• Title/Summary/Keyword: clinical feature

Search Result 474, Processing Time 0.026 seconds

Suspecting Intussusception and Recurrence Risk Stratification Using Clinical Data and Plain Abdominal Radiographs

  • Oh, Ye Rim;Je, Bo Kyung;Oh, Chaeyoun;Cha, Jae Hyung;Lee, Jee Hyun
    • Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
    • /
    • v.24 no.2
    • /
    • pp.135-144
    • /
    • 2021
  • Purpose: Although ultrasonography is the gold standard of diagnosing intussusception, plain abdomen radiograph (AXR) is often used to make differential diagnosis for pediatric patients with abdominal pain. In intussusception patients, we aimed to analyze the AXR and clinical data to determine the characteristics of early AXR findings associated with diagnosis of intussusception and recurrence after reduction. Methods: Between January 2011 and June 2018, 446 patients diagnosed with intussusception based on International Classification of Diseases-10 code of K56.1 were admitted. We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 398 patients who received air reduction; 51 of them have recurred after initial reduction. We evaluated six AXR features including absent ascending colon gas, absent transverse colon gas, target sign, meniscus sign, mass, and ileus. Clinical data and AXR features were compared between single episode and recurrence groups. Results: Two groups did not show significant differences regarding clinical data. Mean time to recurrence from air reduction was 3.4±3.2 days. Absent ascending colon gas (63.9%) was the most common feature in intussusception, followed by mass (29.1%). All of six AXR features were observed more frequently in the recurrence group. Absent transverse colon gas was the most closely associated AXR finding for recurrence (odds ratio, 2.964; 95% confidence interval, 1.327-6.618; p=0.008). Conclusion: In our study, absence of ascending colon gas was the most frequently seen AXR factor in intussusception patients. Extended and careful observation after reduction may be beneficial if such finding on AXR is found in intussusception patients.

A Study on XAI-based Clinical Decision Support System (XAI 기반의 임상의사결정시스템에 관한 연구)

  • Ahn, Yoon-Ae;Cho, Han-Jin
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
    • /
    • v.21 no.12
    • /
    • pp.13-22
    • /
    • 2021
  • The clinical decision support system uses accumulated medical data to apply an AI model learned by machine learning to patient diagnosis and treatment prediction. However, the existing black box-based AI application does not provide a valid reason for the result predicted by the system, so there is a limitation in that it lacks explanation. To compensate for these problems, this paper proposes a system model that applies XAI that can be explained in the development stage of the clinical decision support system. The proposed model can supplement the limitations of the black box by additionally applying a specific XAI technology that can be explained to the existing AI model. To show the application of the proposed model, we present an example of XAI application using LIME and SHAP. Through testing, it is possible to explain how data affects the prediction results of the model from various perspectives. The proposed model has the advantage of increasing the user's trust by presenting a specific reason to the user. In addition, it is expected that the active use of XAI will overcome the limitations of the existing clinical decision support system and enable better diagnosis and decision support.

A Literature Review of Clinical Studies Using Sa-am Acupuncture

  • Lim, Jinwoong;Kim, Yong-hwa;Kim, Yu-gon;Jeong, Hyeon-gyo;Shin, Kyung-moon;Shin, Dong-hoon;Jeong, Hwe-joon;Kang, Deok;Yang, Jae-woo;Oh, Ji-hoon;Yoon, Hong-ryoul;Jo, Jae-sung
    • Journal of Acupuncture Research
    • /
    • v.38 no.3
    • /
    • pp.183-191
    • /
    • 2021
  • Sa-am acupuncture originated in the Chosun Dynasty and is a distinct feature of Korean medicine. It has been used to treat various diseases and conditions in clinical practice however, there is insufficient scientific evidence to support the use of Sa-am acupuncture. We aimed to comprehensively review the clinical studies of Sa-am acupuncture retrieved from national and international databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and 3 Korean databases). There were 52 articles reviewed including 29 case studies, 19 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and 4 uncontrolled trials. Neurological disorders were the most frequently studied, and kidney tonification, and directional supplementation and draining were the most frequently used methods. Overall, the outcomes were generally positive however, there were many additional treatments together with Sa-am acupuncture reported in the case reports, and the quality of evidence was low in the RCTs. Future studies should report the detailed method of practicing Sa-am acupuncture treatment and focus on the specific effect of Sa-am acupuncture with rigorous design to scientifically support the clinical use of Sa-am acupuncture.

The Clinical Feature of Reflux Esophagitis Patients Visiting a Single Korean Medicine Hospital: A Retrospective Study

  • Lee, Ga-young;Choi, Tae-joon;Lee, Nam-hun;Choi, Seo-hyung
    • The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
    • /
    • v.42 no.6
    • /
    • pp.1245-1254
    • /
    • 2021
  • Objectives: This study investigated the clinical characteristics and symptoms of patients with reflux esophagitis (RE) visiting a Korean medicine hospital. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with an RE diagnosis who visited a Korean medicine hospital from June 15, 2020, to April 15, 2021. We analyzed the clinical characteristics and the results of a symptoms questionnaire. Results: Our sample included 1,151 patients (711 females). The median age was 58 years; the most common age bracket was 60-69 years. A total of 837 patients (72.7%) presented with symptoms lasting more than one year, and 1,035 (89.9%) had been prescribed medications for more than three months before visiting a Korean medicine hospital. Belching (77.6%) and acid regurgitation (70.9%) were the most frequent symptoms, followed by epigastric pain (61.6%) and throat globus (58.5%). Throat globus was the most bothersome symptom, and 72.4% of the patients experienced the symptom on more than five days in the preceding two weeks. Patients with a longer symptom duration were older (p<0.01) and more likely to be overweight (p=0.03). Patients experiencing symptoms for more than five years were more likely to report throat globus (p=0.02), hoarseness (p<0.01), and coughing (p<0.01). Conclusions: Most RE patients visiting a Korean medicine hospital were females in their sixties with chronic and refractory RE. Atypical symptoms (belching, epigastric pain, and throat globus) were common. Throat globus was highly prevalent in severe cases, suggesting that it warrants attention when treating RE patients.

Digital X-ray Imaging in Dentistry (치과에서 디지털 x-선 영상의 이용)

  • Kim Eun-Kyung
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
    • /
    • v.29 no.2
    • /
    • pp.387-396
    • /
    • 1999
  • In dentistry. RadioVisioGraphy was introduced as a first electronic dental x-ray imaging modality in 1989. Thereafter. many types of direct digital radiographic system have been produced in the last decade. They are based either on charge-coupled device(CCD) or on storage phosphor technology. In addition. new types of digital radiographic system using amorphous selenium. image intensifier etc. are under development. Advantages of digital radiographic system are elimination of chemical processing, reduction in radiation dose. image processing, computer storage. electronic transfer of images and so on. Image processing includes image enhancement. image reconstruction. digital subtraction, etc. Especially digital subtraction and reconstruction can be applied in many aspects of clinical practice and research. Electronic transfer of images enables filmless dental hospital and teleradiology/teledentistry system. Since the first image management and communications system(IMACS) for dentomaxillofacial radiology was reported in 1992. IMACS in dental hospital has been increasing. Meanwhile. researches about computer-assisted diagnosis, such as structural analysis of bone trabecular patterns of mandible. feature extraction, automated identification of normal landmarks on cephalometric radiograph and automated image analysis for caries or periodontitis. have been performed actively in the last decade. Further developments in digital radiographic imaging modalities. image transmission system. imaging processing and automated analysis software will change the traditional clinical dental practice in the 21st century.

  • PDF

Study of Sasang Constitution Classification Method Based on Elasticity Coefficient of Hand Doral Skin of Elderly People (고령자의 손등피부 탄성 특성을 활용한 체질분류 방법 연구)

  • Kang, Nam-Sik;Lee, Jae-Chul;Ku, Bon-Cho;Kim, Jong-Yeol;Kim, Young-Min
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
    • /
    • v.25 no.6
    • /
    • pp.1050-1055
    • /
    • 2011
  • This paper presents a novel diagnostic method to determine Sasang Consitution (SC) by elasticity coefficient of hand dorsal skin of elderly people. For this purpose, we carried out a clinical test, in which Our SC diagnostic tool and one Oriental medical doctor with SC medicine expertise participated to categorize 458 healthy subjects into four constitutions. After excluding heavy-noise, we extracted 295 subjects' elasticity coefficient feature data and statistically analyzed their SC relevance with ANOVA test. It resulted in that, Taeum-in has high elasticity coefficient compared to Soeum-in in a significance level of 0.05. There are no differences of elasticity coefficient in genders. This result is supported by the theory of Longevity and Life Preservation in Eastern Medicine(Donguisusebowon, 동의수세보원) which suggested that Taeum-in's flesh is solid and Soeum-in's one is tender. This is the first work which reports the relatedness of skin elasticity coefficient and SC by an objective clinical test.

Transplantation and Replantation Using R.P.I.(ring pin implant) (R.P.I.(ring pin implant)를 응용한 치아의 재식과 이식)

  • Kim, Jae-Chul
    • Journal of the Korean Academy of Esthetic Dentistry
    • /
    • v.8 no.1
    • /
    • pp.36-44
    • /
    • 1999
  • No one really doubts that the hottest area of dentistry in 21st century would most likely be 'implant'. With the support of a vast amount of research, implant has been successfully and rapidly absorbed into the field of general dentistry including private practitioners. For teeth with hopeless(or refractory) periodontitis or periapical pathosis, with no hesitation most dentists would think extraction as the sole treatment option followed by prosthodontic replacement possibly including implant. Not many dentists would take Trasplantation/Replantation as another treatment option for a particular condition. Dentistry is often more focused on 'Restoration' than 'Preservation' of natural dentition. 'Biologic Implant' is obviously much closer to the concept of 'Preservation'. Many different types of biologic implant system have been introduced to clinical dentistry so far. Many of those have failed to earn reasonable acknowledgement despite of the clinical success they brought. For some reason biologic implant has rather been alienated for long time. RPI(Ring Pin Implant) is designed to improve the prognosis and success rate of transplanted/replanted teeth. RPI is a Ti-based custom made implant system. It is fabricated either by electric casting or milling process. The major feature RPI gas is the 'ring & hole' structure. The hole should be no less than 1mm diameter to allow bone bridge formation thru it. The ring structure and bone bridge formation creates anti-torque activity, which largely increases the 'initial stability' of the transplanted/replanted teeth. It is also reported that RPI is beneficial in the aspect of resisting root resorption following replantation/transplantation procedure.

  • PDF

A Case of Microscopic Polyarteritis Associated with Recurrent Pulmonary Hemorrhage (반복성 폐출혈을 일으킨 현미경적 다발성 동맥염 1예)

  • Bae, Ji-Youn;Lim, Sang-Soon;Lee, Yoon-Suk;In, Kwang-Ho;Yoo, Se-Hwa;Ahn, Tae-Hoon
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
    • /
    • v.38 no.4
    • /
    • pp.389-395
    • /
    • 1991
  • Pulmonary hemorrhage is a feature of several immune and idiopathic disorders. The specific etiology of this disease is determined by clinical, serological and renal pathology. Microscopic polyarteritis nodosa is a vasculitis of small vessels which is characterized by involvement of the lung, kidney and skin in young individuals. Its clinical manifestations differ from classical polyarteritis nodosa. It should be considered in differentiation of recurrent alveolar hemorrhage and hematuria. We reported a case of microscopic polyarteritis nodosa which was confirmed by renal biopsy and positive serum antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody, associated with recurrent alveolar hemorrhage and hematuria.

  • PDF

Assessment of Breast Cancer Risk in an Iranian Female Population Using Bayesian Networks with Varying Node Number

  • Rezaianzadeh, Abbas;Sepandi, Mojtaba;Rahimikazerooni, Salar
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
    • /
    • v.17 no.11
    • /
    • pp.4913-4916
    • /
    • 2016
  • Objective: As a source of information, medical data can feature hidden relationships. However, the high volume of datasets and complexity of decision-making in medicine introduce difficulties for analysis and interpretation and processing steps may be needed before the data can be used by clinicians in their work. This study focused on the use of Bayesian models with different numbers of nodes to aid clinicians in breast cancer risk estimation. Methods: Bayesian networks (BNs) with a retrospectively collected dataset including mammographic details, risk factor exposure, and clinical findings was assessed for prediction of the probability of breast cancer in individual patients. Area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were used to evaluate discriminative performance. Result: A network incorporating selected features performed better (AUC = 0.94) than that incorporating all the features (AUC = 0.93). The results revealed no significant difference among 3 models regarding performance indices at the 5% significance level. Conclusion: BNs could effectively discriminate malignant from benign abnormalities and accurately predict the risk of breast cancer in individuals. Moreover, the overall performance of the 9-node BN was better, and due to the lower number of nodes it might be more readily be applied in clinical settings.

A Case of Congenital Chloride Diarrhea in Premature Infant (Congenital Chloride Diarrhea 1례)

  • Yoon, Sung Kwan;Kim, Eun Young;Moon, Kyung Rye;Park, Sang Kee
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
    • /
    • v.46 no.3
    • /
    • pp.308-311
    • /
    • 2003
  • Congenital chloride diarrhea is a serious autosomal recessive disease, and defect of intestinal electrolyte absorption that involves, specifically, $Cl^-/{HCO_3}^-$ exchange in the distal part of the ileum and colon. The clinical feature is dominated by profuse, watery diarrhea containing high concentrations of chloride(>90 mmol/L) and sodium. The chloride loss results in severe dehydration with a hypochloremic alkalosis. The molecular pathology involves an epithelial $Cl^-/{HCO_3}^-$ exchanger protein. Mucosal ion transport is affected to differing degrees and the severity of the disease may thus vary. Recently, a gene defect on chromosome 7 has been identified. However, there was a deficit in replacement of fluid and electrolyte, abdominal distension remained and the character of stools was watery. We report a case of congenital chloride diarrhea in a premature female who presented with watery diarrhea containing high concentrations of chloride and abdominal distension.