• 대한화학회지
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• 제61권6호
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• pp.359-368
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 중등 과학 교사가 화학 탐구 맥락의 결과를 해석하여 제시하는 주장과 증거의 수준이 어떠한지 알아보고자 하였다. 본 연구에 참여한 53명의 과학 교사가 화학 탐구의 결과를 해석하여 제시한 주장과 증거를 분석한 결과 3가지 문항 중에서 여러 개념이 통합된 화학 주제의 경우 1-2수준의 주장과 증거가 상당수 있었고, 화학 교과서에 명시적으로 제시된 화학 개념과 직접 관련된 내용의 경우 3-4수준의 주장과 증거가 많았다. 본 연구의 결과는 과학 탐구의 핵심인 논증, 즉 주장과 증거 제시에 대하여 과학 교사가 적절한 지식과 이해를 함양할 수 있도록 현장 과학 교사 교육이 필요함을 시사한다.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.78-87
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• 2012

Objective : The purpose of this study is to describe the characteristics of medical malpractice related to pediatric ophthalmology and to identify the causes and potential preventability of medical litigation in Korean medicine. Methods : A study was performed by analysing 8 cases of lawsuit in the year between 1968 and 2011, which were selected among the medical dispute cases involving pediatric ophthalmology. Results : The eight closed claims occurring in the field of pediatric ophthalmology were founded in the data for medical malpractice. One claim was supreme court decision, two claims were high court decisions and five claims were district court decisions. Conclusions : While malpractice claims occurring in the field of pediatric ophthalmology were uncommon, they resulted in a high rate and amount of indemnity payments. For reduction of medical disputes, improvement of clinical trials and clinical medical cares is emphasized, and informed consent is also important.

• 한국의사학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.127-134
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• 2014

Objectives : The Syndromes of Daecheongryongtang (大靑龍湯證) and Mahwangtang (麻黃湯證) are similar in pathogenesis. However, both syndromes have a different pathogenesis. So we will try to distinguish the difference between the two syndromes. In addition, we'll see about 40 provision. Methods : Examine the claims of the syndrome of Daecheongryongtang in "Sang Han Lon" (傷寒論). The scholar's claims are not all same. Thus, we analysis the claims of many scholars. Results and Conclusions : The Syndromes of Daecheongryongtang and Mahwangtang are similar in pathogenesis. However, the Syndrome of Daecheongryongtang is different from that the sweat purgations in exterior of the body caused by heat in the interior. The pathogenesis of 39 and 40 provisions are different. 40 provision is more severe symptoms than 39 provision in the stagnation. So 40 provision used the term "fazhi (發之)".

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.135-140
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• 2022

Background: Coal mining is a hazardous industry. The purpose of the study is to identify the nature of occupational injuries and diseases among coal miners and to determine the factors that affect the rate of injury and duration of time loss from work. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using accepted workers' compensation claims data of 30,390 Australian coal miners between July 2003 and June 2017. Results: Musculoskeletal and fracture conditions accounted for approximately 60% of claims in all occupational groups. Cox regression analysis showed that older age and female gender were significant predictors of longer time off work. Injury types and occupations were associated with work time loss: mental health conditions, and machine operators and drivers had significantly longer durations of time off work. Conclusion: Future research can further address how these factors led to longer time off work so that coal industry regulators, employers, and healthcare providers can target interventions more effectively to these at-risk workers.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.294-302
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• 2017

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to investigate the agreement between medical history questionnaire data and claims data and to identify the factors that were associated with discrepancies between these data types. Methods: Data from self-reported questionnaires that assessed an individual's history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, stroke, heart disease, and pulmonary tuberculosis were collected from a general health screening database for 2014. Data for these diseases were collected from a healthcare utilization claims database between 2009 and 2014. Overall agreement, sensitivity, specificity, and kappa values were calculated. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with discrepancies and was adjusted for age, gender, insurance type, insurance contribution, residential area, and comorbidities. Results: Agreement was highest between questionnaire data and claims data based on primary codes up to 1 year before the completion of self-reported questionnaires and was lowest for claims data based on primary and secondary codes up to 5 years before the completion of self-reported questionnaires. When comparing data based on primary codes up to 1 year before the completion of selfreported questionnaires, the overall agreement, sensitivity, specificity, and kappa values ranged from 93.2 to 98.8%, 26.2 to 84.3%, 95.7 to 99.6%, and 0.09 to 0.78, respectively. Agreement was excellent for hypertension and diabetes, fair to good for stroke and heart disease, and poor for pulmonary tuberculosis and dyslipidemia. Women, younger individuals, and employed individuals were most likely to under-report disease. Conclusions: Detailed patient characteristics that had an impact on information bias were identified through the differing levels of agreement.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.78-87
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• 2001

최근 들어 설계서의 누락, 오류 및 불분명과 관련된 클레임이 급증하고 있으며, 다양한 건설분쟁해결방법이 모색되고 있다. 그러나 대부분의 시공자들은 발주자가 제시하는 클레임조정결과의 내용이 건설현장을 적절히 반영하지 못하였음을 이유로 이를 받아들이지 아니하고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구의 목적은 계약당사자의 책임 및 건설 클레임을 분석한 후 공공공사의 입찰 및 계약제도의 개선방안을 제시하는데 있다. 본 연구 결과 클레임을 최소화하기 위한 방안을 요약하면 다음과 같다. (1) 반복공사에서는 표준도 축적 및 재활용되어야 하고 발주자별로 특화된 시방서가 활용되어야 한다. (2) 설계자의 한계를 초과하는 부분에 대해서는 전문가책임보험제도가 도입되어야 한다. (3) 도면에 대한 개념이 구체화되어야 한다. (4) 설계업무대가기준이 정립되어야 한다. (5) 다양한 계약체계가 확립되어야 한다.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제72권
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• pp.1-24
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• 2016

This study focused on getting clear understanding on the legal bases in terms of plurality of obligors and plurality of obligees through a analysis the PICC(2010) which has been standing firmly as the general principles of international commercial contract. Related to the title of this paper, PICC are dealing with not only plurality of obligors but plurality of obligees. The contents of the former are as follows; presumption of joint and several obligations and obligee's rights against joint and several obligors (arts.11.1.1, 11.1.2, 11.1.3), availability of defences and rights of set-off and effect of performance and set-off (arts.11.1.4, 11.1.5), effect of release or settlement and effect of expiration or suspension of limitation period (arts.11.1.6, 11.1.7), effect of judgment (art.11.1.8), apportionment among joint and several obligors and extent of contributory claim (arts.11.1.9, 11.1.10), rights of the obligee, defences in contributory claims, inability to recover (arts.11.1.11, 11.1.12, 11.1.13) and so on. On the other hand the contents of the latter are as follows; definitions (art.11.2.1), effects of joint and several claims (art.11.1.2), availability of defences against joint and several obligees (art.11.2.3), allocation between joint and several obligees (art.11.1.4). The main subjects are one is when several obligors are bound by the same obligation towards an obligee, the obligations are joint and several when each obligor is bound for the whole obligation, the obligations are separate when each obligor is bound only for its share and the other is when several obligees can claim performance of the same obligation from an obligor, the claims are separate when each obligee can only claim its share, the claims are joint and several when each obligee can claim the whole performance and the claims are joint when all obligees have to claim performance together.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.353-361
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the level of knowledge and screening review rates of dental health insurance claims in dental hygienists. This analysis will provide the educational information to the dental hygienists. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was completed by dental hygienists in Jeonbuk from December 17, 2012 to January 24, 2013. The questionnaire was distributed by ordinary mail or direct visit. Except incomplete answers, 350 data were collected and analyzed. The study instrument was adapted from the structured questionnaire by Hong and Yoo. The questionnaire consisted of education experience of health insurance management, subjective and objective knowledge, insurance screening review, and need for health insurance education. Data were analyzed by SPSS 12.0 program. Cronbach alpha in the objective knowledge on health insurance rate criteria was 0.836 and this was a reliable figure. Results: The subjective knowledge level of dental insurance was higher in the senior dental hygienists. Subgingival curettage was the lowest percentage of correct answers in the objective knowledge. In recent six months, higher review control rate was shown in the higher claim for health insurance and insurance screening review. Conclusions: The majority of the respondents had lower level of knowledge of health insurance claims. The continuous education of dental health insurance will be necessary in the dental hygienists.

• 재무관리논총
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.375-391
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• 1995

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.98-115
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• 2003

Concerns about growing health insurance expenditures became a national Issue in 2001 when the National Health Insurance went into a deficit. Increases in spending for ambulatory care shared the largest portion of the problem. Methods and systems to control the spending should be developed and a system to measure case mix of providers is one of core components of the control system. The objectives of this article is to examine the feasibility of applying Korean Diagnosis Related Groups (KDRGs) to classify health insurance claims for ambulatory care and to identify problem areas of the classification. A database of 11,586,270 claims for ambulatory care delivered during January 2002 was obtained for the study, and the final number of claims analyzed was 8,319,494 after KDRG numbers were assigned to the data and records with an error KDRG were excluded from the study. The unit of analysis was a claim and resource use was measured by the sum of charges incurred during a month at a department of a hospital of at a clinic. Within group variance was assessed by th coefficient of variation (CV), and the classification accuracy was evaluated by the variance reduction achieved by the KDRG classification. The analyses were performed on both all and non-outlier data, and on a subset of the database to examine the validity of study results. Data were assigned to 787 KDRGs among 1,244 KDRGs defined in the classification system. For non-outlier data, 77.4％ of KDRGs had a CV of charges from tertiary care hospitals less than 100％ and 95.43％ of KDRGs for data from clinics. The variance reduction achieved by the KDRG classification was 40.80％ for non-outlier claims from tertiary care hospitals, 51.98％ for general hospitals, 40.89% for hospitals, and 54.99% for clinics. Similar results were obtained from the analyses performed on a subset of the study database. The study results indicated that KDRGs developed for a classification of inpatient care could be used for ambulatory care, although there were areas where the classification should be refined. Its power to predict tile resource utilization showed a potential for its application to measure case mix of providers for monitoring and managing delivery of ambulatory care. The issue concerning the quality of diagnostic information contained in insurance claims remains to be improved, and significance of future studies for other classification systems based on visits or episodes is guaranteed.