• Journal of Welding and Joining
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.31-42
• /
• 1990

Arc must be stable during welding first of all other factors for obtaining sound weldment, especially in the automation of welding process. Arc stability is somewhat sophisticated phenomenon which is not clearly defined yet. In consumable electrode welding, the voltage and current variation due to metal transfer enables to assess arc stability. Recently, statistical analyses of the voltage and current waveform factors are performed to assess the degress of arc stability which is assessed and controlled by operator's own experience by now. But, considering the increasing need and the trend of automation of welding process, it is necessary to monitor arc stability in real-time. In this sutdy, the modified stability index composed of two voltage and current wvaeform factors (arc time and short circuit time) reduced from four factors (arc time, short circuit time, average arc current and average short circuit current) in Mita's index by the welding electrical circuit modeling is proposed and verified by experiments to be well estimating arc stability in the static sense. Also, the recursive calculation form estimating present arc stability in the dynamic sense is developed for real-time estimation. The results of applying the recursive index during welding show good estimation of arc stability in real-time. Therefore, the results of this study offers the mean for real-time control arc stability.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
• /
• v.15 no.6
• /
• pp.41-48
• /
• 1997

For analyzing the characteristics of arc welding processes, an algorithm is necessary to determine the metal transfer mode, arc stability and weld quality. In this study, the weight of spatter during welding was selected for determining the arc stability, which is very relevant to the occurrence of spatter. Weld spatter occurs mainly at the moment when the short circuit is formed and also when it is broken causing the arc to restrike. Based on this fact, the arc stability can be determined by finding the suitable parameters of welding current and arc voltage which influence the weight of spatter. Through various welding experiments, the peak current, the arcing time, the short circuit time, the current and its slope at the start of short circuit were found mainly to influence the weight of spatter. For the convenient usage, an index was proposed by combining all these parameters. It was found that the index is very effective for determining the arc stability.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
• /
• v.16 no.6
• /
• pp.52-58
• /
• 1998

The effect of Si content in welding wires on th arc stability was investigate, in the region of short circuit transfer and spray transfer. In the region of short circuit transfer, with increasing Si content, average arcing time and average short circuit time were increased. Therefore, droplet transfer frequency was decreased, due to the increase of arcing time and peak current at the moment of arc-reiginition was increased, due to the increase of short circuit time. In the region of spray transfer, the fluctuations of arc current and arc voltage was the most stable in wire with Si content of about 00.60 wt.%.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.55-61
• /
• 1999

The effect of S content in welding wires on the arc stability was investigated, in the region of short circuit transfer and spray transfer. In the region of short circuit transfer, with increasing S content, average arcing time and average short circuit time were decreased. Therefore, droplet transfer frequency was increased, due to the reduction of arcing time and peak current at the moment of arc-reiginition was decreased, due to the decrease of short circuit time. In the region of spray transfer, the fluctuation degree of arc current and arc voltage became more stable, with increasing S content.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.203-205
• /
• 2003

A false signal problem of the bleed air leak detection system in a widely used modem airplane is studied in this paper. It is considered to be a problem of stability of the controller unit. An equivalent circuit is extracted from the study. The circuit is considered to be an alternative bridge. A mathematical model is derived to describe the stability of the circuit. The conclusion is drawn that the sending of the false signal is relevant to not only the sensors, but also the detector. If a parameter in the detector is readjusted, then the problem may be avoided.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
• /
• v.40 no.4
• /
• pp.235-242
• /
• 2003

In this paper, a fuzzy controller is designed to suppress and stabilize the chaotic behavior of Chua's circuit. This controller is constructed by the following two phases. First, Chua's circuit is represented by an affine fuzzy model. Second, a fuzzy controller is designed so that the stability of the closed-loop system composed of the fuzzy controller and the affine fuzzy model of Chua's circuit is rigorously guaranteed. The stability condition of the affine fuzzy system is derived and is recast in the formulation of linear matrix inequalities. The guaranteed stability is global and asymptotic. Finally, the applicability of the suggested methodology is highlighted via computer simulations.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 1987.07a
• /
• pp.824-827
• /
• 1987

The miniturization of a DC-DC converter circuit in connection with the stability is investigated in this paper. As both the capacitance of the smoothing capacitor and the inductance of the reactor are reduced by raising the switching frequency, it is known that the stability of the buck converter declines with the switching frequency but the buck-boost converter has a nearly uniform stability. Furthermore, that in the frequency region above a certain switching frequency the buck-boost converter is suitable for the miniturization of circuit is cleared.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.24 no.8 s.179
• /
• pp.1885-1898
• /
• 2000

Welding quality is closely related to the arc state. So, it is very important to estimate the arc state in real time. In the short circuit transfer region of CO2 are welding, the spatter , as it is well known, is mainly generated on an instance of short circuit or on an instance that the are is ignited after short circuit, or on the cases of an instantaneous short circuit. If the short circuit period or the arc time is irregular, the spatter is generated more than it is regular. Thus there is a close relationship of the amount of the spatter generation with the arc stability. In this paper, to develop the index for estimating the arc stability in short circuit transfer range Of CO2 arc welding, the welding current and are voltage waveforms were measured and the spatter generated was captured and measured. The correlation analysis of the measured amount of the spatter with the factors (the components and the standard deviations of the components) was performed, and the factors that have a considerable influence on the spatter generation among all factors were selected. And some cases of models consisted of the factors were presented, and a mathematical index model which can make an estimation the amount of the spatter from these models with multiple regression analysis. Also, it was compared how much the amount of the spatter generated under the selected welding conditions do these index models fit, and the index model to estimate the arc stability which represent the spatter generation most appropriately was developed

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
• /
• v.13 no.9
• /
• pp.882-888
• /
• 2002

This paper proposed a bias stability circuit that compensates the degradation of MMIC's performance for the variation of the process and temperature. The proposed bias circuit proved the superior effect compared with the conventional bias circuit using the constant current source. It designed and fabricated simultaneously two amplifier on one layout for comparison in same conditions. One is amplifier with conventional bias circuit using constant current source and the other is amplifier with proposed bias stability circuit. The chip was measured the microwave performances under process variation that classed the level NOM, MIN and MAX. The amplifier with a conventional bias circuit using constant current source has 6.4 dB gain variation and 7 mA Ids variation at 1.8 GHz, but the amplifier with the proposed bias circuit has the 2.1 dB gain variation and 3 mA Ids variation. As the result, MMIC having the proposed bias circuit shows the superior compensation of the quiescent point than the MMIC having the conventional bias circuit under the variations of the process and temperature and can improve the yield of the MMIC. The fabricated chip size is 1.2 mm $\times$ 1.4 mm.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.369-376
• /
• 2022

In this study, the stability of an anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer (AEMWE) cell was evaluated in an on-off cycling operation with respect to an applied electric bias, i.e., a current density of 500 mA cm^-2, and an open circuit. The ohmic and polarization resistances of the system were monitored during operation (~800 h) using electrochemical impedance spectra. Specific consideration was given to the ohmic resistance of the cell, especially that of the membrane under on-off cycling conditions, by consistently feeding the cell with KOH solution. Owing to an excess feed solution, a momentary increase in the polarization resistance was observed immediately after the open-circuit. The excess feed solution was mostly recovered by subjecting the cell to the applied electric bias. Stability tests on the AEMWE cell under on-off cycling with continuous feeding even under an open circuit can guarantee long-term stability by avoiding an irreversible increase in ohmic and polarization resistances.