• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2016

한반도의 약 70% 이상을 차지하고 있는 산지는 많은 산들과 산맥으로 이루어져 있으며, 산맥들은 대기환경에 큰 영향을 준다. 산맥의 분류조사는 1900-1902년 일본학자에 의거 수행 된 후, 현재 산맥의 이름이 매우 많고 혼선이 되고 있다. 본 연구는 기존의 산맥 이름과 그 분류를 간단히 하여 사회적 교육적 활용에 가치를 두고 있다. 먼저, 중국의 만주로부터 (대)한반도까지 주축을 이루는 세계적인 제2차 중규모산맥을 단일 이름인 고려산맥으로 명명하였다. 그리고, 고려산맥에 수반되는 지역적인 제3차 산맥들은 지린(길림)산맥, 함경산맥, 태백산맥, 소백산맥으로 분류하고, 그 다음 제4차 산맥은 랴오닝산맥, 옌볜(연변)산맥, 함북산맥, 평북산맥, 황해산맥, 차령산맥, 경상산맥, 남해산맥 등 8개의 중소 산맥으로 분류 하였다. 일반적으로 한반도의 산맥들은 지구규모 대순환의 영향을 지속적으로 받고 있다. 산맥의 풍상과 풍하 측에서 발생하는 공기환경적인 변화에 따라, 인간과 생태계에 주는 대기환경의 영향평가와 그 감시의 필요성을 강조하였다.

• 한국지형학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.63-76
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• 2017

This research was classified mountain areas with high ecological, environmental and resource value among the macro scaled terrain that can be checked at the space scale of less than 1:1,000,000 and analyzed the topographical characteristics. It has been confirmed that the mountains of the Korean peninsula belong to the groups IV, V, VI(classification by Kapos et al.(2000)) as a result of applying the quantitative standards for designation of mountain areas to the global mountain system. The area of mountains calculated using high resolution DEM is equivalent to 48% of the area of the Korean peninsula, and the result is quite different from the general idea of which 70% is the mountain area of the Korean peninsula. The mountain areas show the distribution of geomorphons, that is different from the plains and the hills and also, it shows the differences between the mountains of the groups IV~ VI classified according to the altitude. As a result of analyzing the relations among type pattern, slope, and relief, specific geomorphons are concentrated at $10^{\circ}$ and $20^{\circ}$ and it shows the possibility to classify the mountainous areas into two groups based on the result that the distribution of landform patterns are bimodal in the relation to the amount of relief.

• 한국지형학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2010

실험지역으로 선정된 거제도와 남해도에 대해 Yamada(1999)의 산치차수구분을 시도해 보았으며, 그 결과를 바탕으로 산지차수구분을 남한 전 지역에 확대·적용하였다. 남한 지역의 최고 산지차수는 5차수였는데, 설악·태백산지, 지리·덕유산지, 영남알프스산지 모두 3곳으로 확인되었다. 4차수 산지는 10곳, 3차수 산지는 87곳에 나타난다. 5차수 산지는 대략 한반도의 융기축과 관련이 있는 것으로 판단되며, 4차수와 3차수 산지의 분포는 2차산맥과 같은 북동-남서의 방향성을 지니고 있다. 한편 하천차수법칙과 마찬가지로 차수별 산지 개수, 면적, 비고의 로그함수 값이 차수에 대해 선형관계를 이루고 있다. 차수별로 구분된 산지 중에서 기존의 산맥체계에서 고려하지 않은 산체들을 확인할 수 있었는데, 이들은 한반도의 지체구조를 보다 자세하게 이해하는 근거로 활용될 수 있다. 국립공원 및 도립공원은 대부분 5, 4, 3차수 산지에 분포하고 있다. 특히 속리산국립공원이 남한 지역의 대표적인 두 산체인 지리·덕유산지와 설악·태백산지를 연결하는 생태축의 중요한 연결고리 역할을 하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 이는 산치차수구분법이 지니고 있는 지형학적 의미뿐만 아니라 실용적 가치를 시사해준다.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.115-133
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• 2011

야마다의 산지차수구분법은 상향식으로 정의할 수 있는데, 이는 저차수 산지들이 모여 점차 차상위차수 산지를 이룸과 동시에 산지의 영역과 규모가 확대되기 때문이다. 하지만 산지를 총체적으로 이해하고 각종 산지 정보를 체계적으로 관리하기 위해서는, 특정 규모의 산지를 이루는데 기여한 차하위차수 산지만을 강조하는 야마다의 산지구분법에는 한계가 있다. 왜냐하면 상위차수 산지내에는 차하위차수 산지뿐만 아니라 독립된 차차하위, 차차차하위 산지도 포함되어 있기 때문이다. 이와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위해 본 연구에서 제시된 산지분류법은 기본적으로 하향식이다. 여기서 하향식이란 최고위차수 산지를 구성하는 차하위차수 산지, 다시 이를 구성하는 차차하위차수 산지로 산지를 세분해나가 최종적으로 2차수 산지를 구성하고 있는 1차수 산지까지 분류해 나가는 것을 의미한다. 본 연구에서는 야마다 산지차수구분법을 근간으로 특정 산체를 구성하고 있는 모든 산지 요소를 체계적으로 분류하고 구분된 산지에 대한 새로운 명명법을 제시함으로써 산지정보의 종합적 체계적 관리를 위한 데이터베이스의 근간을 마련했다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.12-23
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• 2001

The research focused on the landscape of mountains and hills drawn in a landscape picture. The purpose of the research is to classify patterns of landscape drawning in landscape pictures and to clarify the characteristics of the pattern by a quantitative index. We selected 21 landscape pictures to understand the Landscape Setting Here(LSH) and Landscape Setting These(LST). We investigated size quantitative indices using 1 landscape picture. The index is a follow: altitude, Visual Distance, Angles, Angle of Appearance Size, Inclination, and Angle of Incidence. The following results were obtained by using this data. 1) It has been understood that we offer an important city view because the LSH of this research can establish understanding of the city structure. 2) We dividing 3 patterns by the LST space drawn in the landscape picture. 3 patterns are Ferry point, Beauty point, an Signal-fire point. 3) We clarified the landscape characteristics of each pattern and the characteristics between patterns by using the index according to this pattern. 4) We understood the problem concerning the Seoul city landscape examining the pattern of this research with the ordinance of Seoul city. It is necessary to standardized a system of pattern classification utilized in landscape pictures to establish a universally interpreted detailed quantitative index, which can be applied to research.

• 동굴
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• 제68호
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• pp.99-120
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• 2005

It is a wrong decision to use only topographic and geological maps for the study of pediment morphology in Korea. For the study of pediment morphology it is necessary to survey the earth structure by field techniques. In Korea, pediments are mostly found in granite areas with hardrock cover. But, pediments also developed in gneiss areas and what is worse in limestone areas. So, all areas in Korea developed pediment morphology. Only in South Korea pediments show a direction from south to north or from west to east. They developed only in right angles to each other, either parallel or in right angles to the strike, depending on the bedrock structure. Pediments are found in two levels. The upper level pediments are correlated with the lower level erosion surface. Besides this pediments are found in Hoenggye-ri of the Taegwolryong area in a third level 800m above sea level. The pediments developed in basins, at the lower margins of steep slopes dividing three levels of erosion surfaces and around the residual mountains on the erosion surfaces. The first belong to the early stage of pedimentation, the second to the middle stage and the third to the last stage. Also, in Korea monadnock and residual mountain have developed the pediments are correlated the slope of the hinter mountains. Akagki states that the only pedimentation times have been times of arid climate and that they are dissected by gulley erosion with climatic change, but writer's study proves that pedimentation takes place with eustatic movement, reckless defore-station and convectional rain. These facts indicate that the landforms, geological character and process of erosional cycle of the pediments in Korea resemble much those in the Chugoku Mountains of south wertern Japan, but they are larger in scale than those in the Chugoku Mountains. In conclusion, while Akagki emphasizes the geological character and climatic change in pedimentation, the writer studies prove that eustatic movements, especially the sea level rise after the Wurm age are important factors for pedimentation. Besides this the author's studies allow a classification of gentle slopes.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제19권
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• pp.155-162
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• 1999

In the last few years the automatic classification of morpholgical landforms using GSIS and DEM was investigated. Particular emphasis has been put on the morphological point attribute approaches and the extraction of drainage basin variables from digital elevation models. The automated derivation of landforms has become a neccessity for quantitative analysis in geomorphology. Furthermore, the application of GSIS technologies has become an important tool for data management and numerical data analysis for purpose of geomorphological mapping. A process developed by Dikau et al, which automates Hanmond's manual process, was applied to the pyoung chang of the kangwon. Although it produced a classification that has good resemblance to the landforms in the area, it had some problems. For example, it produced a progressive zonation when landform changes from plains to mountains, it does not distinguish open valleys from a plains mountain interface, and it was affected by micro relief. Although automating existing quantitative manual processes is an important step in the evolution automation, definition may need to be calibrated since the attributes are oftem measured differently. A new process is presented that partly solves these problems.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.77-83
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 정부차원에서 충남 연기군 일대에 추진되고 있는 행정중심복합도시 대상지역($132\;km^2$)에 대하여 재해대책을 위한 토지피복 분류 및 식생활력도(NDVI) 평가를 시도하였다. 활용한 영상은 아리랑 2호, LANDSAT, Aster 영상이며 해상도에 따른 분류의 한계를 비교, 평가하였다. 대상지역은 주로 산지와 논과 밭 등의 경작지이므로 특히 논과 밭의 분류에 주의를 기울였다. 아리랑2호 영상의 분류에 있어서는 고해상영상 분류를 위한 세그먼테이션 기법을 적용하였다. 분류의 정확도를 평가하기 위해 표본적으로 현장조사를 실시하여 검사하였으며 국가 토지이용도 및 토지대장의 지목과 비교하였다. 얻어진 결과는 shape file의 형태로 주제도를 완성하였으며 이는 행정중심복합도시의 미래지향적 개발계획을 위한 정책결정에 많은 도움이 될 것이다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.93-100
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• 2003

In most mountainous parts of the temperate zone of Japan along the Pacific Ocean, some climatic climax forests, whose main dominant species is Fagus crenate, F. japonica or Quercus mongolica var. grosseserrata, are distributed. In the riparian regions of the zone, however, there appear summer green forests composed of the different species from the climatic climax forests. Climate plays an important role in determining the overall distribution of vegetation, but some environmental factors, i.e., topography, soil type, soil moisture content, etc. have a great influence on vegetation formation. Riparian forests seem to be controlled by various geomorphologic disturbances, such as landslide, soil erosion and accumulation. The study aims to present the relationships among vegetation, soils and landforms in the process of determining riparian forests dominated by Fraxinus platypoda and Pterocarya rhoifolia establishment in the mountainous region of central Japan. The study area extends an area of 302 ha with a range of elevation between 925 m and 1,681 m at the Chichibu mountains. The landforms were corditied at sampling grids (25 $\times$ 25 m, n = 4,843) using a hierarchical system, and a brief description of the forest soil classification was also given. The mutual relationship analysis indicated that forest soils and landforms play a significant role in determining the geomorphological process of riparian forest, and shaping the ultimate pattern of vegetation. At the study area, riparian forests were mainly found on the $B_E$ forest soil type and steep slopes ( > 30$^{\circ}$) at convex slopes along the streams. On the other hand, the direction of slopes did not have a significant impact on the establishment of the riparian forests. A mosaic of patchy distribution of those riparian forests on the slightly wetter $B_E$ forest soil type was one of the characteristic features of the study area. This particular soil which contained large talus gravels was found on the land formed by erosion and deposition of landslide.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.79-87
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• 2007

The objective of this study was to delineate forest patches in the cities around the Geum-buk mountains at the north of the Geum River using multiplesatellite remote sensing data. Landsat visible and near-infrared satellite images obtained at multiple dates in the growing season were used to create a forest distribution map. Fragstats 3.3 was used to get the landscape indices delineating the distribution of forest patches. Additional ground truth data was used to assess the accuracy of the classification. Factor analysis was used to get the 26 landscape indices clustered into 4 factors. Factor I was labeled as' size of forest patches', factor II as 'fragmentation of forest patches', factor III as 'shape of forest patches', and factor IV as 'complexity of forest patches'. Factor I described large patches and their core area, while others did small patches and their shape and complexity. Cities including Cheonan, Gongju, Cheongyang, and Boryeong near the main ridge of the Geumbuk Mtns. had a small number of large-sized forest patches. However, cities including Taean, Seosan, Dangjin, Hongseong near the ridge of the western Geumbuk Mtns. had a large number of small-sized forest patches. Finally, this study showed that the region near the coast line in Chung-nam province has various types of forest patches having an irregular forest edge due to the elevation and slope lower than the one of the region far from the coast line which is near the ridge of the Geum-buk Mountains. Remote sensing data were useful to understand the distribution of forest patches, and landscape indices could be keys to delineate the relationship between forest patches. And the factor analysis, which simplified 26 landscape indices into 4 landscape patterns allowed us to understand the distribution and relationship of forest patches in an easy way.