• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.31-42
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• 1990

Arc must be stable during welding first of all other factors for obtaining sound weldment, especially in the automation of welding process. Arc stability is somewhat sophisticated phenomenon which is not clearly defined yet. In consumable electrode welding, the voltage and current variation due to metal transfer enables to assess arc stability. Recently, statistical analyses of the voltage and current waveform factors are performed to assess the degress of arc stability which is assessed and controlled by operator's own experience by now. But, considering the increasing need and the trend of automation of welding process, it is necessary to monitor arc stability in real-time. In this sutdy, the modified stability index composed of two voltage and current wvaeform factors (arc time and short circuit time) reduced from four factors (arc time, short circuit time, average arc current and average short circuit current) in Mita's index by the welding electrical circuit modeling is proposed and verified by experiments to be well estimating arc stability in the static sense. Also, the recursive calculation form estimating present arc stability in the dynamic sense is developed for real-time estimation. The results of applying the recursive index during welding show good estimation of arc stability in real-time. Therefore, the results of this study offers the mean for real-time control arc stability.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.41-48
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• 1997

For analyzing the characteristics of arc welding processes, an algorithm is necessary to determine the metal transfer mode, arc stability and weld quality. In this study, the weight of spatter during welding was selected for determining the arc stability, which is very relevant to the occurrence of spatter. Weld spatter occurs mainly at the moment when the short circuit is formed and also when it is broken causing the arc to restrike. Based on this fact, the arc stability can be determined by finding the suitable parameters of welding current and arc voltage which influence the weight of spatter. Through various welding experiments, the peak current, the arcing time, the short circuit time, the current and its slope at the start of short circuit were found mainly to influence the weight of spatter. For the convenient usage, an index was proposed by combining all these parameters. It was found that the index is very effective for determining the arc stability.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.52-58
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• 1998

The effect of Si content in welding wires on th arc stability was investigate, in the region of short circuit transfer and spray transfer. In the region of short circuit transfer, with increasing Si content, average arcing time and average short circuit time were increased. Therefore, droplet transfer frequency was decreased, due to the increase of arcing time and peak current at the moment of arc-reiginition was increased, due to the increase of short circuit time. In the region of spray transfer, the fluctuations of arc current and arc voltage was the most stable in wire with Si content of about 00.60 wt.%.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.55-61
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• 1999

The effect of S content in welding wires on the arc stability was investigated, in the region of short circuit transfer and spray transfer. In the region of short circuit transfer, with increasing S content, average arcing time and average short circuit time were decreased. Therefore, droplet transfer frequency was increased, due to the reduction of arcing time and peak current at the moment of arc-reiginition was decreased, due to the decrease of short circuit time. In the region of spray transfer, the fluctuation degree of arc current and arc voltage became more stable, with increasing S content.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.203-205
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• 2003

A false signal problem of the bleed air leak detection system in a widely used modem airplane is studied in this paper. It is considered to be a problem of stability of the controller unit. An equivalent circuit is extracted from the study. The circuit is considered to be an alternative bridge. A mathematical model is derived to describe the stability of the circuit. The conclusion is drawn that the sending of the false signal is relevant to not only the sensors, but also the detector. If a parameter in the detector is readjusted, then the problem may be avoided.

• 전자공학회논문지SC
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.235-242
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 Chua회로의 카오스 현상을 안정화시키는 퍼지 제어기를 제안한다. 제안되는 퍼지 제어기는 두 가지 과정으로 설계되는데 우선 Chua 회로를 어파인 퍼지 모델로 표현하고 다음은 전체 폐루프의 안정도가 보장되도록 퍼지 제어기를 설계한다. 이를 위해 어파인 퍼지 시스템의 전역 점근 안정조건을 유도하고 이를 선형행렬부등식으로 표현하여 문제를 해결한다. 끝으로 컴퓨터 모의 실험을 통하여 타당성을 확인한다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1987년도 전기.전자공학 학술대회 논문집(I)
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• pp.824-827
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• 1987

The miniturization of a DC-DC converter circuit in connection with the stability is investigated in this paper. As both the capacitance of the smoothing capacitor and the inductance of the reactor are reduced by raising the switching frequency, it is known that the stability of the buck converter declines with the switching frequency but the buck-boost converter has a nearly uniform stability. Furthermore, that in the frequency region above a certain switching frequency the buck-boost converter is suitable for the miniturization of circuit is cleared.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제24권8호
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• pp.1885-1898
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• 2000

Welding quality is closely related to the arc state. So, it is very important to estimate the arc state in real time. In the short circuit transfer region of CO2 are welding, the spatter , as it is well known, is mainly generated on an instance of short circuit or on an instance that the are is ignited after short circuit, or on the cases of an instantaneous short circuit. If the short circuit period or the arc time is irregular, the spatter is generated more than it is regular. Thus there is a close relationship of the amount of the spatter generation with the arc stability. In this paper, to develop the index for estimating the arc stability in short circuit transfer range Of CO2 arc welding, the welding current and are voltage waveforms were measured and the spatter generated was captured and measured. The correlation analysis of the measured amount of the spatter with the factors (the components and the standard deviations of the components) was performed, and the factors that have a considerable influence on the spatter generation among all factors were selected. And some cases of models consisted of the factors were presented, and a mathematical index model which can make an estimation the amount of the spatter from these models with multiple regression analysis. Also, it was compared how much the amount of the spatter generated under the selected welding conditions do these index models fit, and the index model to estimate the arc stability which represent the spatter generation most appropriately was developed

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제13권9호
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• pp.882-888
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• 2002

본 논문에서는 공정변화와 온도변화에 의한 MMIC의 성능저하를 보상할 수 있는 바이어스 안정화 회로를 제안하였다. 제안된 바이어스 안정화 회로는 기존의 정전류원을 사용하는 바이어스 회로와의 비교를 통하여 그 효과를 검증하였다. 두 구조를 동일한 조건으로 비교하기 위해 하나의 레이아웃에 두 구조를 채택한 증폭기를 동시에 설계 및 제작을 하였다. 공정오차는 세가지 경우 NOM, MIM, MAX로 구분하고 각각에 대해 고주파 특성을 측정하였다. 측정 결과로 정전류원을 가지는 바이어스회로를 채택한 증폭기 의 1.8 GHz에서의 이득변화는 6.4 dB, Ids 변화 7 mA이지만 제안된 바이어스회로를 채택한 증폭기는 이득변화는 2.1 dB, Ids 변화 3 mA로 우수한 특성을 보임을 확인하였다. 따라서, 제안된 바이어스 회로를 적용한 MMIC는 공정상의 변화와 온도 등에 의한 동작점의 변화를 보상하여 고주파특성의 감쇠를 보상할 수 있고 궁극적으로 회로의 수율을 개선할 수 있다. 제작된 회로의 전체크기는 1.2 mm $\times$ 1.4 mm이다.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.369-376
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• 2022

In this study, the stability of an anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer (AEMWE) cell was evaluated in an on-off cycling operation with respect to an applied electric bias, i.e., a current density of 500 mA cm^-2, and an open circuit. The ohmic and polarization resistances of the system were monitored during operation (~800 h) using electrochemical impedance spectra. Specific consideration was given to the ohmic resistance of the cell, especially that of the membrane under on-off cycling conditions, by consistently feeding the cell with KOH solution. Owing to an excess feed solution, a momentary increase in the polarization resistance was observed immediately after the open-circuit. The excess feed solution was mostly recovered by subjecting the cell to the applied electric bias. Stability tests on the AEMWE cell under on-off cycling with continuous feeding even under an open circuit can guarantee long-term stability by avoiding an irreversible increase in ohmic and polarization resistances.