danish seine in the Yellow Sea during the period from June 1967 to April 1968. Ring marks of the scale were formed from April to July, corresponding to the spawning season of the fish reported by Bae (1960). Growth rate of each radius of the ring was approximately 0.73. The relationship between the total length and radius of scales, and the relationship between the body weight and total length are represented by the following equations respectively: L=61.350R+50.184 $$W=4.298L^{3.227}\times10^{-3}$$ Maximum total length calculated by the diagram of Walford's growth transformation, $$L_{n+1}=0.6866L_n+10.8730$$, was 346.9mm. Growth curve of the fish can be expressed by the following von Bertalanffy's equation : $$L_t=346.9(1-e^{-0.376(t+0.609)})$$

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Reproduction and distribution of Chionoecetes crabs (C. opilio and C. japonicus) in the East Sea (동해에 서식하는 대게류(Chionoecetes spp.)의 재생산 및 분포 특성)

  • Cha, Hyung Kee;Yang, Jae Hyeong;Lee, Sung Il;Yoon, Sang Chul
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.47 no.5
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    • pp.637-644
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    • 2014
  • Two Chionoecetes crabs, C. opilio and C. japonicus are primary targets of trap fisheries in the East Sea. To promote the sustainable management of these species, we investigated their reproductive biology and spatial distribution based on samples collected in standardized traps in the coastal waters of eastern Korea from September 2007 to August 2008. The estimated spawning season of C. opilio was March-April, whereas that of C. japonicus continued year-round. The estimated molting period of both species was September-October. Fecundity of C. opilio was proportional to female, size, ranging from 44,791 to 151,538 eggs, and the estimated body size at 50% sexual maturity was 63.9 mm carapace width. Egg bearing female C. opilio were mostly collected depths of 200-300 m, particularly off Hupo and Chuksan, suggesting that these areas are their major spawning grounds. In contrast, female C. japonicus were mostly collected at depths of 400-600 m, peaking at 600 m. The species-specific catch rate was higher for C. opilio above 400 m, similar at ca. 450 m, and higher for C. japonicus below 500 m. These vertical differences indicate apparent spatial segregation of the species, suggesting that spatially-explicit fisheries management plans may be necessary for mitigating conflicts between the respective crab fisheries and maintaining these crabs.

Maturation and Spawning of the Flathead Flounder Hippoglossoides dubius off the coast of Gangwon Province, East Sea of Korea (동해 강원연안 홍가자미(Hippoglossoides dubius)의 성숙과 산란)

  • Choi, Young Min;Yoon, Byoung Sun;Park, Jeong-Ho;Park, Kie Young;Sohn, Myoung Ho;Lee, Jae Bong;Kim, Jae Won
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.46 no.6
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    • pp.835-842
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    • 2013
  • Flathead flounder Hippoglossoides dubius is a commercially important fish in the coastal waters of Gangwon Province, which is its spawning ground and breeding habitat. A total of 1,669 gonads were sampled monthly from February 2011 to May 2013 to investigate ecological characteristics, such as variations in maturation and spawning by gonad index, visual maturity stage, histological observations and oocyte diameter. Males were numerically dominant over females in the fishing grounds year round. The spawning season was from January to April, and the peak was from February to March. Oocyte number as a measure of fecundity was between 27,372 and 915,209 eggs with a length range of 26.0-48.7 cm TL, while the largest oocyte grew to 0.9-1.4mm in egg diameter during its spawning season. The relationship between fecundity and total length was $F=0.0016TL^{5.2539}$. The smallest mature lengths of the females and males were 28.4 and 22.6 cm respectively, and the 50% mature lengths of females and males were 32.9, 26.9 cm respectively.

Evaluation of Bacteriological Safety for the Shellfish Growing Waters in Taean Area, Korea (충남 태안 패류생산해역에서의 세균학적 위생안정성 평가)

  • Song, Ki-Cheol;Lee, Doo-Seog;Shim, Kil-Bo;Lim, Chi-Won;Mog, Jong-Su;Byun, Han-Seok;Park, Young-Je;Cho, Ki-Chae
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.41 no.3
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    • pp.155-162
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    • 2008
  • The seawater in the Taean area was surveyed to evaluate the conditions of the bay and compliance with the bacteriological criteria for a designated area for shellfish production for export. Samples of seawater were collected monthly at 34 sampling stations established in the survey area from January 2002 to December 2004. The bacterial density in the coastal area close to a pollution source located to the northeast of the survey area was higher than in the open sea to the west. The bacteriological counts in the water did not change with 16.5mm of rainfall, but increased abruptly after 65.4mm of rainfall. The total coliform and fecal coliform most probable numbers (MPNs) of 1,224 seawater samples in the survey area were <1.8-2,400 and <1.8-790 MPN/100 mL, respectively. The geometric mean and estimated 90th percentile of total coliforms were 1.9-3.4 and 2.7-26.3 MPN/100mL, respectively, and for fecal coliforms were <1.8-2.6 and 1.8-12.0 MPN/100mL, respectively. The bacteriological water quality in the Taean seawater area met the National Shellfish Sanitation Program criteria for an approved area and the Korea Shellfish Sanitation Program criteria for a designated area for shellfish production for export.

The Seasonal Distribution Characteristics of Watermass and Fishery Creatures in the Adjacent Sea of Naro Island (나로도 주변해역의 수괴 및 어업생물의 계절별 분포특성)

  • PARK, Ju-Sam
    • Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.132-143
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    • 2005
  • In order to investigate the seasonal variation of watermass and fishery creatures in the adjacent sea of Naro Island, an oceanographic observation was carried out seasonally on the fishing grounds, and the sales performance data of the fisheries cooperative's joint market of Naro Island was examined by using a principal component analysis. The temperature and salinity ranged from 8.1 $^{\circ}C$ to 13.7 $^{\circ}C$ and from 33.1 psu to 34.3 psu in spring, from 14.5 $^{\circ}C$ to 24.2 $^{\circ}C$ and from 30.5 psu to 34.1 psu in summer, from 14.8 $^{\circ}C$ to 18.6 $^{\circ}C$ and from 30.1 psu to 34.0 psu in autumn, and from 4.3 $^{\circ}C$ to 10.1 $^{\circ}C$ and from 33.1 psu to 34.9 psu in winter, respectively. In winter and spring, the offshore water spread out to all sea areas of all water layers. In summer, the mixed waters covered the entire sea surface whereas the mixed water and offshore water covered the bottom. In autumn, the coastal water and mixed water appeared on the surface, but the mixed water was distributed widely on the bottom and the offshore water began to appear in the open sea. For two years from 2002 to 2003, 58 fishery creature species in total were sold in the fisheries cooperative's joint market of Naro Island. In general, the total of 50% fish were sold, and crustacea and mollusc by each 25%. Medium shrimp, whiparm octopus, blue crab, and octopus predominated. A number of species and biomass of fishery creatures were sold mostly in April and May, while they were sold the least in January and February. The seasonal sales results showed that mullet, angler, short necked clam, large shrimp, and webfoot octopus were sold mainly in spring, tonguefish, flathead, pomfret, glass eel, blue crab, whiparm octopus, and squid were sold mainly in summer, and octopus, medium shrimp, and spanish mackerel were sold mainly in autumn.

Bioactive Components from Red Tide Plankton, Cochlodinium polykrikoides (Cochlodinium polykrikoides 적조 조체의 생리활성 성분)

  • LEE Jong-Soo
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.29 no.2
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    • pp.165-173
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    • 1996
  • Large amounts (300 grams) of natural red tide plankton, Cochlodinium polykrikoides, was collected at the Yokji island coastal waters, Kyeongnam, Korea, on October, 1993. Using the bioassay systems, bioactive materials were screened from methanol extracts of C. polykrikoides. Live C. polykrykoides was toxic to fishes, however, the water soluble and chloroform soluble fraction of their methanol extracts did not shown ichthyotoxicity (5 mg/ml), and toxicity to mice (50 mg, i.p,). These fractions did not show any peaks corresponding to paralytic shellfish toxins or diarryhetic shellfish toxins on the fluorometric HPIC chromatograms. Neither fractions did not show antibiotic activities by paper disk (10 mg/disc) test and chloroform soluble fraction showed only $20\%$ growth inhibition activity on the Lymphoid P-388 at the concentration of $180\;{\mu}g/ml$. Hemolytic activity was detected by both fractions. Fatty acid analysis by GC, GC/MS and proton NMR showed that the chloroform soluble fraction composed of $25.3\%$ of DHA (dorosahexaenoic acid) and $15.3\%$ of IPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) as the hemolytic components.

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Distributions of temperature and salinity in relation to ebb, turn of tide and flood of the Bottol Bada in July, 2004 (2004년 7월 봇돌바다의 썰물, 전류 및 밀물시 수온과 염분 분포)

  • Choi Yong-Kyu;Cho Eun-Seob;Lee Yong-Hwa;Lee Young-Sik
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.167-175
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    • 2005
  • Based on the observation on 20, 23 and 26 July 2004, the distributions of temperature, salinity and stratification was investigated in relation to ebb, turn of tide and flood. The results are as follows: I) The high temperature and low saline water with $23.5\~24.0^{\circ}C\;and\;32.4\~33.0psu$ existed at Naro Island. 2) The cold surface water below $21.0^{\circ}C\;and\;33.0\~33.4psu$ appeared in the area near Gae Island and Geumo Island. 3) The cold and saline water, below $24.0^{\circ}C$ at the surface and $17.0^{\circ}C$ near the bottom, $32.8\~33.8psu$ at the surface and $33.8\~34.0psu$ near the bottom, existed in Sori Island. These waters were more saline compared to the South Sea Coastal Water with about 31.8psu. This suggests that the oceanic saline water intruded into the Bottol Bada through the area near Sori Island. The stratification appeared during all the observation periods due to a high solar radiation of $22MJ/m^2$, and a weak wind speed of 2.9m/s on the average while the mean speed of wind in July is around 3.9 m/s. It qualitatively suggested that the stratification was maintained during the observation periods because of a high solar radiation, a weak wind speed and intrusion of saline oceanic water.

Marine Algal Flora and Grazing Effect of Sea Urchins in the Coastal Waters of Cheju Island (제주연안의 해조상과 성게의 섭식효과)

  • 이기완;손철현;정상철
    • Journal of Aquaculture
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    • v.11 no.3
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    • pp.401-419
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    • 1998
  • The structure of benthic algal flora and feeding behavior of sea urchins (Anthocidaris crassispina and Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus), were investigated from the eight different locations along the coast of Cheju Island, Korea. Biomass distribution and dominance of the algal communities were studied in relation to the gut contents and population parameters of the sea urchins. As a result, although the largest algal biomass and biological characteristics of sea urchins, such as test diameter, test hight, body weight, gonad weight, etc. This inhdicated that sea urchins would not be dependednt sorely on the abundance of algal foods, and they might feed on other food items. In order to know such a trend with regard to food selectivity, the diets consumed by sea urchins were analyzed, and it was found that they were composed of benthic and drifted algae, various animal components (sponges, bryozoans, crustaceans, and various unidentified capsulated eggs, etc.) and biets turned out to be smaller than might be expected, and it is postulated that sea urchins were not likely to be the major grazing animals for the formation of algal bed and also canopy deterioration, so-called "white incrustation."

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