• 분석과학
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.14-22
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• 2018

After signing the WHO FCTC in 2003, South Korea ratified the FCTC in 2005. This study was conducted to provide data on toxic constituents that can be used as useful information for the level of exposure to Korean smokers. Emissions data from five brands of cigarettes were tested under the ISO and "Canadian Intense (HCI)" smoking regimes, respectively. We conducted an analysis of 25 compounds containing nicotine, tar, carbonyls, phenolics, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and semi-VOC cigarette smoke. Tar and nicotine showed levels of 4.3 to 5.8 mg/cig and 0.4 to 0.5 mg/cig, respectively, which are within the range of tolerance presented in ISO 8243. In the case of carbonyls, formaldehyde was detected within a range of 8.2 to $14.3{\mu}g/cig$, and acetaldehyde was present within a range of 224.7 to $327.2{\mu}g/cig$ under the ISO smoke regime. Crotonaldehyde was not detected under the ISO regime, and all of the carbonyls showed values 2.3 to 4.5 times higher under the HCI regime than those under the ISO regime. Catechol, which showed a level of 47.0 to $80.5{\mu}g/cig$ under the ISO regime and 117.5 to $184.7{\mu}g/cig$ under the HCI regime, was the highest constituent among the phenols. The amount of isoprene was 91.7 to $158.3{\mu}g/cig$ under the ISO regime and 221.0 to 377.0 under the HCI regime. To summarize, most of the constituents showed a tendency to be detected at levels 2 to 4 times higher under the HCI regime than under the ISO regime. Above all, these results represent the first analysis in Korea from an independent institute of tobacco companies under accreditation of ISO 17025.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.41-54
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• 2010

담배 주류연은 수천가지 종류의 다양한 형태의 화학물질로 구성되어있고, 이들 화학물질의 대부분은 극히 미량의 농도로 존재하는 것으로 알려져 있다(Green and Rodgman, 1996). 담배연기 속에서 발암물질로서는 poly cyclic aromatic hydrycarbon (PAHs) 류인 B(a)P를 최초로 보고된 이후, 현재까지 69종의 화합물이 담배연기중의 발암물질로서 알려졌으며, 여기에는 9종의 PAHs 그리고 4종의 aromatic amine, nitrosoamines 및 aldehydes 그리고 다른 무기 및 유기 화합물들을 포함된다. 또한 담배 주류연에는 여러 화학물질들에 의해 유발된 생물학적 독성을 상당히 감소시키는 것으로 확인된 성분들이 존재하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이러한 담배연기 중에 존재하는 항 발암성 효과를 나타내는 성분들의 작용 메카니즘은 발암성 물질 또는 발암성 물질의 대사산물들과 반응을 하거나, 불활성화 시키거나, 세포 구성 물질들과의 반응에서 서로 경쟁하거나, 또는 발암성의 흡수를 간섭함으로서 발암성 효과를 없애거나 또는 감소시키는 것으로 생각된다. 여러 연구자들은 담배연기 응축물에서 종양 성장의 억제 작용을 하는 성분들이 존재하는 것으로 주장 하고 있다.(Hoffmann and Griffin, 1958; Fall et al., 1964; Homburger and Tregier, 1965). 담배 연기 중에는 발암성을 나타내는 성분들과 함께 항 발암성 및 항 돌연변이성 효과를 나타내는 성분들이 존재한다는 것이 다양한 생물학적 평가 연구들에 의해 증명되었다(Slaga and DiGivanni, 1984; Fay et al., 1984; Green and Rodgman, 1996).

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.225-230
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• 1995

The effect of long-term ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) administration on the clearance of carboxyhemoglobin (CO-Hb) and the property of blood gases was investigated in rats. Rats were received ginseng water extract (0.025% in drinking water) for 42 weeks starting at the age of 6 weeks. They were exposed to the diluted mainstream smoke generated from 15 filter cigarettes for 20 min in a round polycarbonate chamber (D37 cmXH13 cm). Under this condition, the mean CO-Hb content of control and the ginseng-treated rats immediately after the exposure was nearly the same as 13.8$\pm$2.9 f) and 13.9$\pm$1.6%, respectively. However, CO-Hb was more rapidly removed from blood in the ginseng treated rats than in untreatEd control with the laps of time, namely, its biological half life In the former was 36.9$\pm$1.5 min and in the latter was 56.9$\pm$13.2 min. Although long-term ginseng treatment did not affect the content of hemoglobin and blood pH of rats, it slightly increased blood oxygen content and its partial pressure value, and decreased levels of carbon dioxide and bicarbonate. These results suggest that long-term administration of rats with ginseng extract accelerate the elimination of CO from the blood. This effect seems to be related to the enhancement of oxygen consumption of the rat by a certain action of ginseng components as previously reported.