• Atmosphere
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.97-109
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• 2008

The aerosol characteristics in terms of 4 different cases (Asian dust, fog, clear sky and cloud) which had happened at Anmyeon Island in April 2006 were studied using various measurements such as the Micro Pulse Lidar (MPL), sunphotometer, $\beta$-ray $PM_{10}$ Analyzer, anemoscope and anemometer. In addition, synoptic charts, back trajectory analyses and satellite images were also used to help characterize the aerosol events. The aerosol optical properties were featured by the Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) and ${\AA}ngstr\ddot{o}m$ exponent which were estimated by the sunphotometer. When Anmyeon Island was dominated by the Asian dust, the AOD was sharply increased as seven times as a yearly average of it (0.35). As compared with a yearly average of the ${\AA}ngstr\ddot{o}m$ exponent of 0.97, the ${\AA}ngstr\ddot{o}m$ exponent of a dust day was significantly low (0.099). In addition, $PM_{10}$ mass concentration showed an extremely high record. The maximum concentration reached $1790.5{\mu}gm^{-3}$ on 8 April 2006. The maximum mass concentration was shown with delay when the wind speed of $0ms^{-1}$ was observed. It was also found that a satellite image of the MODIS-RGB had a good agreement with the results of those measurements. It was shown that the MPL was able to describe effectively the vertical distribution of aerosol for all the cases. In particular, the MPL evidently captured the aerosol layer before the cloud observation. The aerosol layer was similarly described by the AOD. On a clear sky day, the AOD had not only a very low value (0.054) but also a feature of homogeneity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.49-56
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• 2020

In this study, we analyzed the sharpness of UAV-images using the gradient formula and produced a MATLAB GUI (Graphical User Interface)-based sharpness analysis tool for easy use. In order to verify the reliability of the proposed sharpness analysis method, sharpness values of the UAV-images measured by the proposed method were compared with those by measured the commercial software Metashape of the Agisoft. As a result of measuring the sharpness with both tools on 10 UAV-images, sharpness values themselves were different from each other for the same image. However, there was constant bias of 011 ~ 0.20 between two results, and then the same sharpness was obtained by eliminating this bias. This fact proved the reliability of the proposed sharpness analysis method in this study. In addition, in order to verify the practicality of the proposed sharpness analysis method, unsharp images were classified as low quality ones, and the quality of orthoimages was compared each other, which were generated included low quality images and excluded them. As a result, the quality of orthoimage including low quality images could not be analyzed due to blurring of the resolution target. However, the GSD (Ground Sample Distance) of orthoimage excluding low quality images was 3.2cm with a Bar target and 4.0cm with a Siemens star thanks to the clear resolution targets. It therefore demonstrates the practicality of the proposed sharpness analysis method in this study.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.441-447
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• 2023

Intravenous infusion therapy is a standard nursing procedure in medical institutions that provides patients with drugs, fluids, blood, and nutrients into the patient's mucus. It is mainly performed and managed by nurses. Additionally, it is an injection method that injects drugs directly into the blood vessels, and is used to achieve rapid results in emergency situations, and quick and accurate effects can be expected. Even experienced nurses through education and training often make mistakes, which can not only cause discomfort to patients but also cause various problems that threaten patient safety. Various studies are being conducted to reduce the pain caused by these mistakes. This paper acquired images of veins on the back of the hands of three subjects through an image detection device and conducted a study to derive an algorithm to provide clear vein images through image processing of the collected images. To sharpen the acquired vein images, existing algorithms Histogram Equalization, CLAHE, and Unsharp Masking were selected and combined. A histogram graph was used to compare images derived by applying individual algorithms and algorithm combinations to images. The histogram graph was checked by calculating the difference between the minimum and maximum values of distributed pixels and averaging them. The algorithm combination presented in this paper was 209.1, which was higher than the average values of individual algorithms of 138.7, 132.3, and 126.2, and it was confirmed that visibility was good even in actual images.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.46.1-46.1
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• 2015

M85 is a merger remnant galaxy in the Virgo Cluster, showing complex merging features. Globular clusters in M85 are a good tracer of its merging history. To investigate globular cluster system of M85, we obtain deep and wide field images of M85 in ugi filters covering one square degree using CFHT/MegaCam. We discover about 1,000 globular cluster candidates in these images. The color distribution of the globular cluster candidates within r < 5' from M85 does not show a clear bimodality and blue globular cluster candidates are more than red ones. These features are different from those in massive early-type galaxies. The spatial distribution of the globular cluster candidates is elongated along the faint stellar light of M85. We also investigate the spatial distribution of sub-populations of the globular cluster candidates with different color and brightness and estimate their ages based on their color. We discuss these results in relation with the formation history of M85.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.85-92
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• 2017

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are a new and yet constantly developing part of forest inventory studies and vegetation-monitoring fields. Covering large areas, their extensive usage has saved time and money for researchers and conservationists to survey vegetation for various data analyses. Post-processing imaging software has improved the effectiveness of UAVs further by providing 3D models for accurate visualization of the data. We focus on determining the coniferous tree coverage to show the current advantages and disadvantages of the orthorectified 2D and 3D models obtained from the image photogrammetry software, Pix4Dmapper Pro-Non-Commercial. We also examine the methodology used for mapping the study site, additionally investigating the spread of coniferous trees. The collected images were transformed into 2D black and white binary pixel images to calculate the coverage area of coniferous trees in the study site using MATLAB. The research was able to conclude that the 3D model was effective in perceiving the tree composition in the designated site, while the orthorectified 2D map is appropriate for the clear differentiation of coniferous and deciduous trees. In its conclusion, the paper will also be able to show how UAVs could be improved for future usability.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.38-46
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• 2010

The objective of this study is to find an educational method that is able to increase creativity using both left and right directed thinking with complementary cooperation. The premise of experimental study is that analogical inference is a great help to produce a creative design, and the design tasks of residential space are given to 20 students, voluntary participants in four experimental tests. The first test is conducted with fundamental conditions such as site or location, users and their design requirements. Other three tests make a clear distinction with three cases using verbal analogy from many keywords, using visual analogy from many images and using verbal visual analogy from keywords and visual images. Consequently, when students use both verbal and visual analogy in solving design tasks their creative ability qualitatively as well as quantitatively is higher than in using only verbal analogy or visual analogy. Further study will be progressed with the design tasks of residential space in order to have an effective verification by comparing students' design results classified into two groups. One is a control group that consists of sophomore students in a college and another is a comparison group that consists of sophomore students in an university.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.2667-2682
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• 2015

Due to the wide application of face recognition (FR) in information security, surveillance, access control and others, it has received significantly increased attention from both the academic and industrial communities during the past several decades. However, partial face occlusion is one of the most challenging problems in face recognition issue. In this paper, a novel method based on linear regression-based classification (LRC) algorithm is proposed to address this problem. After all images are downsampled and divided into several blocks, we exploit the evaluator of each block to determine the clear blocks of the test face image by using linear regression technique. Then, the remained uncontaminated blocks are utilized to partial occluded face recognition issue. Furthermore, an improved Distance-based Evidence Fusion approach is proposed to decide in favor of the class with average value of corresponding minimum distance. Since this occlusion removing process uses a simple linear regression approach, the completely computational cost approximately equals to LRC and much lower than sparse representation-based classification (SRC) and extended-SRC (eSRC). Based on the experimental results on both AR face database and extended Yale B face database, it demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method on issue of partial occluded face recognition and the performance is satisfactory. Through the comparison with the conventional methods (eigenface+NN, fisherfaces+NN) and the state-of-the-art methods (LRC, SRC and eSRC), the proposed method shows better performance and robustness.

• Journal of Game and Entertainment
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.35-44
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• 2006

Objective of this study is to develop a 3D car navigation system that shows the driving direction to a destination through real-time 3-D panoramic views of the route. For the purpose, a new searching process was established to find the optimal driving direction based on the driver's current location and the real-time traffic situation and the TIP (tour into the picture) method was extended to implement a wide virtual environment. A virtual environment was built up by applying the extended TIP method to the panoramic images taken at a constant distance from a real road, and then, displayed 3-D navigation as clear as the real images. The car navigation system developed in this study provides the optimal driving direction and real-time traffic situation using 2-D navigation module and 3D navigation module.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.44 no.3 s.357
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• pp.65-71
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• 2007

We propose a pixel-level automatic calibration circuit scheme that initializes a capacitive fingerprint sensor LSI to eliminate the influence of the surface condition and environment, which is degraded by dirt during long-time use, process variation and ambient temperature. The sample chip is fabricated on $0.35{\mu}m$ standard CMOS process. The calibration is executed by optimizing the reference voltage in each pixel to make the sensor signals of all pixels the same. The calibration control circuit is composed of the sensing circuit and charge pumping circuit, and calibrates all pixels in a short time. 16-level gray scale fingerprint images can be captured to increase the accuracy of identification. This confirms that the scheme is effective for capturing consistent clear images during long-time use.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.117-126
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• 2010

In order to obtain more clear x-ray images, an antiscatter grid, which can absorb the scattered rays, is employed. In the high-resolution direct digital radiography, however, the artifacts due to the grid are visible. In this paper, the grid artifacts are reduced by applying simple 1-dimensional low-pass filters in the spatial domain based on the rotated grid. Since the proposed algorithm does not use any detection scheme for the artifact frequencies and discrete Fourier transforms for 2-dimensional filters, it can simply and fast reduce the grid artifacts. The performance using the order 1 average filter is compatible to that of using 2-dimensional filters in the frequency domain.