• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.45 no.9
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• pp.497-506
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• 2008

The long time of twenty years has passed since Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) was proposed before the practical use. The main factors that DPF has been put to practical use in this time, are the same time proposal of the evaluation method of SiC porous materials linked to he performance on the vehicle, and that the nature of thermal shock required for the soot regeneration (combustion of soot) in the DPF is different from the conventional requirement for the rather rapid thermal shock. For the requirements, these includ demonstrating utmost the characteristic of SiC's high thermal conductivity, and overcoming the difficulty of thermal expansion of SiC-DPF by dividing the filter into segments binding with the cement of lower Young's modulus, and the innovation of technology around the diesel exhaust system such as Common-Rail system. As the results of these, the cumulative shipments of SiC-DPF have reached about 5 million, and it goes at no claim in the market.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.177-179
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• 2003

The genus Aerva is distributed is temperate and stropical Asia and Africa. Aerva species, Aerva lanata and Aerva javanica have been used for antidiarrhoeal activity in Indian traditional medicine. A.lanata and A.javanica were screened separately for their. anti-diarrhoeal activity and their action on intestinal transit on their vacuum dried ethanolic and aqueous extracts at the dose of 800 mg/kg by standard methods. All the extracts showed significant antidairrhoeal activity and significantly reduced intestinal transit in charcoal meal test. The results illustrate that the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of A.lanata and the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of A.javanica have significant antidiarrhoeal activity and the activity may be attributed to its effect on intestinal transit. The present study supports the claim of Aerva lanata and Aerva javanica as antidiarrhoeal drugs in the Indian system of medicine.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.265-274
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• 1994

This paper proposes a method of noninvasive reflectance light to measure the blood fractional volume (Vb) and oxygen saturation ($SO_2$) of biological tissue. We chose the red light of 660nm and infrared light of 880nm. In Vivo reflectance data were obtained by the physiological changes front the surface of the skin over the calf in human subject. The reflected light intensity from different layers within a biological tissue was measured by specially designed reflectometer to apply photon path diffusion model. The collected data represent the changes of blood (ractional volume and oxygen saturation at each reflected light wavelengths. The data evaluation was assessed by examining the slopes of the plotted indices for the changes in oxygen saturation and blood (ractional volume. The results presented in this paper claim that light reflectance can separately discriminate the change of blood volume and that of oxygenation in muscle and also in skin.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.145-152
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• 2008

Single PPM Quality Innovation Movement is originally developed quality program in Korea for supplier's quality level-up since 1995. The quality target is below the 10ppm(parts per million) in outgoing quality and delivered goods plus field claim. This Single PPM Quality Innovation Movement program was conducted to realize the anticipated results not only due to management result level's increasing, but also the company's confidence and competitiveness. This study attempted to find the mutual influences on the participation of the constituent members, satisfaction of the constituent members and results of the management from Single PPM Quality Innovation Movement. The reliance analysis for the measurement material on the questionnaire was verified by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Participation of the constituent members, satisfaction of the constituent member and result of the management, the influences upon Single PPM improvement degree level were verified through the structural analysis by using SPSS statistic package. The influence evaluation among the groups was evaluated by the structure equation.

• Advances in Energy Research
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.175-184
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• 2022

The dual-fuel technology, which uses gaseous fuel as the main fuel and liquid as the pilot fuel, is an appealing technology for reducing the exhaust emissions. The current study proposes emission models based on ANFIS for a dual-fuel using producer gas (PG)-diesel engine. Emissions measurements were taken at different engine load levels and fuel injection timings. The proposed model predictions were examined using statistical methods. With R2 values in the range of 0.9903 to 0.9951, the established ANFIS model was found to be consistently robust in predicting emission characteristics. The mean absolute percentage deviate in range 1.9 to 4.6%, and mean squared error varies in range 0.0018 to 13.9%. The evaluation of the ANFIS model developed shows a reliable claim of intrinsic sensitivity, strength, and outstanding generalization. The presented meta-model can be used to simulate the engine's operation in order to create an efficient control tool.

• SUVANNABHUMI
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.79-111
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• 2016

Malaya attained independence on August 31, 1957 from Britain. However this new nation faced a communist insurgency known today as the "Malayan Emergency" (1948-1960). Then in 1961, Tunku announced a wider federation of "Malaysia", viz. Malaya, British Crown Colonies of Singapore, Sarawak and North Borneo, and the protectorate of Brunei. Countering communism was a principal motive for "Malaysia". Sarawak's leftist elements were rejected with an armed opposition. Malaysia was formed excluding Brunei. Amidst its birth pangs, Malaysia faced hostile neighbors Indonesia and the Philippines; the former objected by way of Konfrontasi (1963-1967) while the latter laid claim to Sabah (formerly North Borneo). Malaya/ Malaysia was borne in the midst of the Cold War (1947-1991), a bipolar world between the US and the USSR. Malaya/Malaysia is utilized as a case of analysis and evaluation in the context of the twin trends of continuities and transformations in tracing the historical developments from the 1950's to the 1990's. The risks, motives, and challenges that prompted the shift in foreign relations reveal as much of the personality of the political leadership, the prevailing situations, and conditions from within and circumstances from without.

• Journal of Software Assessment and Valuation
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.51-57
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• 2019

On increasing illegal software copyright, the need for similarity analysis is now rising. The reliability of object material are becoming important when it's moving from developer to evaluation experts. Object material as a comparison data, is the important data to the evaluation expert which is delivered from agencies such as courts and police stations. The object material is submitted at first to the Copyright Commission and then delivered to the evaluation expert with safe. However, if the similarity result is not satisfied to the both side, they will claim to the reliability of the object material such as source code modification or revision etc. Software objects is produced in a file format and are recognized as being able to be modified. Therefore, the reliability to the object material is studied in various ways, and a forensic is proposed as one method. This study showed the suggestion to keep reliability of the object material through the actual evaluation cases.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.73-89
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• 2003

The goal of this study was to estimate the knowledge on the patient about treating and attitude about their right to know and how they practice. That is the study seek to find how much they claim about their right to know and how they evaluate it. Additionally describe how much the patient carry on their right to know and find out that of each level's associations. This main Purpose of the study was to increase patient's right to know during in medical services. Socio-demographic variables, personal service variables and other used variables which levels of consumers knowledge, demand, evaluation and about right to know on practice level were analyzed statistically. For this purpose, the subjects of this study were consumers who had experienced medical services. The survey was conducted on 551 Korean aged in off-line by self-administered questionnaires. Final analyzed sample sizes are 551. The regression, ANOVA, t-test and other descriptive analyses were used. The obtained results were as When the consumers were estimated the level of Knowledge, the degree of respondent's level was middle state. The level of demand showed low tendency but their practice level was relatively high. On the other hand, consumer's demand for the patient's right to know was very high. The level of knowledge, demand, evaluation have affected positively to the level of consumers practices. Based on empirical research, the statistics of consumers' knowledge level was significant to other variables and effecting highly. It was recommended consumer education should be provided effectively to increase protecting their right.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.244-257
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• 2017

Nutrition labeling can provide information in order for people to select products suitable for their own health, and sodium content labeling for processed foods is important since sodium is one of the main causes of cardiac diseases. This study had carried out to propose the desirable sodium content labeling by conducting surveys on the awareness of sodium content in processed foods, understanding of sodium content labeling, and requirements for new sodium comparative claims. The survey period was from 12th of September, 2016 through the 24th, during which a self-administered questionnaire survey was given to 1,003 persons through demographic quota sampling by age and region. As a result of the survey, 66.0% of respondents assuring nutrition labeling answered they check sodium content labeling, whereas 83.2% were aware of excessive intake of sodium having a negative effect on health. Exactly 49.9% of respondents answered that the current system for nutrition labeling on processed foods does not help one to understand the content of sodium, whereas 72.9% answered they wanted to compare sodium contents with those of other products when buying or taking processed foods. As 92.5% cited the importance of sodium comparative claims made by processed foods, preparation of a new system for food labeling should be considered by which consumers can easily compare sodium contents with those of other similar products.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.98-110
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the medical cost of facial paralysis in payer perspective and to estimate the practice pattern of patient using 2011 Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service-National Patients Sample(HIRA-NPS). Methods: Basic statistical system was used for descriptive analysis of NPS dataset. A table for general information (table20) was extracted by disease code, and social demographic characteristics, distribution of the use among inpatients and outpatients, utilization of each kind of medical care institutions, medical cost were analyzed. Subgroup analysis was conducted for assuming the practice pattern of korean medicine and western medicine. Results: A total of 8,219 people and 64,345 claims data were identified as having facial paralysis. Proportion of outpatient was 95.23%, inpatient 0.84% and patient using both services 3.93%. Mean patient charges was 44,229 won per outpatient, 178,886 won per inpatient and 523,542 won per patient using both services. Utilization of korean medical care institutions was 68.81%(claims), 40.46%(patients), utilization of western medical care institutions was 31.19%(claims), 59.54%(patients). The amount charged by korean medical care institutions was 52.61% and western medical care institutions was 47.39%. Cost per claim was higher than those of the korean treatment and cost per patient of western treatment was lower than those of the korean treatment. Conclusions: The research assessed the medical cost and practice pattern associated with facial paralysis. These findings could be used in health care policy and subsequent studies.