• 대한간호학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국간호과학회 2004년도 학술대회지
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• pp.99-109
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• 2004

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.125-135
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• 2014

A population model of bacterial spot caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria on hot pepper was developed to predict the primary disease infection date. The model estimated the pathogen population on the surface and within the leaf of the host based on the wetness period and temperature. For successful infection, at least 5,000 cells/ml of the bacterial population were required. Also, wind and rain were necessary according to regression analyses of the monitored data. Bacterial spot on the model is initiated when the pathogen population exceeds $10^{15}cells/g$ within the leaf. The developed model was validated using 94 assessed samples from 2000 to 2007 obtained from monitored fields. Based on the validation study, the predicted initial infection dates varied based on the year rather than the location. Differences in initial infection dates between the model predictions and the monitored data in the field were minimal. For example, predicted infection dates for 7 locations were within the same month as the actual infection dates, 11 locations were within 1 month of the actual infection, and only 3 locations were more than 2 months apart from the actual infection. The predicted infection dates were mapped from 2009 to 2012; 2011 was the most severe year. Although the model was not sensitive enough to predict disease severity of less than 0.1% in the field, our model predicted bacterial spot severity of 1% or more. Therefore, this model can be applied in the field to determine when bacterial spot control is required.

• 한국임상수의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국임상수의학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.76-76
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• 2008

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.161-165
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• 2021

Objectives: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spreads heterogeneously, disproportionately impacting poor and minority communities. The relationship between poverty and race is complex, with a diverse set of structural and systemic factors driving higher rates of poverty among minority populations. The factors that specifically contribute to the disproportionate rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection, however, are not clearly understood. Methods: We evaluated SARS-CoV-2 test results from community-based testing sites in Los Angeles, California, between June and December, 2020. We used tester zip code data to link those results with United States Census report data on average annual household income, rates of healthcare coverage, and employment status by zip code. Results: We analyzed 2 141 127 SARS-CoV-2 test results, of which 245 154 (11.4%) were positive. Multivariable modeling showed a higher likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 test positivity among Hispanic communities than among other races. We found an increased risk for SARS-CoV-2 positivity among individuals from zip codes with an average annual household income

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2001년도 Proceedings of International Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea
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• pp.154.2-154.2
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• 2001

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.96-103
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• 2012

In the present study, the inhibitory effect of neem leaf extract (NLE) on lipopolysaccaride (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$) production was examined both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro study revealed that NLE treatment ($100{\mu}g/ml$) inhibits LPS (100 ng/ml)-induced NO production by 96% and TNF-${\alpha}$ production by 32%. The reduction in NO production is probably conferred by the complete suppression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression. Interestingly, in vivo NLE significantly improved the survival rate of mice in an experimental sepsis model. Administration of NLE (100 mg/kg) 24 h before LPS treatment (20 mg/kg) improved the survival rate of mice by 60%. The inhibition of plasma NO and TNF-${\alpha}$ production by NLE is likely to account for the improved survival of mice. Our results suggest that NLE may present a promising avenue in the development of therapeutic agents for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.668-675
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• 2021

The infection status of domestic farmed eels Anguilla japonica, Anguilla bicolor and Anguilla marmorata with Japanese eel endothelial cell-infecting virus (JEECV) and anguillid herpesvirus 1 (AnHV) was examined at the major eel farming areas in Korea. These viruses were detected in all areas examined, regardless of the eel species or age. Any farm with a history of viral infection in adult fish confirmed the infection to be transmitted to stocked fry within 3 to 5 months. It is proposed that both viruses are horizontally transmitted within a given farm. The primary symptoms and histopathological lesions produced by the two viral infections are similar, making it difficult to distinguish the two diseases through clinical symptoms. Both viruses displayed 100% detection in the gills, suggesting that the gills are an optimal tissue for JEECV and AnHV monitoring. This study concluded that JEECV and AnHV were prevalent on eel farms across the country and caused very high mortality when the two viruses co-infected fry. Additional studies, including experimental infections, are needed to clearly understand the pathogenicity of each virus and the risk of co-infection.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제58권10호
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• pp.615-626
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• 2020

The outbreak of COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, has spread worldwide and resulted in a pandemic for health systems. The disease is transmitted via respiration as droplets or aerosol. Due to the nature of dental treatment, aerosols, including body fluid, blood, and saliva, are frequently produced in dental hospitals. The present study investigated the potential risk of nosocomial infection of COVID-19 in dental hospitals to provide recommendations in clinical situations. The Seoul National University Dental Hospital in Korea established a countermeasure to cope with the clinical situation based on The Guidelines of Korean Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (KCDC) for dental practitioners and the available literature. Notably, numerous considerations for patient reservation and schedule management are required for space separation in the hospital, including infection control. Experiences in dental hospitals in Korea would be referable for other dental hospitals facing this infectious respiratory disease.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제55권5호
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• pp.569-573
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• 2017

The present study was performed to reveal the current status and risk factors of Strongyloides stercoralis infections in the villages of Kenethao district, Xayaburi Province, Lao PDR. Fecal specimens were collected and examined for S. stercoralis using Koga-agar plate culture technique. Among 516 individuals, the prevalence of S. stercoralis and hookworm infection was 44.2% and 17.1%, respectively. Co-infection was detected in 13.2% of the cases. The prevalence did not significantly differ between males and females (P=0.193). However, the prevalence of S. stercoralis infection increased significantly with age (P=0.041). Of the risk factors examined, both performing farming activities (P=0.001) and walking barefoot when going outside of the house (P=0.003) showed significant correlations with S. stercoralis infections. Our results suggest that S. stercoralis is highly endemic in this area. The National Helminth Control Program of Lao PDR should take actions to control S. stercoralis infection. In addition, provision of health education about the benefits of wearing shoes would be important for reducing infection in the study area. Moreover, the application of high-sensitivity diagnostic approaches is needed to obtain the true impact of S. stercoralis infections in all rural communities in order to provide surveillance activities in Lao PDR.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.249-253
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• 2019

닭 마이코플라즈마병은 전세계적으로 양계산업에 문제시 되고 있는 난계대 질병으로 병아리 품질 및 사육성적에 영향을 미친다고 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 닭 마이코플라즈마병에 대한 백신 접종을 실시하지 않은 계열화 회사의 육용 종계군을 대상으로 정기 채혈을 통해 혈청검사를 실시한 후 감염율을 확인하였고, 조사계군에서 생산된 육계 병아리에 대한 사육성적을 확인하고자 하였다. 육용종계 닭 마이코플라즈마 감염율과 그에 따른 후대병아리의 사육성적을 연도별로 확인한 결과, 종계군의 감염율이 낮아짐에 육계의 사육성적이 높아진다는 상관관계를 확인하였다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 비추어 보았을 때, 닭 마이코플라즈마병의 감염 유무는 생산된 초생추의 품질과 사육농장 성적 영향에 미치는 여러 요소들 중 하나라고 판단할 수 있다.