• 보험의학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.142-148
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• 1986

Liver is an oragan which has various functions. For this functions in liver disease change variously, many methods of examination of them are invented. Each liver disease impairs these functions diversly rather than uniformly, thus it is possible to differentiate each disease by using various methods of testing it. Liver has high reproductive capacity and despite partial impairment of its function localized disease may not show any abnormality in liver function test due to compensation of remaining intact tissue of the liver. Thus the result of liver function test should be interpreted under adequate clinical investigation with other test, not depending on the liver function test only. This thesis deals with the composition, distribution in living body and clinical significance of liberating enzyme, GOT, GPT, and LDH which are included in serum enzyme that show abnormality in liver disease.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.114-122
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• 2013

Background: Drugs should be evaluated in appropriate subjects representing potential population to take the drugs. This study focuses on gender factor and aims to make known the appropriateness of considering gender difference on clinical evaluation of drug with domestic data related to drug use. Methods: To understand gender difference shown in drug use, three types of domestic statistical data (prevalence of chronic disease, number of outpatient with major concerning disease, and consumption of medicine) were analyzed and compared according to gender. Results: Three of fifteen chronic diseases which were analyzed, showed significantly higher prevalence in women than in men, and three were vice versa. Meanwhile, the sex ratio of outpatients was significantly different in 22 major concerning diseases. Among the drug groups coded by Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) Classification System, the consumption of most drug groups was generally higher in women than in men except for one group coded G (genito-urinary system and sex hormones). Conclusion: Gender difference should be considered in domestic clinical evaluation of drug and domestic guidance for reflecting gender difference should be established.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.135-139
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• 2009

The CA(carbohydrate antigen)19-9 is complex protein that can be used as an important marker which aids the clinical diagnosis and prognosis of various pancreaticobiliary tumors. However, it was also reported that there were some CA19-9 positive patients with benign disease as using RIA method. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical usefulness of serum level of CA19-9 with RIA(radioimmuno assay), CIA(chemiluminescence immuno assay), and conventional liver function tests. The correlation between CIA and RIA in CA19-9 of pancreatobiliary disease was 0.9833(P<0.01). Also, the correlations between CIA and RIA in CA19-9 of benign and malignant pancreaticobiliary tumor patients was 0.8714(P<0.01) and 0.9727(P<0.01) respectively. The correlation between CA19-9 and ALP was 0.5140(P<0.01) and CEA was 0.3385(P<0.05) as using CIA. The measurement of serum CA19-9 levels by CIA method may be useful in differentiating patients with malignant disease from those with benign disease in pancreaticobiliary tumors.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.135-141
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• 2008

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is one of the most common clinical entities encountered in a dizziness clinic. Treatment of this disease, canalith repositioning procedures, have been reported to be successful in 44-90%. Treatment requires only one treatment visit in most patients. However, there are significant numbers of patients who require multiple treatment visits for relief. The goal of this study is to identify variables that may be associated with these difficult to treat cases. Retrospective review was performed for the patients diagnosed as BPPV at St. Carollo dizziness center. Variables for statistical analysis included age, sex, involved canal, presence of bilateral disease, presence of recent head trauma, presence of chronic otitis media, history of middle ear surgery, history of otologic surgery, unilateral vestibular loss, underlying disease such as hypertension or diabetes, change of involved canal during treatment course and number of treatment visits. Two hundred patients with BPPV who received treatment were identified from JAN. 2006 to JUN. 2007. 87% required one treatment visit, 5% required second treatment visit, and 95% were successfully treated after three treatment visits. Variables such as bilateral disease, post-traumatic BPPV, duration of symptom before treatment and change of involved canal during treatment were significantly related with number of treatments. Patient's with bilateral BPPV or with recent head trauma or longer duration of symptom are more likely to require multiple visits for canalith repositioning.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.183-191
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• 2011

Although antenatal diagnostic technique has considerably improved, precise detection and proper management of the neonate with congenital heart disease (CHD) is always a great concern to pediatricians. Congenital cardiac malformations vary from benign to serious conditions such as complete transposition of the great arteries (TGA), critical pulmonary and aortic valvular stenosis/atresia, hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS), obstructed total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR), which the baby needs immediate diagnosis and management for survival. Unfortunately, these life threatening heart diseases may not have obvious evidence early after birth, most of the clinical and physical findings are nonspecific and vague, which makes the diagnosis difficult. High index of suspicion and astute acumen are essential to decision making. When patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is opened Widely, many serious malformations may not be noticed easily in the early life, but would progress as severe acidosis/shock/cyanosis or even death as PDA constricts after few hours to days. Ductus dependent congenital cardiac lesions can be divided into the ductus dependent systemic or pulmonary disease, but physiologically quite different from each other and treatment strategy has to be tailored to the clinical status and cardiac malformations. Inevitably early presentation is often regarded as a medical emergency. Differential diagnosis with inborn error metabolic disorders, neonatal sepsis, persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) and other pulmonary conditions are necessary. Urgent identification of the newborn at such high risk requires timely referral to a pediatric cardiologist, and timely intervention is the key in reducing mortality and morbidity. This following review deals with the clinical presentations, investigative modalities and approach to management of congenital cardiac malformations presenting in the early life.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.59-68
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the current state of clinical trials for acupuncture treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) using neuroimaging methods. Methods: We searched for clinical trial studies of acupuncture treatment for Parkinson's disease that used neuroimaging methods in the MEDLINE (PubMed) database. The identified studies were then selected manually based on inclusion criteria. We subsequently analyzed the characteristics of the selected articles and reviewed the neural substrates of acupuncture treatment in PD. Results: Eight studies were included. The most frequently applied modality for PD was functional MRI. The most frequently selected acupoint for PD was GV34. Several studies showed that acupuncture treatment could improve the symptoms of PD. Through the analysis, we demonstrated that the neuroimaging method could capture the neural substrates associated with PD and that acupuncture treatment may affect the activation of brain areas that are impaired in PD in a different way than sham acupuncture. Conclusions: Applying a neuroimaging method could be helpful in clinical trials of acupuncture treatment for PD, and more efforts should be made in this area.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.193-198
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• 2004

PET/CT combines the functional information from a positron emission tomography (PET) exam with the anatomical information from a computed tomography (CT) exam into one single exam. A CT scan uses a combination of x-rays and computers to give the radiologist a non-invasive way to see inside your body. One advantage of CT is its ability to rapidly acquire two-dimensional pictures of your anatomy. Using a computer these 2-D images can be presented in 3-D for in-depth clinical evaluation. A PET scan detects changes in the cellular function - how your cells are utilizing nutrients like sugar and oxygen. Since these functional changes take place before physical changes occur, PET can provide information that enables your physician to make an early diagnosis. The PET exam pinpoints metabolic activity in cells and the CT exam provides an anatomical reference. When these two scans are fused together, your physician can view metabolic changes in the proper anatomical context of your body. PET/CT offers significant advantages including more accurate localization of functional abnormalities, and the distinction of pathological from normal physiological uptake, and improvements in monitoring treatment. A PET/CT scan allows physicians to measure the body's abnormal molecular cell activity to detect cancer (such as breast cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer, lymphoma, melanoma and other skin cancers), brain disorders (such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and epilepsy), and heart disease (such as coronary artery disease).

• Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.238-246
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• 2018

BACKGROUND: Kawasaki disease (KD) sometimes presents with only fever and cervical lymphadenopathy before other clinical signs materialize. This lymphadenopathy-first-presenting Kawasaki disease (LKD) may be misdiagnosed as bacterial cervical lymphadenitis (BCL). We investigated characteristic imaging and clinical data for factors differentiating LKD from BCL. METHODS: We compared imaging, clinical, and laboratory data of patients with KD and BCL. We included patients admitted to a single tertiary center between January 2015 and July 2018. RESULTS: We evaluated data from 51 patients with LKD, 63 with BCL, and 218 with typical KD. Ultrasound imaging revealed multiple enlarged lymph nodes in both LKD and BCL patients. On the other hand, computed tomography (CT) showed more abscesses in patients with BCL. Patients with LKD were younger and showed higher systemic and hepatobiliary inflammatory markers and pyuria than BCL patients. In multivariable logistic regression, younger age and higher C-reactive protein (CRP) retained independent associations with LKD. A comparison of the echocardiographic findings in LKD and typical KD showed that patients with LKD did not have a higher incidence of coronary artery abnormalities (CAA). CONCLUSIONS: LKD patients tend to have no abscesses on CT and more elevated systemic hepatobiliary inflammatory markers and pyuria compared to BCL patients. The absence of abscess on CT, younger age, and elevated CRP were the most significant variables differentiating LKD from BCL. There was no difference in CAA between LKD and typical KD.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2019

Background: Alzheimer's dementia is the most common dementia. However, recently, choline alfoscerate is prescribed for treating Alzheimer's dementia, although it is not a treatment for this disease. Purpose: To analyze the prescription patterns of choline alfoscerate as a dementia treatment for patients with Alzheimer's disease and to analyze, as well as the factors affecting choline alfoscerate prescription. Method: The 2016 HIRA-NPS data was used in this study. The code of Alzheimer's dementia is F00 in the ICD-10 disease classification code. We analyzed the demographic, clinical, and regional characteristics associated with donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine, memantine, and choline alfoscerate prescriptions. All statistical and data analyse were conducted by SAS 9.4 and Excel. Results: For patients with Alzheimer's disease, choline alfoscerate was the second most prescribed after donepezil. Analysis results showed that choline alfoscerate was more likely to be prescribed to men than to women, and more likely to be prescribed by local health centers than by medical institutions. Moreover, choline alfoscerate was highly likely to be prescribed at neurosurgical departments, among medical departments. Conclusions: This study confirmed that choline alfoscerate was prescribed considerably for patients with Alzheimer's dementia. Further studies valuating its clinical validity should be performed to clarify whether choline alfoscerate prescription is appropriate for treating Alzheimer's dementia.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.75.1-75.7
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• 2022

Background: Since 2013, the number of requests for diagnosis for horses based on neurological symptoms has increased rapidly in South Korea. The affected horses have commonly exhibited symptoms of acute seasonal hindlimb ataxia. A previous study from 2015-2016 identified Setaria digitata as the causative agent. Objectives: This study is an epidemiological investigation to find out risk factors related to the rapid increase in hindlimb ataxia of horses due to aberrant parasites in South Korea. Methods: An epidemiological investigation was conducted on 155 cohabiting horses in 41 horse ranches where the disease occurred. The surrounding environment was investigated at the disease-causing horse ranches (n = 41) and 20, randomly selected, non-infected ranches. Results: Hindlimb ataxia was confirmed in nine cohabiting horses; this was presumed to be caused by ectopic parasitism. Environments that mosquitoes inhabit, such as paddy fields within 2 km and less than 0.5 km from a river, had the greatest association with disease occurrence. Conclusions: Most horse ranches in South Korea are situated in favorable environments for mosquitoes. Moreover, the number of mosquitoes in the country has increased since 2013 due to climate change. Additional research is required; however, these data show that it is necessary to establish guidelines for the use of anthelmintic agents based on local factors in South Korea and disinfection of the environment to prevent disease outbreaks.