• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.257-263
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• 2011

In general, the blood cell culture is a common method for animal chromosome preparation. However, every animal and its cells have unique physiological characteristics and functions. Hence, it is very difficult to find the suitable method of chromosome preparation using animal lymphocyte culture. This study was carried out to fine the suitable method of chromosome preparation using lymphocytes cultures in mammalians and aves including cattle, rat, mouse and chicken. To seek the optimal method of lymphocyte culture in each animal, $2^3$ factorial experiment was designed. The design evaluated three main effects in culture duration, kinds of mitogen supplements and colcemid exposure time with two levels within each effect. The mitotic index and the score of chromosome morphology were analyzed. In results, the suitable methods of lymphocyte culture for chromosome preparation were 72 hours culture, pokeweed mitogen(PWM) supplement and 90 minutes of colcemid exposure in cattle, 72 hours culture, PWM supplement and 50 minutes of colcemid exposure in chicken, 96 hours culture, concanavalin A supplement and 90 minutes of colcemid exposure in rat, and 72 hours culture, PWM supplement and 50 minutes of colcemid exposure in mouse, respectively. In conclusion, kinds of mitogen, culture duration and colcemid exposure time significantly affected the mitotic index and chromosome morphology, in animal lymphocyte culture. The interaction effects between/among treatment factors were also statistically significant.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2001

Protoplasts isolated from inbred lines of Brassica oleracea L. var capitata (cabbage) and Brassica campestris L. ssp. pekinensis (Chinese cabbage) were fused by PEG-mediated method, and somatic hybrid cells were differentiated into plants. for the identification of somatic hybrid plants, ploidy level, plant morphology, and cytological analysis were performed. All of the regenerated plants derived from fused protoplasts were shown to be 2X-4X, or higher ploidy level, presumably due to somatic hybridization or chromosome doubling. The morphology of leaves, petioles, and flowers showed an intermediate phenotype between Chinese cabbage and cabbage. Chromosome numbers in these somatic hybrids ranged mostly from 33 to 38. According to Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) pattern, signals from both fusion parents of B.campestris or B.oleracea were detected in different colors when chromosomes of putative somatic hybrids were observed.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.21-27
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• 1963

This study is concerned with alterations in chromosomes (numbers and morphology) when the culture of Chinese hamster cells (FAF-28 strain) was treated by steroids, testosterone and DOC. 1. In 200 cells of normal untreated cells as control population the chromosome of stemline was decided as which was contained in 158 cells ; that is , in 79 percent of the population. The average chromosome number in above 20 cells observed was calculated as 23.95 with minimum limit at 20 and maximum limit at 70. 2. Many different chromosome numbers, ranging from 19 to 352 were observed in the 200 cells treated by testosterone. The diploid number of 22 showed the peak of variation curve was counted in 71 cells (35.5%) and an average chromosome number of stemline was 22 which was counted in 74 cells (37%). While all of the chromosome number of stemline was 22 which was counted in 74 cells (37%). While all of the chromosome numbers in the 200 cells observed ranged from 20 to 181 , an average chromosome number was also found to be 30.09. 4. The chromosome component in the cultured normal FAF-28 cells with 22 diploid chromosomeswas as follows ; 9a) 2 paris were long and metacentric (LM), (b) 3 pairs were medium length and metacentric (MM), (c) 3 pairs were small and subtelocentric (SS) and (d) 3 pairs were small and metacentric (SM). 5. The twenty cells with 44 chromosomes were selected at random from each cell population treated with testosterone and DOC , so that chromosome idiogram and morphology could be studies. In the twenty cells of the testosterone treated population the average ratio of above four groups, LM ; MM;Ss:SM, was found to be 8.6 : 10.8:13.5:10.7. On the other hand, the average ratio in the same number of cells of the DOC treated one was 7.7 :11.4:12.5:12.7. 6. The five types of the altered chromosomes morphologically in the hundred cells selected at random from each cell population treated by testosterone and DOC were observed (Type I-V). The thirty-one altered chromosomes were found to be in the testosterone treated cell population and the sixteen in DOC treated.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.83-87
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• 1985

This experiment was carried out to identify the chromosomes of silkie. It was many difference from other breeds in morphology and characteristics. In this experiment, chromosomal analysis was used early embryos. In aspect of morphological chromosomes, chromosomal size and shape are similar to other breeds. The chromosomes of silkie were shown to morphlogy as follows. They were identified that chromosome #l and #2 were grouped as submentacentric, ＃3, ＃5 and ＃6 were telocentric ＃4 and ＃7 were acrocentric and ＃8 was metacentric chromosome. Zㆍsex chromosome was shown 5th, W-sex chromosome was 8th to 9th and they were metacentric chromosome, respectively. Each chromosome through the G-banding was shown the 3 dark bands in 1 p2, distinct light band in 1p1, dark band in 2p2, broad light band in 3pl, dark band from centromere and distal part in 4th chromosome and dark band in 5pl. Z-sex chromosome was shown dark at p-arm distal part.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.311-319
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• 2001

제주도의 고유종인 한라고들빼기 (Lactuca hallaisanensis H. $L{\acute{e}}v$.)의 분류학적 위치를 밝히기 위하여 과피의 해부학적 형질 및 염색체 형질을 조사하였다. 한라고들빼기의 과피의 종단면의 해부학적 형질은 가장 중앙에는 배가 차지하고, 나선무늬로 비후된 종피로 둘러싸여 있었다. 과피는 늑부(costa)와 늑부간(intercosta)으로 구성되어졌고, 늑부의 수는 10-11개 정도이었다. 늑부는 인피상섬유(libriform fibre)가 거의 대부분을 차지하며, 섬유상보강조직(fibre-sclereid)은 1-2열의 세포층을 이루었다. 본 연구결과 체세포 염색체수는 2n=10, 염색체 기본수가 X=5이었다. 염색체의 전체 길이는 $23.3{\mu}m$이었고, 각 염색체의 크기는 $1.9{\mu}m-2.9{\mu}m$이었으며, 기본 핵형은 3sm+2st이었고, 1번 염색체에 2차 응축을 가졌다. 과피의 해부학적 형질 및 핵형학적 형질을 비교하면 한라고들빼기는 상치속보다는 긴갯고들빼기속과 대부분의 형질을 공유하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 그러므로, 한라고들빼기의 학명은 상치속(Lactuca)보다는 긴갯고들빼기속(Crepidiastrum)으로 전속하여야만 한다.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.35-48
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• 1969

This study was made on the taxa Chrysanthemum zawadskii complex that grow in South Korea on the basis of chromosomes, epidermis, pollens and gross morphology. I have found four types of chromosome numbers, 36, 45, 54, and 72 as a polyploidal series. Even though the gross morphology was quite similar almost the same gross morphology, chromosome number was different among the taxa. The taxa of 36 chromosomes present broad and fine lobed leaves which grow separately, broad leafed taxon in the mainland of Korea and the other's in Ullungdo Island which is isolated form the mainland in the East Sea. The taxa of 54 chromosomes are also present in the broad and in the fine lobed leaves. The fine lobed leave taxon grows in central to northern Korea and in the high altitude of mountains. Broad leafed taxon grows in central to southern Korea and comparatively lower altitude of the mountains. The taxon of 72 chromosomes is grown in the high altitude of Mt. Hallasan which is isolated from the mainland of Korea. According to this study of Chrysanthemum zawadskii complex, I have arranged the scientific names, as Chrysanthemum zawadskii subsp. latilobum, subsp. acutilobum, subsp. naktongenese, subsp. lucidum, subsp. coreanum and hybrid between subsp. acutilobum X subsp. latilobum.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.207-214
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• 1994

This study was carried out to develop the methodology of chromosome preparation from blood cultures in mammals which included human, mouse, cattle and pig. For karyotyping, 0.5-5.0ml of peripheral blood were collected and cultured. The satisfactory results were obtained from macroculture and microculture in all species. In culture, the patterns of cell growth were no difference among media except serum concentration and mitogen supplement. The presence of mitogen and fetal bovine serum in medium significantly affected the mitotic index. The optimal culture condition was 37$^{\circ}C$ for 3 days. And the concentration of colcemid and reincubation time also affected the chromosome morphology. In harvest, chromosome patterns were mainly affected on hypotonic treatment which included treated time and temperature, dropwise of fixative solution, and drying after slide preparation.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.166-169
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• 2023

Carex brevispicula (Cyperaceae) is endemic to Korea and is characterized by constricted achenes, short lateral spikes, and awned staminate and pistillate scales. The species classified in sect. Mitratae occurs throughout South Korea, perennating on mountains and/or rocky slopes under half shadow conditions. Meiotic chromosomes of the species were examined in this study, in which 33 meiotic cells from seven populations were found to be less than 2 ㎛ long with non-constricted chromosomes (n = 34_II). The stable chromosome number may be related to the narrow geographical distribution and/or distinct achene morphology. Further investigations of the distribution, morphological character variation, and chromosome characteristics should be conducted with closely related taxa to understand the derivation of the species and its endemism in Korea.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.292-299
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• 1997

국내에 분포하는 개미취속 및 근연 분류군 17종류에 대하여 다양한 분류형질중 체세포염색체수를 조사하여 분류군에 대한 정확한 학명과 분류학적 위치를 파악하고자 하였다. 본 연구에서 취급된 분류군들의 체세포 염색체수는 동일 분류군내에서 개체간의 변이없이 일정하였고 분류군간에는 다양하게 나타났으며, 기본수에 의하여 x=9와 x=8의 2가지 유형으로 구분되었고 x=9인 유형은 배수성에 의하여 세분되었다. 본 연구에서 단양쑥부쟁이와 제주쑥부쟁이, 눈갯쑥부쟁이의 체세포 염색체수가 처음으로 밝혀졌으며, 국내에서 버드쟁이나물로 동정되어 왔던 개체들은 체세포 염색체수와 잎 형태를 조사한 결과, 가새쑥부쟁이의 변이체로 보는 것이 타당하고 사료된다.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.153-156
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• 2010

한국산 솜다리속 4종에 대한 염색체수를 조사하였다. 산솜다리(L. leiolepis)의 염색체수는 설악산에서 채집된 개체에서 2n = 24로 처음으로 보고되었다. 왜솜다리(L. japonicum) 염색체수는 국내 3지역에서 조사된 개체에서 모두 2n = 28로 동일하였다. 하지만 기존 보고된 한국(2n=26)과 일본산(2n=21, 26)과는 차이를 보였다. 같은 sect. Nobilia에 속하며 형태적으로 유사한 왜솜다리와 한라솜다리(L. hallaisanense)는 염색체수가 2n = 28로 동일하였다. 한국산 들떡쑥(L. leontopodioides)의 염색체수(2n = 24)는 기존 러시아산에서 보고된 것(2n = 26)과 차이를 보였다. 한국산 솜다리속 종들의 염색체는 모두 4배체이거나 이수체로 생각된다.