• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.13
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• pp.805-833
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• 2000

Electronic commerce facilitates trade and lower transaction cost can help firms make use of the opportunities of globalization of production and markets. Electronic commerce has broad implications for future trade. These implications include the effect on trade policy making and enforcement. And it is important to ensure that the present and future trading system de jure and de facto allows electronic commerce to realize its potentials as an alternative or a complement to conventional trade. The comprehensive work program had been implemented to examine all trade-related issues relating to global electronic commerce before the Seattle 3rd Ministerial Conference which was suspended. In general, Member countries recognized the need to ensure that electronic commerce in all its forms is conducted in full conformity with WTO principles and rules. But, there are still major issues to be solved such as access to relevant electronic systems, competition policy in telecomnunications services, WTO provisions relating to the protection of IPRs, the clarification of a number of key concepts and definitions, etc.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.283-287
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• 2001

Persimmon vinegar was clarified with 400mg/L chitosans of two different molecular weights (MW 150 and 37 kDa), and its quality changes were investigated during storage at room temperature for 6 months. No significant changes in pH, acidity, and tannin content were observed. However, turbidity and browning slightly increased while protein content slightly decreased. Soluble solids content slightly decreased when treated with high MW chitosan. Color L* value decreased while a* and b* values increased with storage periods. The major organic acid in the persimmon vinegar after 6 months storage was acetic acid with minor lactic, malic, tartaric, galacturonic, and succinic acids. Overall, the quality of persimmon vinegar clarified by chitosan treatment, irrespective of molecular weight, was more stable without noticeable changes during storage than that of control group without chitosan treatment.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.345-348
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• 2007

This research aimed at developing a technique for estimating the tree height using BRF (Bi-directional Reflectance Factor) through the clarification of the relation between shape of the tree crown and the tree height and the relations between the shape of the tree crown and BRF. This paper, reports the results of analyses of data acquired by field measurements done to clarify relation between crown shape and tree height.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.89-98
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• 2002

The changes of conventional clarification process and an increase in treatment cost are required to meet increasingly stringent regulations related to the treated water quality. Although many enhanced coagulations have introduced to improve organic matter removal, the results to remove color, nitrogen and phosphorus as well as organic material have not been very efficient yet. The removal of waste matters such as SS, organic matter, color and turbidity contained in dyeing wastewater was carried out by using the combination of calcium hydroxide and magnesium sulfate. The flocculation was investigated as a function of coagulant dose, pH, mixing time, settling time and coagulant addition modes such as the sequential addition of the two coagulants and the simultaneous addition of them. The flocculation by the combination of calcium hydroxide and magnesium sulfate was compared with that by aluminum sulfate. The mechanism of flocculation was investigated as well. About 84% of color in dyeing watewater was removed by flocculation with combination of calcium hydroxide and magnesium sulfate.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.183-191
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• 2014

We define a multivariate Cauchy distribution using a probability density function; subsequently, a Ferguson's definition of a multivariate Cauchy distribution can be viewed as a characterization theorem using the characteristic function approach. To clarify this characterization theorem, we construct two dependent Cauchy random variables, but their sum is not Cauchy distributed. In doing so the proofs depend on the characteristic function, but we use the cumulative distribution function to obtain the exact density of their sum. The derivation methods are relatively straightforward and appropriate for graduate level statistics theory courses.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.621-634
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• 1998

Emthusiasm about the introduction of computers into mathematics education is widespred. But, the perspectives about the relationship between mathematics education and computer are diverse. The purpose of this study is to examine theoretical background for using computers in mathematics education. In spite of the pedagogical possibilities of computers. only a small minority of mathematics teachers are using computers in mathematics classroom. It is natural to seek this obstacles within theoretical background of the teachers who manage computers, In this study, We discuss the problems in the two sides. First, due to increased computer activity, relationship of mathematics in school with mathematics in society is changing. It is tension between academic mathematics and practical mathematics. School mathematics have to be changed toward stressing practical mathematics. Second problem is the dialectical relationship between the individual and the collective. While maintaining a respect for the individuality of student contributions. We take into account the social dimension of mathematical meaning-making. We discussed theoretical clarification of work collaborative learning. We propose the case study for the roles of computer in collaborative mathematics learning.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.10-18
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• 2002

The changes of conventional clarification processe and an increase in treatment cost are required to meet increasingly stringent regulations related to the treated water quality. Although many enhanced coagulations have introduced to improve organic matter removal, the results to remove color, nitrogen and phosphorus as well as organic material have not been very efficient yet. In this context as new flocculation using calcium hydroxide and magnesum sulfate was carried out. The removal of waste matters such as SS, organic matter, COD, nitrogen and phosphorus contained in stock wastewater was carried out by using the combination of calcium hydroxide and magnesium sulfate. The flocculation was investigated as a function of coagulant dose, pH, mixing time, settling time and coagulant addition modes such as the sequential addition of the two coagulants and the simultaneous addition of them. The flocculation by the combination of calcium hydroxide and magnesium sulfate was compared with that by aluminum sulfate. The mechanism of flocculation was investigated as well. About 60% of COD in stock watewater was removed by flocculation with combination of calcium hydroxide and magnesium sulfate.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.109-116
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• 2000

The equipment of a landfill need whole cut off facilities so that leachate generated from the landfill primarily do not leak to the ocean. Also, the whole collected leachate need a consecutive clarification treatment to discharge. A method is considered the best among the three alternatives. The merits of this method are as follows; have no secondary pollution. can cut down the expense of treatment, have good effects on preventing external leakage, don't need a leachate well, reliable quality control and easy post management. The weaknesses of this method are as follows; need a thorough survey about underground water and quality of the soil, need a special process to use as the land.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.246-255
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• 2016

The study of public health systems is an important, but very difficult task. The concept and functions of public health systems are influenced by the views, interests, and influence of the various stakeholders belonging to public health systems and broader social, economic, political, and environmental sectors. To define public health system with conceptual clarification, we must take into account the dynamic and complex aspect of the public health system. This paper reviews health systems and public health systems literature to suggest the concept, goals, and functions of public health systems. In addition, this paper recognizes some challenges, such as leadership and management, resource development, economic support, and service delivery to strengthen public health systems for improving health and well-being of population.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.106-121
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• 2008

Purpose: This historical research was done to identify disaster nursing activities during the last 60 years through the most serious disasters during the last 60years(1945-2005) in Korea. Method: Fot the data collection, three of main daily newspaper and The Korean Nurses Association News were reviewed and nurses who were called out to the most serious disaster onsite were interviewed. Results: The nurses were positively involved for setup onsite clinic, mobile medical services, triage, CPR, and psychological support during response and recovery phase, while hardly involved during preparedness phase. Conclusion: The clarification of job description for disaster nursing and developing systematic training program should be followed.