• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.29-40
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• 2008

This study clarified the classifications of Vietnamese traditional patterns and analyzed the symbolic meanings that reflect the emotional and cultural background of the Vietnamese. The type and symbolism of Vietnamese traditional patterns were analyzed through research on the history of Vietnamese costumes, the history of Vietnamese arts, the history of Vietnamese traditional culture, and a Vietnamese museum survey. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Animal patterns are diverse and include dragons, unicorns, tortoises, phoenixes, cranes, lions, bats, tigers, and buffalo patterns. 2. Dragon patterns are the most utilized pattern for practical purposes. They are often used in royal costumes, Vietnamese traditional dresses, mandarin boots, bamboo fans, silk, satin, ceramics, and other detailed decorations. 3. The patterns symbolized fortune that meant good luck and longevity so people can live long and happy. Then the symbolic meanings of patterns were followed by prosperity, nobleness, apotropism, prolificacy, and wealth. 4. Since the most of animal patterns have symbolic meanings of fortune and longevity, animal patterns can be utilized as the source of traditional patterns of design inspiration for the development of Vietnamese modern patterns and the application on Vietnamese fashion products.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.775-781
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• 2012

There are various kinds of patterns on Li brocade textile of Hainan province in China. Those patterns are rich and colorful. Li (黎族) traditional brocade is an ancient exquisite craftsmanship and a world cultural heritage. This study analyzed and categorized Li brocade pattern of traditional Chinese textiles. Li (黎族) traditional brocade is an ancient exquisite craftsmanship. Based on the research of classifications of Li brocade patterns, expound the application of women's costume. The patterns of Li brocade textile of Hainan province analyzed through three levels: design transforming, meaning prolongation, and refining spirit. The patterns were explored the feasibility way to inherit the patterns of Li brocade for the modern fashion product design. The results showed that Li brocade textile pattern of Hainan province were images sourced from local environment and geographical terrain. They contained the nation's history memory, religion, hope for life of the Li nationality. Those patterns can be categorized as human figure pattern, animal pattern, geometric pattern, appliance or architecture pattern, and Chinese character pattern.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of ACRS 2003 ISRS
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• pp.1239-1241
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• 2003

This paper presents the results of Landsat-TM imagery applications for detecting spatial variations of the water environments in the Saemankeum (STLR) project areas. The simulated tidal flow patterns from a two -dimensional hydro - dynamic model and water quality data from STRL project were used for relationships with the satellite data. Unsupervised classification of the tidal water body reflects the overall flow patterns at a flooding tide. Regressive equations for water quality parameters were derived and used for supervised classifications. The results were found to be useful to synoptically evaluate the water environments during the construction stages of the STLR project.

• 복식
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• 제63권5호
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• pp.115-131
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• 2013

Dries Van Noten, one of the Antwerp Six, focused on recreating traditional attire from each region to complex contemporary attire and has shown designs that interpreted ethnic image in contemporary perspective from his very first collection. He has positioned himself as a designer with creative expression of ethnic image through broad use of various patterns. This paper analyze the use of pattern in Dries Van Noten's designs by season and item, and reflects on the characteristics of pattern use and influence on fashion image. Total of 887 clothing items were collected from Noten's collections on the Internet. Through analysis of frequency and percentage and cross tab of expression techniques, types, patterns of each motif, and classifications of print combinations, it was shown that Noten has applied six aesthetic rules in the use of pattern design. Pattern played the most significant role in his design. It was possible to achieve the balance of ethnic image and modern image with the mix of flower and abstract motives. Overall pattern was mostly used for practical purpose: border patterns and spaced patterns played a vital role in rendering uniqueness. Noten exhibited unity and variation in combining prints. He expressed the beauty of Oriental style by inserting solid color blocks in between patterns and decorations along trim lines.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.86-94
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• 2010

Art-Wall is the term for a surface wall representing artistic expression by using different materials or images in interior spaces. Usually this is the focal point in an interior space and sometimes it called as an image wall. In the new millenium Art-walls began to use in living spaces. While in the early stages of the development, Art-Wall was limited in a living room, in contemporary it spread into overall living spaces using various patterns and materials. Therefore, the research on Art-Walls in contemporary living spaces is essential to understand this development. The purpose of this study is to find out characteristics of patterns on Art-Walls as an imagery element in contemporary interior spaces. To analyze the characteristic, the analysis table for Art-Walls are constructed based on classifications of wallpapers and textiles. Based on this analysis table, 89 examples of Art-Walls from four major periodicals from 2008 to 2009 were examined. As a result of the analysis, in contemporary interior spaces solid-texture pattern is most frequently appeared. Then natural motifs are the next most popular using oversized or irregular layouts. The result shows that naturalistic expression is significant in interior space in 2008 to 2009. Therefore, Art-Walls that adapted diverse patterns are an essential element in contemporary interiors to represent the major concept of the space.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.255-263
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• 2006

This research analyze the demand of the residents against the public housing remodeling of national housing scale $(85m^2)$, focusing on residents and their tendencies within their dwelling spaces. The analysis determines the most appropriate patterns and spatial connections within the floor plan. The result includes that there are two types of the classification into an urban oriented propensity (45%), 'The center of city, the apartment and the convenience' etc, and a rural oriented propensity (55%), 'The pastoral, the house and the circumstance' etc, based on their lifestyle values. Also there are three interior propensity classifications, those tending to warm and sensitive variable space (42%), western and gorgeous dynamic space (34%) and oriental and popular static space (24%). The research illustrated the residents' desired space planning options, based on the analysis of the residents' preference patterns which is various.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.241-250
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to categorize lifestyle patterns and to define the characteristics of the lifestyle of middle class residents in Seoul. Questionnaires were administered to 1572 homemakers in Seoul. Statistics with the SPSS software package for factor analysis and F-test was used. The results showed that the type of car which the residents owned was a major indicator to classify SEC(Socio Economic Class). The middle class was categorized into four groups which were relevant classifications based on determining indicators obtained from previous studies: the lower middle class which owned a Tico was classified into the Economy Concerned Lifestyle category the middle class which owned an Elantra was classified into the Health Concerned and Hobby Oriented Lifestyle category the upper middle calss which owned a Sonata was classified into the Interior Design and fashion Oriented Lifestyle category and the lower upper class which owned a Grandeur was classified into the Hobby and Fashion oriented Lifestyle category.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.123-138
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to describe perimenstrual symptom severity levels and perimenstrual distress patterns of women. The study performed the discriminant analysis in which included seven factors : age, pariety, social support, menstrual socialization(mother's symptom, sister's symptom, and menstrual effect), attitude of sex role and depression. The subjects were 283 women that they were not pregnant or lactating, had at least one period in past three months, would understand the purpose of study and willingly accepted the participation. The data analysis was done by pc-SAS program after data collection from Nov. 20, 1997 to Dec. 18, 1997. The descriptive analysis was done to explore general characteristics of the subjects and the stepwise discriminant analysis was done to verify factors in relation to perimenstrual symptom severity levels(severe vs mild menstrual symptom group) and perimenstrual distress patterns(spasmodic vs congestive menstrual symptom group). The instruments were selected for this study from Interpersonal Support Evaluation List(ISEL) by Cohen and Hoberman(1983), Center for Epidemic Studies Depression(CES-D) by Radloff(1977), and Sex Role Attitude Scale by Yunok Suh(1995), Mother's symptom and sister's symptom measurements by Woods, Mitchell & Lentz(1995), and menstrual effect by Brooks-Gun & Ruble(1980). The major findings of this study are as follows : 1. Of the 283 women, 93 women(32.9%) were assessed to severe perimenstrual symptom group and 190 women(67.1%) were assessed to mild perimenstrual symptom group. Results from the stepwise discriminant analysis showed three factors, such as depression, menstrual effect, and age, significantly related to perimenstrual symptom severity and they explained 20% of the total variance. The linear discriminant equation included three factors related to perimenstrual symptom groups was showed(Z=1.445 depression+0.174 menstrual effect-0.054 age). The cutting score(Z) was 2.809. We classified the severe perimenstrual symptom group by more than the cutting score 2.809 and the mild perimenstrual symptom by less or equal than the cutting score 2.809. The correctedness of posterior probability from discriminant equation was 72% as two perimenstrual symptom group classifications. 2. Of the 264 women, 139 women(52.7%) were assessed to spasmodic perimenstrual distress group and women(47.3%) were assessed to congestive perimenstrual distress group. Results from the stepwise discriminant analysis showed two factors, such as depression, age, significantly related to perimenstrual distress groups and they explained 8% of the total variance. The linear discriminant equation included two factors related to perimenstrual distress group was showed(Z=-0.084 age-0.776 depression). The cutting score(Z) was -3.759. We classified the spasmodic perimenstrual distress group by more than cutting score -3.759 and the congestive perimenstrual distress group by less or equal than cutting score -3.759. The correctedness of posterior probability from discriminant equation was 65% as two perimenstrual distress group classifications.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.22-33
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• 1997

본 연구는 반응성 애착 장애 아동(Reactive Attachment Disorder, 이하 ‘RAD’)의 혼란된 부모-아동 관계를 애착이론의 입장에서 체계적으로 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 1994년 8월에서 1995년8월 사이 소아정신과에 내원한 RAD 아동과 어머니 20쌍과 비교집단으로 정상 아동과 어머니 20쌍을 대상으로, 아동에 대한 내적 실행 모델 면접(Working Model of Child Interview, 1986)과 낯선 상황 절차(Strange Situation Procedure, 1978), 부모-아동 상호작용 척도(Dyadic Parent-child Interaction Coding Scales, 1983)을 실시하여 어머니의 아동에 대한 내적 표상과 어머니의 내적 표상 유형과 아동의 애착 유형과의 관계, 내적 표상 유형에 따른 어머니-아동 상호작용 양상을 살펴보았다. 1) 대상 어머니들을 3가지 내적 표상 유형으로 분류해 본 결과, 비교 집단 어머니는 모두 균형된 표상으로 분류되었고 RAD 집단 어머니는 비개입된 표상(55%), 왜곡된 표상(45%)으로 분류되었다. 2) 어머니의 아동에 대한 내적 표상 유형은 아동의 애착 유형과 체계적으로 연관되었다. 균형된 표상의 어머니의 아동은 모두 안정 애착이었고 비개입된 표상 어머니의 82%는 그 아동이 불안/회피 애착으로 분류되었고 왜곡된 표상 어머니는 56%가 그 아동이 비조직/비일관 애착, 33%는 불안/저항 애착으로 분류되었다. 3) 어머니-아동 상호작용에서, 비개입된 표상의 어머니는 아동 중심 놀이에서 균형된 표상의 어머니에 비해 묘사적 진술, 반영적 진술, 묘사/반영적 질문을 적게 사용하였고 왜곡된 표상의 어머니는 균형된 표상의 어머니에 비해 직접 명령과 간접 명령을 많이 사용하였다. 장난감 정리하기 과제에서 비개입된 표상과 왜곡된 표상의 어머니는 균형된 표상의 어머니보다 직접명령, 간접명령을 더 많이 사용하였다. 위의 결과를 통해서 볼 때, 어머니의 아동에 대한 내적 실행 모델은 아동과의 애착 관계와 어머니-아동 상호작용에 중요한 요인으로서 혼란된 어머니-아동 관계를 이해하는데 효율적인 접근을 제공하며 아동에 대한 치료적 개입에 유용한 정보를 제공해 줄 것으로 생각된다.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.261-267
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• 2017

Purpose: Analyzing different patterns of maxillary sinus septa in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images and predicting maxillary sinus membrane perforations. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, CBCT images of 222 patients ranging from 20 to 81 years old were evaluated. One hundred fifty-two patients (93 females and 59 males) who had maxillary sinus septa in axial views were included in this study. Cross-sectional images were used to determine classifications of sinus septa and the risk of membrane perforation using a method modified from Al-Faraje et al. Variables of sex, age, and dental status were considered. Chi-squared and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for data analysis(P<.05). Results: In this study, 265 maxillary sinus septal patterns were found. The mean age of the patients was $44.1{\pm}14.7$ years old. The Class I and VII-div II patterns had the greatest and least prevalence, respectively. Furthermore, there was a significant relationship between the location of septa and the frequency of membrane perforation risk (P<.05). In this study, the relationship of different patterns of septa with dental status did not differ significantly (P>0.05). Conclusion: A higher prevalence of moderate risk of membrane perforation in the molar region relative to the premolar region was observed. Furthermore, maxillary sinus septa occur most frequently in the molar region, demonstrating the importance of paying attention to this region during sinus lift surgery. This study did not show any relationship between tooth loss and the presence of septa.