• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.99-102
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• 1997

The otitis externa frequently occurs in dog. The cause is mostlyan increase of bacterias (for example Staphylococcus spp. Streptococcus spp. and Psudomonas spp.) and/or yeast fungi (especially malassizia pachydermatis) and/or infestation with parasites (otodecits cynotis) which growth is promoted by a change of the microclimate in the external auditory meatus. The worse therapeutic results of medicine is explained by an intolerance and resistence of microorganisms which was often observed. In this study of dog with otitis externa developed a generalised pyoderma. This, in fact, could be a causative factor in the development of otitis externa and its recurrence. Concluded, the surgical treatment is the best method for eliminating chronic otitis externa.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.23-26
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• 2017

Otitis externa (OE) is an inflammatory disease of the externa auditory meatus that occurs commonly in dogs. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests should be performed in case of chronic OE for successful treatment. In this study, identification and antimicrobial susceptibility test of bacteria isolated from dogs with chronic OE was performed. From 60 dogs with chronic OE, 60 bacterial species were identified. The most frequently identified species were Staphylococcus spp. (51%), followed by Pseudomonas spp. (15%) and Enterococcus spp. (14%). A single bacterial infection and multiple bacterial infections were observed in 67.5% and 32.5%, respectively. Staphylococcus spp. was susceptible to imipenum. Pseudomonas spp. was found to be susceptible to amikacin, cefepime, imipenum and piperacillin-tazobactam. Enterococcus spp. was susceptible to ampicillin-sulbactam, imipenum and piperacillin-tazobactam. Imipenum was highly susceptible antibiotic against both Gram-positive and negative bacteria whereas aztreonam and vancomycin were highly resistant. These results could suggest the optimal choice of antimicrobial agents for canine OE treatment.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2020

Canine otitis externa is a common disorder in small animal practice with prevalence up to 20%. In a large percentage of cases, canine otitis externa is a chronic and recurrent disease also associated with drug-resistant bacteria that is difficult to treat with traditional antibiotics. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a new strategy to exterminate pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy against canine otitis externa using three photosensitizer (PS); 5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) and Methyl aminolevulinic acid (MAL) with semiconductor laser diode (SLD, 635nm of wave length), Chlorophyll-lipoid complex (CLC) with light-emitting diode (LED, 660nm of wave length). After PDT, dogs showed improved Otitis Index Score (OTIS) in swelling, exudate, odor, and pain. A result of the cytology test revealed decrease of bacteria and malassezia count in the oil immersion field and colony forming units count. PDT was effective as a bacteriocide of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) and a fungicide of Malassezia pachydermatis. MAL and 5-ALA were more effective PS against canine otitis externa than CLC. These results suggest that PDT is a new strategy to exterminate pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. PDT can be considered as a new therapeutic approach for canine recurrent otitis externa and a countermeasure to drug resistance that is a disadvantage of traditional antibiotic and antifungal therapy.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.308-311
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• 2003

Clinical outcomes of dogs treated for end-stage otitis extema with total ear canal ablation (TECA) combining lateral bullar osteotomy (LBO) at Veterinary medical teaching hospital of Seoul National University from 2001 to 2003 were evaluated. In 14 dogs, 23 ears, the operation was successful in alleviating all clinical signs of otitis externa and media. The main complication after TECA combining LBO were facial nerve paralysis and the others were recurrent infection and the formation of fistula and cyst. Two cases were tumors. One was ceruminous gland adenoma and the other was squamous cell carcinoma. The operation successfully resolved the original problems in 100% (23 of 23) of the surgically treated ears of these dogs.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.353-356
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• 2002

A 9-year-old male Yorkshire terrior with recurrent chronic otitis externa and otitis interna was referred to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Seoul National University. Radiographic findings indicated mineralization around the right ear canal. A tan nodular mats, 1 cm in diameter. was noted near the tympanum after total ear canal ablation. Cytologically. the imprint smear of the cut surface of the mass produced clusters of cells with abundant and weakly basophilic cytoplasm, one small round nucleus and one or two nucleoli, mixed with both degenerate and non degenerate neutrophils. The location of the nuclei was eccentric, and some cells contained somewhat coarse black granules in their cytoplasms, on which the mass was diagnoted as ceruminous gland adenoma or hyperplasia associated with inflammation. Histopathologic examination of the tumor was compatible with a diagnosit of ceruminous gland adenoma. The patient is responding well to sugery and antimicrobial treatment.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.100-106
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• 2013

A clinical trial was performed to assess clinical efficacy and/or reduction in relapses by gold-bead implantation into acupuncture points in dogs with canine chronic recurrent otitis externa (CCROE). Forty dog-patients randomly divided into two groups were diagnosed as suffering CCROE, having intact tympanic membranes and a history of recurrences. Treatments were: control group (CG), treated with commercially available antimicrobial otic droplets, dosed twice daily for 7 days; and experimental group (GBI- gold bead implants), treated as for CG plus the insertion of 13 gold-bead implants under light anesthesia. Overall per cent assessment of composite clinical progression and progression of individual clinical signs were recorded. Bilateral chronic external otitis was diagnosed in 60% of the cases and left or right otitis in 20% of the cases each. Logistic model for repeated measures analysis showed that GBI induced a better clinical recovery as far as lesion score of some clinical signs is concerned. The overall percent cures of each group showed statistically significant difference. A McNemar analysis revealed that higher number of relapses was observed in CG patients as compared to the GBI (P < 0.05). In particular during these days, lesion on the pinna showed in odd ratios analysis a 7:1 ratio (recurrence CG:GBI) and ear wax/pus (4:1) from D42 to D365. It is concluded that gold-bead implantation into acupuncture points improves resolution of some clinical signs and greatly reduce relapses in CCROE affected dogs after 1 year follow-up (98.75%).

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.314-319
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• 2006

To determine the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory efficacy of Opuntia ficus-indica for chronic otitis, we evaluated the effects of topical applications of the methanol extracts with 20 cases of dogs which had chronic malignant otitis by pathogens with antibiotic resistance. The dogs had revealed recurrent symptoms of malignant otitis and were not treated by conventional therapeutic agents. However, in this study, the clinical cure rates of Opuntia ficus-indica was 75% and the average alleviation period was $1.21{\pm}0.42$ week, and the mean recovery period was $1.06{\pm}1.06$ week after the initiation of treatment. As the results of this study, topical Opuntia ficus-indica extracts was found to be highly effective for the treatment of chronic malignant otitis with clinical cure rates of 75% within 1.06 weeks of therapy. Further evaluation of Opuntia ficus-indica extracts will allow us to establish and to optimize the therapeutic strategy for the malignant otitis in veterinary practice, and the potential usefulness of this complementary treatment on recurrent infectious pathology.

• 대한수의사회지
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• 제27권11호
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• pp.641-660
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• 1991

Preventive ear management, early detection and treatment of ear diseases, and effective follow-up evaluations are the best approach to eradicating ear diseases. Up to 50$\%$ of dogs with chronic otitis externa may have concurrent otitis media d

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.147-151
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• 2021

A 5-year-old castrated male Maine Coon cat presented with chronic otitis on the right ear. The clinical signs, scratching and head shaking, were recurrent despite symptomatic treatment, including antibiotics and antifungal agents. Video otoscopic examination and computed tomography (CT) examination revealed a polyp in the right ear canal. The polyp was removed via per-endoscopic trans-tympanic traction (PTT) with a grasping forceps. After treatment, Horner's syndrome occurred in the right eye but spontaneously resolved a week later. The mass was diagnosed as inflammatory polyp with a fibrovascular stroma containing plasma cells, lymphocytes, and neutrophils. All clinical signs were improved, and no recurrence was observed after 3 weeks of follow-up. This case report demonstrates that CT scan is effective in identifying the margin of polyp and PTT technique is non-invasive method for treating inflammatory polyp in cats without severe complications.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.26-32
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• 2003

전이도적출술 및 외측고포절골술 (total ear canal ablation combined with lateral bulla osteotomy, TECA-LBO)을 행한 10개의 (6마리의 개) 임상결과를 수술 후 회목과정과 장기간 예후를 통해서 평가하였다. 모든 개들은 아래의 다섯가지 소견을 보일 때 TECA-LBO를 실시하였다. 첫째, 적어도 2개월 이상 약물적인 치료가 더 이상 임상증상을 호전시키지 못하는 경우, 둘째, 고막이 완전히 사라진 경우, 셋째, 고포의 방사선밀도가 증가된 경우, 넷째, petrous temporal bone에 경화가 일어난 경우, 다섯째, 이도의 석회화가 진행된 경우. 수술 후 회복경과는 입원 14일 동안, 퇴원 후 7.5개월에 평가하였다. 수술 후 14일째 만성외이염 및 중이염의 증상인 귀를 긁는 것, 통증, 그리고 귀의 경화는 사라졌다. 그리고 이때 수술부위의 종창, 발적, 머리를 기울이는 증상 그리고 Penrose에 의한 삼출물은 모두 사라졌다. 눈을 깜박이지 못하는 것은 4예에서 발생하였고, 이것은 수술 후 14일째 사라졌다. 하지만 한 경우에는 3개월 뒤에 사라졌다. 모든 개들은 수술 후 14일째 퇴원하였다. 퇴원 후 3.5개월에서 6.5개월 사이에 para-aural abscessation이 모든 코커 스파니엘 종에서 발생하여 VBO을 통해 완치시켰다. TECA-LBO를 행하고 para-aural abscessation이 생기지 않은 개들에서는 수술 후 7.5개월 후 귀를 긁는 것, 통증, 귀의 경화가 더 이상 발견되지 않았고, 듣는 능력도 향상되었다. 또한 TECA-LBO를 행하고 para-aural abscessation이 생긴 개들에서는 VBO를 행하고 7.5개월 후 귀를 긁는 것, 통증, 귀의 경화가 더 이상 발견되지 않았고, 듣는 능력도 향상되었다. 결론적으로 전이도적출술 및 외측고포절골술은 적용한 후 약 2주 정도의 치료 경과를 보였고 치료 후 코커 스파니엘종을 제외하고는 별다른 합병증 없이 좋은 회복을 보였다. 그리고 수술 후 눈을 깜박이지 못하는 것은 수술 후 약 2주안에 자연적으로 사라졌다. 그리고, para-aural abscessation은 수술 후 4개월에서 7개월 사이에 발생하므로 follow-up 은 8개월까지 이루어져야 한다.