• 한국사회정책
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.141-172
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• 2016

본 연구는 광주광역시 초등학교 돌봄교사 대상 심층면접을 통해 수집한 자료를 바탕으로 초등돌봄교사의 고용형태와 노동조건에 대해 살펴보고 이들의 노동경험에서 나타나는 다양한 문제들을 고찰한다. 초등돌봄교실은 초등학교 학생들의 방과후 돌봄공백을 해결하기 위한 교육부의 정책으로 2014년에 급속하게 확대되었으며, 이 과정에서 학교 비정규직인 시간제 돌봄교사들이 대거 학교현장으로 유입되었다. 여성이 다수를 차지하는 초등돌봄교사의 비정규직화는 여성 비정규직과 관련 노동에 대한 사회적 차별, 배제와 불평등 현상이 공공영역인 학교에서도 나타나고 있음을 대표적으로 보여준다. 돌봄교실의 제도화를 통해 사적영역에서 담당해온 돌봄이 가정을 벗어나 사회화된다 하더라도 돌봄노동을 수행하는 주체는 여전히 여성이 주가 되며 공적영역의 돌봄노동은 저임금과 불안정고용으로 특징지어지며 저평가된다. 공교육에서 돌봄교실의 중요성과 수요급증에 따른 확대가 강조되는 상황에서 초등돌봄교사의 고용형태와 노동조건은 오히려 더 열악해져왔다. 교육부와 각 시도교육청은 '질높고 안전한 돌봄서비스 제공'을 위한 돌봄교실의 효율적 운영을 내세우며 돌봄교사의 시간제 계약직 고용과 돌봄교실의 외주위탁운영을 확대하고 있다. 본 연구의 사례로 살펴본 광주광역시의 경우, 최근 2년동안 돌봄교사의 주15시간미만 초단시간 근로계약 체결과 돌봄교실의 외주화가 확대되면서 돌봄교실의 공공성 문제가 제기되고 있다. 주15시간미만 초단시간 근로와 외주위탁 형태로 고용된 시간제 돌봄교사들은 상시적인 고용불안에 시달리며 열악한 노동환경과 저임금, 학교 내 차별과 배제, 업무에서의 소외 등의 경험을 하고 있다. 이 과정에서 돌봄교사들의 노동은 고용의 결정권한을 가진 학교와 위탁업체에 의해 이중적으로 통제되고 있으며, 교육청과 학교는 고용형태에 따른 교사 간 서열화와 분업, 공간의 분할 및 해고 위협 등의 기제를 통해 돌봄교사들을 개별화 고립화하여 집단적 저항을 최소화하려는 시도를 하고 있다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제12권8호
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• pp.55-60
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• 2021

본 연구는 평택시의 지원을 받아 평택시 감정노동자 보호에 대한 내용을 연구하기 위한 기초 자료를 마련하기 위해서 감정노동자 직업군으로 분류되는 상담사 104명을 중심으로 설문조사를 실시했다. 104명의 감정노동자를 중심으로 한 설문조사 결과를 통해서 감정노동자의 어려움에 대한 기초 연구 자료를 마련할 수 있으며 현재 각 지자체에서 관심을 가지고 있는 감정노동자를 위한 보호 방법을 찾을 수 있다. 감정노동자 실태조사를 위해서 평택시 내 상담사를 중심으로 표본을 선출하고 선출된 표본을 중심으로 설문조사를 실시한 결과 감정노동자는 본인의 인권에 대한 권리를 찾지 못하고 직장내에서도 보호 받지 못하고 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 현재 감정노동자를 보호하기 위한 법안이 발표되고 있으나 보호받지 못하고 있어 제도개선이 필요하다는 것을 확인했다. 본 연구는 회수된 설문지 중 전처리 과정을 통해 유의한 104개를 중심으로 SPSS, R을 이용해서 분석했으며 평택시에서 제도적인 장치를 마련할 수 있는 규정이 필요하다는 것을 확인했다. 앞으로 감정노동자 직업군에 해당하는 표본을 더 선출해서 감정노동자에 대한 보호 장치 마련이 필요하다고 판단된다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.185-195
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• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to opportunity of oral examination and positively utilizing the oral-health educational method of being preferred on the basis of the contents promote workers' oral health. Methods : This study carried out questionnaire research by self-administrated method, which was selected by convenience sampling method, from February 9th to March 6th, 2009 targeting 237 workers where are located in Gunsan city of Jeollabuk-do Province. Results : 1. Workers' interest and recognition of importance in oral health were high, and were low in subjective oral-health knowledge level, on the other hand. 2. Workers were indicated to be high in the response rate of work-site oral examination and, on the other hand, to be high in the dissatisfied rate at work-site oral examination. 3. As for work-site oral examination, the workers were indicated to positively recognize participation in work-site oral-health education along with high necessity. 4. Workers were indicated to prefer the most a method of lecture such as dentist along with contents in prevention and curing method of periodontal disease. Conclusions : An efficient result is thought to be probably obtained given offering an opportunity of oral examination and positively utilizing the oral-health educational method of being preferred on the basis of the contents with the highest preference, in order to promote workers' oral health.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.93-101
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• 2020

Shipyards are potential environments for using IoT services, sensor networks, and delay tolerant networks. Simulations of those services and networks strongly rely on human mobility models. Results obtained with an unrealistic model may not reflect the true performance of applications, protocols, and algorithms in a shipyard. A lot of synthetic models for human movements have been studied but most of them are generic and focus on the daily movements of humans on city scales. Nevertheless, workers in shipyards have unique movement characteristics such as movement speed, pause time, and attractions places. For instance, workers usually move to some places, where they work, and rarely move to other places in the factory. Movement characteristics of workers not only depend on workers but also on tasks, which they do. For instance, workers, who paint ships, have similar movement speed and pause time. Hence, in this paper, human movements in shipyards are studied. We propose a new human mobility model called the human mobility mode in shipyards (MIS). In MIS, workers are classified into multiple types. Movement characteristics of a worker are similar to other workers in the same type. Based on the visiting probability, workers have some places, where they frequently visits, and some places, where they rarely visit. We analyze real mobility traces and studie to achieve human movement characteristics from real traces. The results show that MIS provides a well-match to the movement characteristic from real traces.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.117-127
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors that influenced the preparation for later life of the age group of 30s, 40s, and 50s in production workers. Methods: The participants for this study were 320 men working in 2 workspaces of Ulsan city. The data was collected from May to July, 2010 using structured questionnaires. Chi-square, One way ANOVA, Duncan test, Pearson's Correlation Coefficient and multiple regression with the SPSS WIN 17.0 program were used to analyze the data. Results: There were statistically significant differences among 30s, 40s, and 50s workers regarding the preparation for later life, health promoting behavior, knowledge and attitude of cerebrocardiovascular (CVD) diseases. 50s workers were significantly more higher than 30s and 40s regarding the preparation for later life, health promoting behavior, cognition and attitude of CVD diseases. The model including variables related to the preparation for later life explained variance of 42.3% of 30s, 36.0% of 40s, and 28.5% of 50s workers. Finally, cognition of CVD diseases and social support were predictors in explaining the level of the preparation for later life among production workers. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the study, nursing interventions should be developed to improve the preparation for later life of production workers according to age differences.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.551-562
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• 1995

To assess the status of safety accidents, authors reviewed and analysed the records of safety accidents of a welding material manufacturing factory at Pohang city from January 1989 to December 1993. The results are; 1. The total incidence of safety accidents was 295 spells for five years. 2. Average age of workers with accident was 35.7 years. Average duration of employment was 6.2 years and the duration of employment increased as the year increased. 3. There was no statistical significance on season, month, weekday and time by year in the incidence of safety accidents. The most frequent part of body injured was upper extremities and the most frequent type of injury was abrasion. 4. Mean admission rate of safety accidents was 12.6% and the ratio of treated spells as occupational injury was 7.8%. 5. The most frequent cause of injury was worker's mistake and the most frequent action for the prevention of further accidents was safety education. 6. The incidence rate of safety accidents on 1993 was 116.2 spells per 1,000 persons. Above results suggest that to prevent safety accidents, safety education should be done continuously, the environmental and human factors were controlled and more exact reporting system of safety accidents was needed.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제26권8호
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• pp.102-106
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• 2012

This paper was carried out to survey fire hazard and improvement at the drain pump in air-conditioners. Based on the results of analysis, the proposal of electrical accidents prevention and a construction improvement are as follows. A power connection of the drain pump has two types, an electrical outlet type and direct connection type at control board of air-conditioner. The electrical outlet types need a bulletin sign or education as malfunction of the drain pump include an additional accidents, current leakage and overflowing with water on the floor from breaker trip by exterior cause and breaker off by mistake of worker. On the other hand, the direct connection types prevent a power interruption as exterior cause, but it has some trouble, cut of ground cable and without protection device. Usually it doesn't work by electrician when air-conditioner and the drain pump power work. Therefore an education or countermeasures are recommended for not electrician. Generally malfunction of the drain pump causes accumulated materials into the tank. Even though the accumulated materials lead to an overheating and burning as failure of detector occur an idling, periodic inspection of the air-conditioner filter and the drain pump tank prevent the trouble.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제31권9호
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• pp.1498-1507
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• 1998

The purposes of this study were to : a) examine the current foodservice management practices of twenty-one seniors centers in charge of hoke-delivered meal programs, b) evaluate the attitudes of one hundred and ten recipients of meal service program, and c) provide feedback for the efficient and effective foodservice management for the elderly. Statistical data analysis was completed using the SAS package program for descriptive analysis, T-test, and ANOVA. The results of quantitative analysis indicated that the costs of meals, containers and special foods were mostly dependent on the support from local government(Seoul city). The centers where the volunteers were over seventy five p ercent of the workers were frtty-eight percent and sixty-seven percent of the subjects in food preparation and food delivery to the homebound clients, respectively. Meal preparation and food purchasing were mainly practiced by social welfare worker. Standardized recipes were not developed and meal preparation was controlled under the cook' and volunteers' experiences. The survey results of recipients who participated the home-delivered meals program showed that the mean of meal satisfaction score was rated over three point five in the five-point scale. There were significant differences between dependent variables(volunteer's kindness, plate waste, menu variety) and independent variables(sex, receiving periods and family type of the subjects). (Korean J Nutrition 31(9) : 1498-1507, 1998)

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.293-302
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate nursing students' awareness and performance on standard precautions and to provide meaningful information for nursing students' education regarding hospital infection control. Method: Four hundred forty seven nursing students at 6 universities in D-city participated in this study. Data collection was conducted from March to April 2011. Students' awareness and performance on standard precautions of infection control in hospitals were measured using the modified 2007 CDC standard precautions guidelines. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS WIN 18.0 program, descriptive statistics, t-test, and ANOVA. Results: The level of students' awareness in the standard precautions was higher than performance. The higher levels of students' awareness and performance on standard precautions included patient care equipment, safe injection practices, and worker safety. The lower levels of students' awareness and performance on standard precautions included hand hygiene and personal protective equipment. There was no difference in the students' awareness and performance of standard precautions according to their characteristics. Conclusions: Based on the findings of this study, hand hygiene and personal protective equipment need to be stressed more within the program to improve nursing students' infection control techniques.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.201-208
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• 2014

This study was conducted to investigate hypoacusis due to workplace noise among dental technicians. Pure tone audiometry, impedance audiometry and heart rate variability were measured for 60 dental technicians and office workers in D city from July to November 2013, and a survey on the effects of noise was conducted. SPSS 19.0 was used for statistical analysis. In the result for threshold of pure tone audiometry, the average hearing threshold of left ears in the air conduction (AC) test showed a statistically significant decrease (P=0.019) among dental technicians, who are frequently exposed to workplace noise. The hearing threshold in the AC test for each frequency was significantly different between the two groups at 125 Hz (P=0.012) in right ears and at 1 kHz (P=0.022), 2 kHz (P=0.040), and 8 kHz (P=0.018) in left ears. Dental technicians who had worked for 16 years or longer had a significantly higher incidence of hypoacusis in the right ear (P=0.030) and in the left ear (P=0.010). In impedance audiometry showed a tympanometry result of type A in both the dental technician group and the office worker group.