• 약학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.197-201
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• 2004

Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are enzymes that degrade intracellular cAMP. In the present study, pentoxifylline, a PDE inhibitor, induced osteoclast formation in co-cultures of mouse bone marrow cells and calvarial osteoblasts. To address the involvement of the osteoclast differentiation factor TNF-related activation-induced cytokine (TRANCE, identical to RANKL, ODF, and OPGL), mouse bone marrow cells and calvarial osteoblasts were co-cultured with pentoxifylline in the presence of OPG, a decoy receptor for TRANCE. The osteoclastogenic effect of pentoxifylline was completely blocked by addition of OPG, suggesting that TRANCE is involved in the osteoclast formation induced by pentoxifylline, Northern blot analysis revealed that pentoxifylline significantly induced TRANCE mRNA expression in calvarial osteoblasts. These results suggests that pentoxifylline regulates TRANCE expression in osteoblasts, which in turn controls osteoclast formation.

• 식품과학과 산업
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.68-83
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• 2019

The history of fermented condiments symbolizes that of the fermentation industry of Korea. Daesang Co. (ex Miwon) initiated the production of MSG using fermentation process in 1960 for the very first time. Ever since, both Daesang and CJ Co. (ex Cheil Jedang) have scrambled for taking up bigger share of Korean market in the field of MSG, IG-coated MSG, and mixed seasoning. It is noteworthy that both companies have powerfully contributed to the development of Korean fermentation industry. Daesang initiated exporting plants to Indonesia in 1973, whereas CJ has become the global leader of the IMP market. Furthermore, both of them have developed such as not only amino acids but also nucleic acid-related substances, organic acids, enzymes etc. with glutamic acid as a platform. It is anticipated that the two will develop the newly diversified edible substances and various kinds of fermented foods along with new food cultures.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.201-210
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• 1996

This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of early mouse embryonic development in vitro by co-culture with bovine and porcine oviductal epithelial cells (BOEC and POEC). The 2-cell embryos were collected from the oviducts of the superovulated and mated cultured in D-PBS /15% FCS at 48 hours after hCG injection. The in vitro developmental rate of blastocyst formation in the embryos were examined under the fllowing treatments; 1) TCM 199 added 15% HCS, 2) Ham's F-10 added 15% HCS, 3) MediCult IVF medium, 4) TCM 199 added 15% HCS + BOEC, 5) TCM 199 added 15% HCS + POEC, 6) Ham's F40 added 15% HCS + BOEC, 7) Ham's F-10 added 15% HCS + POEC,8) MediCult IVF medium + BOEC, 9) MediCult IVF medium + POEC. For a comparative study of in vitro development for 96 hours after hCG injection, were cultured with oviductal epithelial cell and media only. The obtained results were 2-cell embryos developed to the blastocyst stage in TCM 199, Ham's F-10 and MediCult IVF medium at the rates of 84.4,83.2 and 81.6%. respectively. The higher developmental rates(91~97%) of blastocyst formation was appeared when the embryos were co-cultured with a monolayer of bovine or porcine oviductal epithelial cells in TCM 199 or Ham's F-10 and MediCult IVF media. No significant difference in developmental rates was shown between bovine and porcine oviductal epithelial cells but significant difference in co-culture system in comparison between media only system and co-cultures. In conclusions, oviductal epithelial cells, BOEC and POEC, when co-culture with mouse early embryos improved the rates of development, blastocyst and hatching. Therefore, it is suggested that co-culture system using oviductal epithelial cells improve early embryonic developtnent in mouse.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.461-472
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• 2004

Objectives : For the screening of neuroprotective effects of medicinal herbs, the complex system of animal models suffer some disadvantages in controlling critical parameters such as blood pressure and body temperature. Additionally, application of drugs to the appropriate brain area sometimes is difficult, due to poor permeability though the blood brain barrier, and so potential protective effects might be masked. Methods : Organotypic hippocampal slice culture (OHSC) method has the advantages of being relatively easy to prepare and of maintaining the general structure, including tissue integrity and the connections between cells. Drugs can easily be applied and neuronal damage can easily be quantified by using tissues and culture media. This study demonstrates neuroprotective effects of Puerariae radix (葛根, PR), Salviae miltiorrhizae radix (丹蔘, SR), Rhei rhizoma (大黃, RR), and Bupleuri radix (柴胡, BR). These were screenedand compared to MK-801, antagonist of NMDA receptors, by using OHSC of 1 week-old Sprague-Dawley rats. Oxygen/glucose deprivation (OGD) were conducted in an anaerobic chamber $(85%\;N_2,\;10%\;CO_2\;and\;5%\;H_2)$ in a deoxygenated glucose-free medium for 60 minutes. Water extracts of each herbs were treated to culture media with $5\;{\mu}g/ml$ for 48 hours. Results : Neuronal cell death in the cultures was monitored by densitometric measurements of the cellular uptake of propidium iodide (PI). PI fluorescence images were obtained at 48 hours after the OGD and medicinal herb treatment. Also TUNEL-positive cells in the CAI and DG regions and LDH concentrations in culture media were measured at 48 hours after the OGD. According to measured data, MK-801, PR, SR and BR demonstrated significant neuroprotective effect against excessive neuronal cell death and apoptosis induced by the OGD insult. Especially, PR revealed similar neuroprotective effect to MK-801 and RR demonstrated weak neuroprotective effect. Conclusions : These results suggest that OHSC can be a suitable method for screening of neuroprotective effects of medicinal herbs. (This work was supported by the research program of Dongguk University and Grant 01-PJ9-PG1-01CO03-0003 from Ministry of Health & Welfare.)

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제23권9호
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• pp.1260-1268
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• 2013

A series of experiments were carried out with three native strains of microalgae to measure growth rates, biomass, and lipid productivities. Scenedesmus sp. IMMTCC-6 had better biomass growth rate and higher lipid production. The growth, lipid accumulation, and carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) consumption rate of Scenedesmus sp. IMMTCC-6 were tested under different NaOH concentrations in modified BBM. The algal strain showed the maximum specific growth rate (0.474/day), biomass productivity (110.9 mg $l^{-1}d^{-1}$), and $CO_2$ consumption rate (208.4 mg $l^{-1}d^{-1}$) with an NaOH concentration of 0.005 M on the $8^{th}$ day of cultivation. These values were 2.03-, 6.89-, and 6.88-fold more than the algal cultures grown in control conditions (having no NaOH and $CO_2$). The $CO_2$ fixing efficiency of the microalga with other alternative carbon sources like $Na_2CO_3$ and $NaHCO_3$ was also investigated and compared. The optimized experimental parameters at shake-flask scale were implemented for scaling up the process in a self-engineered photobioreactor. A significant increase in lipid accumulation (14.23% to 31.74%) by the algal strain from the logarithmic to stationary phases was obtained. The algal lipids were mainly composed of $C_{16}/C_{18}$ fatty acids, and are desirable for biodiesel production. The study suggests that microalga Scenedesmus sp. IMMTCC-6 is an efficient strain for biodiesel production and $CO_2$ biofixation using stripping solution of NaOH in a cyclic process.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.51-54
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• 1998

It has been proved that co-cultivation of human neroblastoma cells and human fibroblast cells can enhance nerve cell growth and the production of BDNF in perfusion cultivation. In batch co-cultivation, maximum cell density was increased up to 1.76${\times}$106 viable cells/mL from 9${\times}$105 viable cells/mL of only neuroblastoma cell culture. The growth of neuroblastoma cells was greatly improved by culturing both nerve and fibroblast cells in a perfusion process, maintaining 1.5${\times}$106 viable cells/mL, which was much higher than that form fed-batch cultivation. The nerve cell growth was greatly enhance in both fed-batch and perfusion cultivations while the growth of fibroblast cells was not. It strongly implies that the factors secreted from human fibrobast cells and/or the environments of co-culture system can enhance both cell growth and BDNF secretion. Specific BDNF production rate was not enhanced in co-cultures; however, the production period was increased as the cell growth was lengthened in the co-culture case. Competitive growth between nerve cells and fibroblast cells was not observed in all cases, showing no changes of fibroblast cell growth and only enhancement of the neuroblastoma cell growth and overall BDNF production. It was also found that the perfusion cultivation was the most appropriate process for cultivating two cell lines simultaneously in a bioreactor.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.116-120
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 생물농약용으로 연구 개발된 길항미생물의 균주들을 이용하여 친환경농업용 길항미생물 컨소시엄을 개발하고자 하였으며, 개별 길항미생물의 항생능력, 항진균성 siderophore 및 ${\beta}$-glucannase 생산능, auxin생산능, 인산가용능 등 각 기작별 상호 보완형 미생물균주의 컨소시엄 후보군을 구성하였다. 구성된 컨소시엄 후보군 중 컨소시엄 No. 11이 in vivo pot test에서 가장 좋은 고추생장촉진능과 교추역병 방제능을 발휘하였다. 최적 컨소시엄인 No. 11 컨소시엄내 두 길항미생물인 B. subtilis AH18과 B. licheniformis K11은 기작별 상호보완형으로 모두 auxin생산능, 항진균성siderophore 및 ${\beta}$-glucannase생산능을 가지며, 특히 B. licheniformis K11는 고추역병을 길항하는 항생물질인 iturin을 생산한다. 고추역병방제용 최적컨소시엄 구성균주들간의 상호 비경쟁적 상리공생 여부를 조사하기 위하여 개별균주인 B. subtilis AH18과 B. licheniformis K11을 각각 단독으로 배양한 것과 두 균주를 동시에 접종하여 배양한 것 그리고, 각각 단독으로 배양한 것을 접종시에 혼용하는 것의 3가지 처리를 실시하였다. 그 결과 동시 배양한 것은 각각을 단독을 배양한 것과 비교하였을 때 방제능과 생육촉진능 모두 시너지 효과를 나타내지 않았다. 하지만, 단독배양 후 혼용한 처리구에서는 시너지 효과를 크게 나타내었는데 방제능도 가지면서 뿌리, 줄기, 잎의 생장촉진효과에서 모두 개별 단독배양 후 처리 또는 동시배양 후 처리에서 보다 50% 이상 시너지 효과를 발휘하였다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.31-37
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• 2010

The Salvia plebeia R. which is the biennial plant belonging to the Labiatae department, grows naturally in the Korea entire area. Presently, its extract (SPRE) is known to have an anti-inflammation and anti-allergy activity, but there are a few evidences about it. SPRE inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokine such as TNF-$\alpha$ and IL-6 as well as nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treated- macrophages. The co-administration of SPRE during OVA sensitization significantly reduced total IgE levels in mice. The mice who received SPRE co-administered with OVA showed a significant increase in serum OVA-specific IgG2a/b levels. Spleen-cell cultures harvested from OVA-sensitized mice showed a significant decrease in Th2 cytokine levels with a concomitant increase in Th1 cytokine levels only when SPRE co-administered with OVA. These results demonstrate that SPRE can control the LPS-induced inflammatory reaction and prevent antigen-induced Th2 immune responses in mice.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.82-85
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• 2002

The aerobic batch growth of Issatchenkia orientalis DY252 with glucose and fructose medium was investigated at 32$\^{C}$ and pH 5.0. Aerobic ethanol production was evident with yeast I, orientalis. A diauxic lag of about 1 h between growth on glucose and growth on ethanol during batch culture was observed. However, no diauxic growth occurred with fructose. As the incubation temperature was increased from 32 to 39$\^{C}$, viability at the end of each batch culture declined significantly, from 93 to 43%, Unlike the effect of temperature, viability was not greatly affected by incubation pH, and cell yield values in a range of 0.45-0.48 were obtained. In order to overcome overflow metabolism, a fedbatch culture under glucose limitation was carried out. Compared with aerobic batch culture, about 10% improvement in cell yield was achieved with a fed-batch culture in optimal conditions.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.903-908
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• 2005

Inoculation of the carrier-based mixed bioinoculants af N-fixer (Azospirillum lipoferum strain Az204/Rhizobium strain BMBS P47) and phosphate-solubilizing bacterium (Bacillus megaterium var phosphaticum strain Pb 1) promoted growth and yield of pearl millet and blackgram under pot-culture conditions. The mixed inoculant of Az204 and Pb 1 enhanced germination, seedling vigor, plant height, and seed weight, and resulted in $6\%$ increase in grain yield of pearl millet. Likewise, the mixed inoculant of BMBS P47 and Pb1 increased growth, nodulation, and yield in blackgram. The rhizosphere soil enzyme activities, including nitrogenase, urease, and phosphatase, in both pearl millet and blackgram were significantly increased by the inoculation of the mixed inoculant, compared to that of the individual inoculants. The results clearly indicate the beneficial effect of co-culturing the N-fixer and P-solubilizer in inoculants production.