• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.129-146
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• 2004

From the study of Prescription on mammary diseases, the following conclusions are obtained. 1. The Lurosan (漏蘆散), Jechetang (猪蹄湯), Tongyutang (湧泉散) are often used for galactostasis in Prescription. The classification of prescription by efficacy is Chungyelyak(淸熱解毒藥), Lisuyak (利尿通淋藥), Hwalyelyak(活血祛瘀藥), etc. and the frequency of used medicines is Luro(漏蘆),Tongcho(通草),Jejo(제조), Chensangab(穿山甲),etc.. 2. The Makyajeon(麥芽煎), Sipjeondaebotang(十全大補湯) are often used for galactorrhea in Prescription. The classification of prescription by efficacy is Bogiyak(補氣藥), Bohelyak(補血藥), Sosikyak (消食藥), etc., and the frequency of used medicines is Insam (人蔘), Dangggwi(當歸), Makya(麥芽),etc.. 3. The Jogaksan(조角散), Gwarusan(瓜蔞散) are often used for mammary abscess in Prescription. The classification of prescription by efficacy is Hwalyelyak(活血祛瘀藥), Chunghwaye1damyak(淸化熱痰藥), Ligiyak(理氣藥), etc., and the frequency of used medicines is Jogakja(조角刺), Sahyang(麝香), Chongpee(靑皮),etc.. 4. The Yengyotang(連翹湯), Makyatang(麥芽湯), Lyengpayujagenbang(令敗乳自退方)are often used for distending pain of the breast due to galactostasis in Prescription. The classification of prescription by efficacy is Chungyelhaedokyak(淸熱解毒藥), Chunghwayeldamyak(淸化熱痰藥)etc., and the frequency of used medicines is Yengyo(連翹), Gwaru (瓜樓),etc.. 5. The Gwarusan (瓜蔞散), Danchungpitang(單靑皮湯), Yengyotang(連翹湯), Gamisoyosan(加味逍 遙散)are often used for mammay abscess in Prescription. The classification of prescription by efficacy is Chunghwayeldamyak(淸化熱痰藥), Hwalyelgeoyak(活血祛瘀藥), Chungyelyak(淸熱解毒藥),etc., and the frequency of used medicines is Jogakja(조角刺), Yengyo(連翹), Chongpee(靑皮),etc.. 6. The Sipyukmi1yugium(十六味流氣飮), Chungpitang(靑皮湯)are often used for breast carcinoma in Prescription. The classification of prescription by efficacy is Hwalyelyak(活血祛瘀藥), Ligiyak(理氣藥)etc., and the frequency of used medicines is Doyin(桃仁), Jogakja, Chongpee(靑皮), Jagak(枳殼),etc.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.1 s.61
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• pp.59-70
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• 2005

Objective: Tumor necrosis factor-a $(TNF-{\alpha})$, a potent immuno-modulator and pro-inflammatory cytokine, has been implicated in many pathological processes. In this study, the author examined whether promoter region polymorphism in the $TNF-{\alpha}$a gene at position-308 affect the odds of cerebral infarction (CI) and whether genetic risk is enhanced by sasang constitutional classification. Methods: 212 CI patients and 610 healthy controls were genotyped and determined according to sasang constitutional classification. The amplified genotypes were analyzed on $8\%$ polyacrylamide gel. The alleles were visualized by ethidium bromide staining. Primers for $TNF-{\alpha}$ were designed to incorporate a polymorphic site at a position -308 bp of the $TNF-{\alpha}$ gene into an NcoI restriction site. Restriction digests generated products of 87 and 20 bp for G allele and 107 bp for A allele. Results : A significant decrease was found for the $TNF-{\alpha}$ A allele in CI patients compared with controls (P=0.033, odds ratio, O.R.: 0.622). However, there was no significant association between $TNF-{\alpha}$ polymorphism and sasang constitution in CI patients. Conclusion: My finding suggests that $TNF-{\alpha}$promoter region polymorphism is responsible for susceptibility to CI in Koreans.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.39-50
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• 2011

In western, aromatherapy uses essential oils to prevent and treat disease, and is one of the ways to stay healthy. In oriental medicine, there was also a similar medical treatment using aromatic herbs for a long ago. The exisiting research of oriental medical herbs is mainly focused on the theory of qi and flavor(氣味論). But on aromatherapy used with aromatic herbs, it is necessary to study the aromatic herbs by aroma. So "xi$\bar{a}$ng p$\check{u}$, 香譜" and "b$\check{e}$n c$\check{a}$o g$\bar{a}$ng m$\grave{u}$, 本草綱目" mainly contain the study about clinical effects of aromatic herbs. And "b$\check{e}$n c$\check{a}$o p$\check{i}$n hu$\grave{i}$ j$\bar{i}$ng y$\grave{a}$o, 本草品彙精要"mainly explains the effects of medical herbs with five aroma classification of x$\bar{i}$ng(腥), sh$\bar{a}$n(膻), xi$\bar{a}$ng(香), ch$\grave{o}$u(臭), xi$\check{u}$(朽). The former one makes more clinical uses of medical herbs, and the latter one grows up the theory of medical herbs. This study is expected to have a good influence on aromatherapy and classification of oriental medical herbs.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.161-169
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• 2006

Objectives : Patients who visit oriental medical hospital for growth treatment are increasing. So we aimed to classify the tendency of the patients. Methods : We studied 231 patients who visited Oriental medical hospital for growth treatment from January 2004 to August 2005. We classified sex ratio, height percentile, symptom form of the Oriental medicine, age ratio and developed complication of patients. We used X-ray, endoscope for nasal cavity, blood sample, the Standard Growth Table made by the Korean Association of Pediatrics, 1998. Results : The results which were classified as follows; boys were 50.2 percentile, girls were 49.8 percentile. The classification according to age stage resulted as follows; infant stage 1.3 percentile, preschool age 13.4%, school age 28.6%, rapid growth stage 22.9 percentile, puberty 33.8 percentile. The classification according to height percentile resulted as follows; 3 percentile or under 12.1%, 25 percentile or under 48.9%, 50 percentile or under 25.6%, 75 percentile or under 10.8%, 75 percentile excess 2.6%. The classification according to disease resulted as follows; paranasal sinusitis 12.1 percentile, allergic rhinitis 10 percentile, atopic dermatitis 5.6 percentile, nocturia 3 percentile, convulsion or tic disorder 2.2 percentile, precocious puberty 1.3 percentile, Tuner syndrome 0.9 percentile, developmental disability 0.4 percentile. Conclusions : Sex ratio of children patients who visited Orienatal medical hospital were nearly the same. 13.4% of hospital visit children patients were taller than average. Most of the male children patients were school ages while the female were in puberty. 35.5% of them have developed complication as follows; paranasal sinusitis, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, nocturia, convulsion or tic disorder, precocious puberty, Tuner syndrome and developmental disability.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.802-816
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• 1999

The purposes of this research were to identify nursing interventions performed by Korean nurses and to compare the interventions performed by nurses working in the oriental medicine hospitals and with those performed by nurses working in the general hospitals. The samples consisted of 144 Korean nurses working in three hospitals, 70 nurses working in the oriental medicine hospitals and 74 nurses working in the general hospitals. The Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) Use Questionnaire developed by the Iowa Intervention Project team was translated to Korean and verified using the method of back-translation. The questionnaire consists of 433 intervention labels and definition. Thirteen interventions were used at least daily by nurses working in the oriental medicine hospitals, while twenty-one interventions were used at least daily by nurses working in the general hospitals. The most frequently used interventions by nurses working in the oriental medicine hospitals were Documentation, Shift Report Vital Signs Monitoring, Pressure Ulcer Prevention, Positioning, Fall Prevention, Exercise Promotion, Intravenous (IV) Therapy, Pressure Ulcer care, and Bed Rest Care in that crder. For nurses working in the general hospitals the most frequent intervention was Analgesic Administration, followed by the interventions of Medication Administration : Parenteral and Intravenous Therapy (IV) Therapy, Documentation, Intravenous(IV) Insertion, Shift Report, Fall Prevention, Vital Signs Monitoring, Medication Adnninistraction : and, Fluid Monitoring, and Medication Maragement in that order. The interventions performed least often by nurses working in the oriental medicine hospitals were Hemodialysis Therapy and Bleeding Reduction : Antepartum Uterus, while the interventions performed least often by nurses working in the general hospitals were Rape Trauma Treatment and Contact Lens Care. The nurses working in the oriental medicine hospitals performed the interventions in the Physiological : Complex domain significantly more often than the nurses working in the general hospitals, while the nurses working in the general hospitals performed the intervention in the Behavior domain significantly more often than the nurses working in the oriental medicine hospitals. This study suggests that further study will be needed to developed and validate more interventions sensitive to Korean culture.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.67-74
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• 2010

1. Objectives: The research papers published by researchers in other fields except Oriental medicine were analyzed to study the research trends and characteristic of Sasang Constitutional medicine. 2. Methods: Systematic searches were performed on KISS, RISS, KISTI and DBPIA and finally 123 papers were selected. The publication year, research field of the first author, title's characteristic, research topic and the classification method of Sasang Constitution were investigated. 3. Results and conclusions: 1) In the analysis of publication year, the number of studies on Sasang Constitution has increased dramatically since 2000. 2) In the analysis of the first author's research field, physical training, nursing, engineering and food and nutrition were the majority. 3) In the analysis of the research topic, the classification method of Sasang Constitution was the majority. 4) In the analysis of the classification method of Sasang Constitution, QSCC II was the most popular method accounted for 68% and interview by specialist of Sasang Constitutional medicine accounted for 42%.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.51-57
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• 2008

1. Objective This study aims to establish the concept and classification of the Janggyeol(藏結) pathology introduced in the Sasang Constitutional Medicine literature. 2. Methods Different editions of Dongui suse bowon, including the Gabo version and the Sinchuk version, were compared for differences and similarities in the concept, symptomology, pathology, and therapeutics concerning the Soeumin Janggyeol disease. 3. Results and Conclusion (1) In the Gabo edition, Janggyeol(藏結) is introduced in the "Soeumin Interior Stomach Disease" section and the "Soeumin Summaries" section. However, instead of being included in the interior-based pathology, it is proposed as an independent disease category that is similar to and yet separate from the Taeeumbyeong Simhabiman (epigastric congestion) variations of Sugyeolhyung and Hansilgyeolhyung. Further, passages from the "Soyangin Summaries" section outline the underlying pathology in detail to show that this symptomatic pattern can be included in the exterior-based pathology. (2) In the Sinchuk edition, Janggyeol(藏結) is introduced in the "Soeumin Cold-based Stomach Interior-Cold Disease" section. Similarly to the Gabo classification, it is proposed as an independent disease category not necessarily included in the interior-based pathology that can be compared to the Taeeumbyeong Simhabiman(太陰人 心下 滿) category. The detailed pathological explanations in the "Soyangin Summaries" section suggest that this disease pattern is included in the exterior-based pathology. (3) Janggyeol(藏結) can be understood as a Taeyangbyeong Wigasil(太陽病胃家實) pathology in the Gabo edition and as a Taeyangbyeong Wigasil(太陽病胃家實) pathology in the Sinchuk edition.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1892-1895
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the personality traits in constitutional types. The Questionnaire for the Sasang Constitution Classification Ⅱ and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire were completed by 155 university students. Statistical analyses of the Questionnaire for the Sasang Constitution Classification Ⅱ and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire scale scores and results are as follows : First, Personality differences in constitutional types are revealed significantly with respect to Eysenck Personality Questionnaire scales such as neuroticism, addiction, and criminality. Second, there is a significant difference between Eum(음) type and Yang(양) type along psychoticism and neuroticism. Third, sex difference is significant along the dimension of extraverion-intraversion.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.1113-1118
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• 2011

In this paper, when a physician make a diagnosis of the pattern identification (PI) in Korean stroke patients, the development methods of the PI classification function is considered by diagnostic questionnaire of the PI for stroke patients. Clinical data collected from 1,502 stroke patients who was identically diagnosed for the PI subtypes diagnosed by two physicians with more than 3 years experiences in 13 oriental medical hospitals. In order to develop the classification function into PI using Korean Stroke Syndrome Differentiation Standard was consist of the 44 items (Fire heat(19), Qi deficiency(11), Yin deficiency(7), Dampness-phlegm(7)). Using the 44 items, we took diagnostic and prediction accuracy rate through of discriminant model. The overall diagnostic and prediction accuracy rate of the PI subtypes for discriminant model was 74.37%, 70.88% respectively.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.318-321
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• 2011

In this study, when a physician make a diagnosis of the Pattern Identifications(PIs) of stroke patients, the development methods of the PIs classification function is considered by diagnostic questionnaire of the PIs for stroke patients. Clinical data collected from 1,502 stroke patients who was identically diagnosed for the PIs subtypes diagnosed by two clinical experts with more than 3 years experiences in 13 oriental medical hospitals. In order to develop the classification function into PIs using the 44 items-Fire&heat(19), Qi-deficiency(11), Yin-deficiency(7), Dampness phlegm(7)- of them was significant statistically by univariate analysis in 61 questionnaires totally, we make some comparisons of the results of discriminant analysis model and generalized logit model. The overall diagnostic accuracy rate of the PIs subtypes for discriminant model(74.37%) was higher than 3% of generalized logit model(70.09%).