• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.585-590
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• 1998

To renew interest in Chrysanthemum boreale as a traditional food material, response surface methodology was used for optimizing extraction conditions and monitoring physicochemical properties of ethanol extracts from Chrysanthemum petal. The phenolic compounds of ethanol extracts were minimized in 87ml/g(solvent per sample), 21%(ethanol concentration), and 15 hours(extraction time). The physicochemical properties of ethanol extracts were maximized in the conditions of 115ml/g, 98% and 16 hours on yellow color intensity, 143ml/g, 75% and 19 hours on carotenoid content, and 148ml/g, 53% and 18 hours on soluble solid content. Optimum ranges of extraction condition for physicochemical properties of Chrysanthemum boreale were 130~150ml/g, 70~85% and 20~28 hours, respectively. Predicted values at the optimum extraction condition were in good agreement with experimental values.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.122-127
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• 2008

The aroma constituents of Chrysanthemum indicum L. were separated by the hydro distillation extraction method using a Clevenger-type apparatus, and were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The yield of Chrysanthemum indicum L. flower oil was 2.0% (w/w) and the color was light golden yellow. Sixty-three volatile flavor components, which make up 89.28% of the total aroma composition of the flower oil, were tentatively characterized. This essential oil contained 35 hydrocarbons (48.75%), 12 alcohols (19.92%), 6 ketones (15.31%), 3 esters (4.61%), 5 aldehydes (0.43%), 1 oxide (0.22%), and 1 miscellaneous component (0.04%). ${\alpha}$-Pinene (14.63%), 1,8-cineol (10.71%) and chrysanthenone (10.01%) were the predominant volatile components in Chrysanthemum indicum L., an aromatic medicinal herbaceous plant.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.269-272
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• 1995

산국과 감국의 용매분획물과 sesquiterpenoid lactones, Compound I, II를 4종의 미생물에 대하여 항균실험을 하였다. 이 중에서 산국의 chloroform분획과 sesquiterpenoid lactones, Compound I에서 B. subtilis과 V. parahaemolyticus에 대하여 항균력이 있었다. 그리고 야생감국의 chloroform분획과 sesquiterpenoid lactones 에서는 항균력이 산국보다 약하게 나타났으며, Compound II와 재배감국의 모든 분획은 미생물에 대하여 항균력이 전혀 나타나지 않았다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.81-85
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• 2008

Objectives : The aim of this study is to collect data for toxicity and safety of Mud chrysanthemum indicum. Methods : In this study, we investigated the acute toxicity for buthanol-extracted Mud schrysanthemum indicum, 25 male and 25 female mice were observed for 14days after one day oral administration of Mud chrysanthemum indicum at the respective doses of 0(control group), 1024, 1280, 1600 and 2000mg/kg. Results : We observed survival rates, general toxicity, change of body weight and autopsy. No abnormality was found for all cases. Conclusions : The data confirmed that Mud chrysanthemum indicum is free from, the toxicity and safety problems. Compared with the control group, we could not find any toxic alteration in all treated groups (1024, 1280, 1600 and 2000mg/kg), In conclusion, LD50 of Mud chrysanthemum indicum was over 2000 mg/kg and it is very safe to mice.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.126-126
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• 2003

Incidence of crown gall on lower stem of chrysanthemum, Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat., was first observed at Hwasung, Gyeonggi, Korea in 2001, Tumors on the stem were 1.5-2 cm in size and semi-round with rough surface texture of dark brown color. Four strains of bacteria isolated from the tumor tissues were characterized. Their colonies were convex, glistening, circular with an entire edge, and white to tannish-cream in color on PDA plus CaCO$_3$. They were gram negative, oxidase positive, and growing on DIM agar. The bacterial isolates inducing gall formation in chrysanthemum were identified as Agrobacterium tumefaciens based on biochemical and physiological characteristics, fatty acid profile using Sherlock Microbial Identification System, and substrate utilization patterns using Biolog Identification System. Young chrysanthemum plants inoculated with the bacteria developed typical galls within two to three weeks. Seedlings of tomato and slices of carrot roots also produced typical galls two to three weeks after inoculation. This is the first report on crown gall of chrysanthemum in Korea.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.837-842
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• 2010

This study examines the dyeability, light fastness, washing fastness, and antibacterial activity of chitosan and nano silver composite knit fabrics dyed with extracted solution from Chrysanthemum Indicum Linn. The results show that ${\Delta}E$ values of chitosan and nano silver composite knit fabrics were higher than cotton 100% knit fabrics in dyed condition with extracted solution from Chrysanthemum Indicum Linn, and mordant treatments influenced the chrominance change. Chrysanthemum indicum Linn confirmed that this could be a polygenetic colors. ${\Delta}E$ values of post-mordant treatments knit fabrics were higher than pre-mordant treatments knit fabrics in dyed condition with extracted solution from Chrysanthemum Indicum Linn., and mordant treatments method influenced the chrominance change. The dyeability of chitosan and nano silver composite knit fabrics was increased by mordant treatment. The fastness of the chitosan and nano silver composite knit fabrics was better than cotton 100% knit fabrics. In the result of antibacterial activity, the bacterial reduction rate of chitosan and nano silver composite knit fabrics was 99.9% to Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.185-192
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• 2022

This study investigated the volatile flavor components of the essential oil from Chrysanthemum coronarium var. spatiosumBailey. The essential oil obtained from the aerial parts of the plant by the hydrodistillation extraction method was analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. One hundred and one (99.11%) volatile flavor components were identified in the essential oil from the Chrysanthemum coronarium var. spatiosum Bailey. The major compounds were hexanedioic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester (12.45%), 6.10.14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone (7.94%), 1-(phenylethynyl)-1-cyclohexanol (6.34%), α-farnesene (5.55%), phytol (4.99%), and α-caryophyllene (4.39%). When the volatile flavor components of Chrysanthemum coronarium var. spatiosum Bailey were classified by functional group, the content was high in the order of hydrocarbons, alcohols, esters, ketones, aldehydes, and phthalides. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons were the most common hydrocarbons, mainly due to α-farnesene and α-caryophyllene. Among the alcohols, the content of aliphatic alcohols was significantly higher, mainly due to 1-(phenylethnyl)-1-cyclohexanol (6.34%) and phytol (4.99%). The analysis of the volatile flavor components of Chrysanthemum coronarium var. spatiosum Bailey in this study will provide useful information to consumers when purchasing food and to industries using fragrance ingredients.

• 식물병연구
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.237-244
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• 2022

국화(Dendranthema morifolium)는 한국에서 경제적으로 중요한 화훼식물에 포함되고, 바이러스와 바이로이드 병들에 의해 경제적 피해를 받고 있다. 본 연구에서는 충청남도 예산군에서 재배된 국화 350개체를 대상으로 7종의 바이러스들과 2종의 바이로이드들(Chrysanthemum chlorotic mottle viroid, CChMVd; Chrysanthemum stunt viroid, CSVd; Cucumber mosaic virus, CMV; Chrysanthemum virus B, CVB; Chrysanthemum stem necrosis orthotospovirus, CSNV; Impatiens necrotic spot orthotospovirus, INSV; Potato virus X, PVX; Tomato aspermy virus, TAV; Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus, TSWV)을 검정하였다. 그 결과 2종의 바이러스들(CVB-CN-Y, TAV-CN-Y)과 2종의 바이로이드들(CChMVd-CN-Y, CSVd-CN-Y)이 검정되었다. CVBCN-Y는 6개의 국화 식물체들에서 검정되었고, TAV-CN-Y는 한개가 국화 식물체에서만 검정되었다. CChMVd-CN-Y는 97개의 국화 식물체들에서 검정되었으며, CSVd-CN-Y는 21개의 국화 식물체들에서 검정되었다. CVB-CN-Y는 CVB-GS1과 86.9% 염기서열 상동성을 보였으며, TAV-CN-Y는 3개의 분리주들(TAV-Chj, TAV-P, TAV-V)과 100% 염기서열이 일치하였다. CChMVd-CN-Y는 CChMVd-Horst와 99.5% 염기서열 상동성을 보였으며, CSVd-CN-Y는 4개의 분리주들(Au1.1, K4pop, Sagae, Tochigi)과 99.7% 염기서열 상동성을 보였다. 본 연구는 2021년 예산군에서 재배된 국화들을 대상으로 바이러스 및 바이로이드들을 검정하고 그들의 감염률에 관한 보고서이다.

• 한국전통조경학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.201-212
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• 2014

이 연구는 근대 부산의 대정공원에서 3년간에 걸쳐 개최된 국낙원의 준비 과정과 국낙원의 볼거리인 국화로 만든 인형인국인형 그리고 예기(藝妓)들이 꾸민 연무 공연의 내역을 밝혀 지금까지 전혀 알려지지 않았던 대정공원 국낙원의 전모를 밝히고 상업적 성공을 위하여 사용한 홍보 전략을 고찰한 것이다. 1926년부터 1928년까지 3년간에 걸쳐 부산 대정공원에서 개최된 국낙원은 국화를 이용하여 일본 역사의 극적인 장면이나 카부키 등 대중 예술의 한 장면을 인형으로 재현한 국인형, 대륜국과 현애국 그리고 일반 시민들이 가꾼 국화와 분재로 구성한 국화단, 그리고 미도리마치 유곽에서 선발되어 한 달 정도 강습을 받은 일본인 조선인 예기들의 카부키, 구극 등 연무 공연으로 구성되었다. 예기들은 일본과 동래에서 초청한 전문 예능인으로부터 예능을 단기간에 배워 무대에 올랐다. 국낙원의 홍보 전략은 주최자 부산일보가 기획한 것으로 지속적인 보도와 예기들의 인기투표, 경품 행사, 그리고 시민의 참가였다. 국낙원은 3회라고 하는 단명으로 끝났다. 이 연구는 근대도시 시설인 공원의 역할과 기능을 이해하는 데에 필요한 공원의 생활사를 발굴한 것이다.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2018

Objectives : To present rough guide for the proper use of Lycii Fructus and Chrysanthemum indicum on ophthalmic patients. Methods : Traditional medical classics(本草綱目, 銀海精微, 秘傳眼科龍木論, 東醫寶鑑) and recent studies for Lycii Fructus and Chrysanthemum indicum were reviewed. Results : The results are as follows. 1. According to traditional medical classics, the efficacy of Lycii Fructus and Chrysanthemum indicum is removing nebula(退?) and improving acuity of vision(明目). 2. According to contemporary studies, Lycii Fructus has strong antioxidant, neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effect. Chrysanthemum indicum has strong anti-inflammatory effect. Results and Conclusions : The Lycii Fructus is proper to macula or neuro-ophthalmology disease. Chrysanthemum indicum is proper to cornea or conjunctiva disease. Absolutely, It may be changed according to the individual condition. However, this may be a rough guide for usage in Korean medicine ophthalmology.