• Applied Microscopy
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.35-55
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• 1993

cis-Dichlorodiammineplatinum (II) (cis-Platin), a metallic compound, has widely been used as an effective anticancer chemotherapeutic agent. The precise mechanism of action of this agent is still unknown, but it is postulated that cis-Platin may act on the cancer cell like bifunctional alkylating agents. Although this agent is very beneficial to the patients with cervical cancer, germinoma of testis, neuroblastoma and others, it may also damage to the normal cell so that many side effects; severe hemorrhagic enterocolitis, bone marrow depression, renal damage and liver damage will develope. This experiment has been undertaken to pursue the cytotoxic effects of the cis-Platin on the ultrastructures of the interalveolar septum in the mouse lung. A total of 55 healthy male mice of ICR strain were used as experimental animals and divided into 5 mice of normal control group and 50 mice of cis-Platin treated group. The mice of cis-Platin treated group were sacrificed by carotid exsanguination at 6, 12, 24 hours, 3 days and 7 days after intraperitoneal injection of 6.0 mg of cis-Platin ($Abiplatin^R$ Abic Co. Ltd.) per kg of mouse body weight. The specimen obtained from the lower lobe of left lung were sliced into $1mm^3$ and prefixed with 2% glutaraldehyde -2.5% paraformaldehyde solution prepared with Millonig's phosphatae buffer solution (pH 7.4) at $4^{\circ}C$ for 3-4 hours. After postfixation with 1% osmium tetroxide solution all specimens were embedded in Epon 812. Ultrathin sections about $600-800{\AA}$ in thickness were stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate and observed with Hitachi-600 electron microscope. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Local swellings with increase of electron density and number of pinocytic vesicles in the cytoplasms of the type I pneumocyte and endothelial cell of the blood air barrier in interalveolar septum of cis-platin treated mice were observed. 2. Cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum were dilated and sacculated in association with detachment of membrane bound ribosomes of the type II pneumocyte in interalveolar septum of cis-Platin treated mice. 3. Swollon mitochondria with uneven electron density of their matrix were observed in the type II pneumocyte of interalveolar septum in the cis-Platin treated mice. 4. The lamellae of lammelar bodies in type II pneumocyte of interalveolar septum in cis-Platin treated mice were devoided or transformed into homogeneous electron dense material. It is consequently suggested that cis-Platin would induce the cellular edema of type I pneumocyte and endothelial cell, and degenerative changes of cytoplasmic organelles of the type II pneumocyte in the interalveolar septum of the mouse lung.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.86-87
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• 2009

High quality $CuInSe_2$ (CIS) were grown on GaAs substrate by using the hot wall epitaxy method. The behavior of point defects in the CIS layer investigated by using photoluminescence (PL) at 10 K. Point defects originating from $V_{Cu}$, $V_{Se}$, $Cu_{int}$, and $Se_{int}$ were classified as donor or acceptor types. These PL results also led us to confirm that the p-type CIS layer had obviously converted into n-type after the Cu atmosphere treatment. Finally, we found that the In in the CIS layer did not form the native defects, because In existed in the form of stable bonds in the CIS layer.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.644-647
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• 2017

Peptidyl prolyl cis/trans isomerases (PPIases) catalyze the cis/trans isomerization of peptidyl-prolyl peptide bonds preceding prolines. We investigated the protein-protein interaction between a 22 kDa PPIase (VaFKBP22, an FK506-binding protein) and the molecular chaperone DnaK derived from Vibrio anguillarum O1 (VaDnaK) using GST pull-down assays and a bacterial two-hybrid system for in vivo and in vitro studies, respectively. Furthermore, we analyzed the three-dimensional structure of the protein-protein interaction. Based on our results, VaFKBP22 appears to act as a cochaperone of VaDnaK, and contributes to protein folding and stabilization via its peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerization activity.

• Macromolecular Research
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.66-72
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• 2000

Cis-Polybutadiene (cis-PBD) and the three polyethylenes (PE's) having different branch content were mixed to investigate crystallinity, thermodynamic interaction parameter(c), and diluents effect. Crys-tallinty of PE's decreased with increasing content of amorphous cis-PBD because of a decrease in both the degree of annealing and kinetics of diffusion of the crystallizable polymer content. The thermodynamic interaction parameter(c) for the three blend systems approximately equals to zero near the melting point. These systems were determined to be miscible on a molecular scale near or above the crystalline melting point of the crystalline PE's. From the measurement of T$\sub$m/ vs. T$\sub$c/ behavior, all the three blends showed a straight line for a plot of T$\sub$m/ vs. T$\sub$c/. This result means that the melting behavior of PE is mainly due to a diluent effect of cis-PBD component.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.5
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• pp.168-172
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• 1987

Methods were developed to synthesize optically active mercaptoglycerol from optically active isopropylidene glycerols. 1,2-Isopropylideneglycerol was tosylated and the tosyl group displaced with thiolacetate. Base hydrolysis and oxidation gave 1,1'-dithiobis-2,3-isopropylidene-2,3-propanediol. This compound could be used as a source of mercaptoglycerol, or reacted with 1-decenyl lithium to form cis-1-S-dec-1'enyl-2,3-isopropylidene-1-mercapto-2,3-propanediol. The latter is a stereospecific synthetic route to cis-alkenyl thioethers of protected mercaptoglycerol, and it may be useful for the preparation of a thioplasmalogen substrate for plasmalogenase.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.117-122
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• 1980

A new application of high pressure liquid chromatography for the determination of fenitrothion and cis- and trans-neopynamin in insecticidal preparations was investigated. Optimum conditions for a good separation and determination were determined; solvent system: dichloromethane + n-hexane = 17 + 83; Bow rate: 0.5ml/min; column: u-porasil ($4mm{\times}3Ocm$); absorbance wavelength: 254nm; 0.05 AUFS and sample size: 30 ul. Recovery of fenicrothion, cis- and trans-neopynamin from mixed artificial preparations was 99.6%, 99.7% and 99.8% respectively. Also reproducibility tests showed that the coefficient of variation was 0.89% for fenitrothion, 0.74% cis-neopynamin and 1.1% for trans-neopynamin. There was no interference with insecticidal preparation containing DDVP, allethrin, S-421 and kerosene. HPLC method was rapid, accurate and it gave better reproducibility and higher sensitivity than any other analytical method. It was considered that HPLC could be greatly applied to the analysis of fenitrothion and neopynamin in insecticidal preparations.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.39-45
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• 1993

We have examined Raman spectra of cis-peptide model complex, diketopiperazine in water and $D_2O$ with 320 nm through 218 nm excitation. Our study examines assignment of the resonance enhanced amide vibrations and characterizes their enhancement mechanism. Three resonance enhaned cis-peptide marker bands were observed in aqueous solution at 1676, 1533 and $806cm^{-1}$, which were assigned to the cis-amide I, II and S band, respectively. The $1533cm^{-1}$ amide II band, which is almost pure C-N stretching, was most dominant in water and shifted to $1520cm^{-1}$ upon N-deuteration. This band will be probably a potential probe band for cis-peptide moieties in proteins. The excitation profile data and an Albrecht A-term fit indicated that the cis-peptide vibrations derive their intensities from the 188 nm cis-peptide ${\pi}-{\pi}^*$ electronic transition. We Propose that the geometry of cis-peptide ${\pi}^*$ excited state is C-N bond displacement relative to that of electronic ground state.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.20-27
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• 2011

A CMOS Image Sensor(CIS) mounted on mobile appliances always needs a low power consumption because of the battery life cycle. In this paper, we propose novel power reduction techniques such as a data flip-flop circuit with leakage current elimination, a low power single slope A/D converter with a novel comparator, and etc. Based on 0.13um CMOS process, the chip satisfies QVGA resolution($320{\times}240$ pixels) whose pitch is 2.25um and whose structure is 4-Tr active pixel sensor. From the experimental results, the ADC in the middle of CIS has a 10-b resolution, the operating speed of CIS is 16 frame/s, and the power dissipation is 25mW at 3.3V(Analog)/1.8V(Digital) power supply. When we compare the proposed CIS with conventional ones, the power consumption is reduced approximately by 22% in sleep mode, 20% in operating mode.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.187-192
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• 1998

The cis- and trans-diastereomers of the 7,8-dihydro-7-deazapurine derivatives were synthesized from the corresponding diastereomers of 4-tran5-cyano-2-methyl-3-phenyl-5-oxopyrrolidine (5), which were reduced from the 2-cis- and 2-tran5-diastereomers of 4-trans-cyano-2-hydroxymethyl-3-phenyl-5-oxopyrrolidine (2) via tosylation, iodination and following elimination respectively. The prepared cis- and ttans-diastereomers of 6-amino-2-mercapto-8-methyl-7-phenyl-7,8-dihydro-7(9H)-deazapurine (8) were transferred to the corresponding 2-methylthio-diastereomers 9 and following desulfurization with Raney-nickel leaded to the cis and trans-diastereomers of 6-amino-8-methyl-7-phenyl-7,8-dihydro-7(9H)-deazapurine (10), respectively. The synthesized 7-deazapurine derivatives were tested for their antibiotic activity by the serial two-fold dilution method.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.973-980
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• 1998

The fluorescence spectroscopic properties of both trans and cis forms of 9-anthryiethylene derivatives such as 9-AnthCH=$CHCO_2CH_3$ [Ⅰ] and 9-AnthCH=CHCN [Ⅱ] as well as 9-AnthCH=>TEX>$CHCH_2O_2CCH_3$ [Ⅲ] and 9-AnthCH=$CHCH_2OH$ [Ⅳ] have been measured in various solvents. In nonpolar solvent, the trans-I and trans-Ⅱ show dual emission spectral bands at 340 nm and 460 nm when exciting with 270 nm while the other trans derivatives show single emission band at 430 or 460 nm. The dual emissions exhibit different excitation spectra, indicating that two emissive states are different from each other. It is interesting to note that the 340 nm emission of both trans-Ⅰ and trans-Ⅱ is enhanced at the expense of the drastic quenching of the 460 nm emission as the solvent polarity increases. The dual emissions are also observed for both cis-Ⅰ and cis-Ⅱ. The solvent dependence of the fluorescence decay times and quantum yields can be correlated with the solvent and excitation wavelength dependences of the trans→cis photoisomerization quantum yields. These results indicate that the 340 nm emission is originated from the $S_2$ state of the cis-form, and the $S_1$ state is the only singlet excited state presenting a large CT (charge transfer) character to facilitate the photoisomerization.