• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.365-374
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• 2013

The purposes of this study were to evaluate the color characteristics and color sensibility of mulberry/cotton blended fabrics dyed with indigo, the natural dye, and analyze effects of them on color preferences. The values of CIE $L^*$, $a^*$, $b^*$ $C^*$, h were calculated for the color characteristics of indigo-dyed fabrics, and their hue, value, and chroma were calculated according to the Munsell color system. Fifty male and female college students evaluated the color sensibility of nine types fabrics dyed with indigo on a seven-point scale. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, factor analysis, Kruscal-Wallis test, correlation analysis, and regression analysis. The mulberry/cotton blended fabrics naturally dyed with indigo showed the characteristics of PB color tones, low value, and low chroma. The color sensibilities of fabrics dyed with indigo were classified into four factors: 'classic', 'sporty', 'elegant' and 'natural'. There were significant differences according to the fibers and the repeating times of dyeing in the color sensibility for the fabrics. Cotton fabrics were evaluated to be more classic, sporty, elegant, and natural than the mulberry/cotton blended fabrics, and the deeper the color, the more classic, sporty, and elegant the fabric was evaluated. The students preferred the indigo dyed fabrics which have more classic, sporty, and natural sensibility. There were significant relationships between the color sensibilities and colorimetric properties of the fabrics dyed with indigo. The color preferences of the dyed fabrics with indigo were found to be influenced by the 'classic', 'sporty', 'natural' of color sensibility.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.51-61
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to examine the relation between the trend of art and fashion which predominate a certain time. In order to achieve this goal, this study intends to analyze how plasticity found in Mondrian's pictures are applied to modern fashion with its focus on formative elements. Mondrian was ahead of abstractionism, a major trend of contemporary art, and defined the theory of neo-plasticism. The theory of neo-plasticism defined by Mondrian is characterized by the limited expression of lines and shapes by using only vertical and horizontal straight lines, and right angles and four-sided figures weaved by the lines, and the use of achromatic color(black, white, and gray) in three primary colors(red, blue, and yellow). Based on his theory, he fully displayed the world of geometric abstraction. Mondrian's formative elements which have been applied in modern fashion can be divided into shape and color, For the element of shape, first, horizontal and vertical lines have been applied to patterns, trimmings, detail, and plane of textiles through simplification of design, representing proportion, balance, and stress in a silhouette, Second, plane and diamond shapes made of horizontal and vertical lines have been applied to textiles or patterns with uniqueness. For the element of color, first, three primary colors and achromatic colors are used to seek the aesthetics of balance and harmony that are produced in the strain of conflict through brightness, chroma, and complementary colors, Second, primary colors of high chroma and brightness which are much stronger than pictures are used to express a modern sense. Formative elements of neo-plasticism, which have been applied to modern fashion suggested by this study, are connected with the trend of art contemporary designers have borrowed, Accordingly, this study will become a very helpful material which provides designers with original ideas in developing materials and patterns which connect design with art.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.202-207
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• 2010

The effects of ultrasound treatment, in combination with ascorbic acid, on the quality of fresh-cut 'Jonathan' apples was investigated. Prepared apple slices were ultrasonicated in distilled water (US) or in 1%(w/v) ascorbic acid solution (UA) and the other samples were just dipped in 1%(w/v) ascorbic acid solution (AA). All samples were stored at$10^{\circ}C$ for 12 days. UA-treated samples showed high $L^{*}$ and hue values and low $a^{*}$, $b^{*}$, chroma, and ${\Delta}E$ value. Both control and US-treated samples showed considerable browning. A significant inhibition of polyphenol oxidase activity was observed after UA treatment. The level of total phenolics in UA-treated samples was higher on the day of treatment compared with other samples. Total soluble solids, pH, titratable acidity, and gas concentrations were similar in all samples. This study demonstrated that the simultaneous treatment of ultrasound and ascorbic acid was effective in preventing enzymatic browning of fresh-cut 'Jonathan' apples and maintaining total phenolics contents.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.61-71
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• 2004

Recently, various techniques for face detection are studied, but most of them still have problems on processing in real-time. Therefore, in this paper, we propose novel techniques for real-time detection of human faces in sequential images using motion and chroma information. First, background model is used to find a moving area. In this procmoving area. edure, intensity values for reference images are averaged, then skin-color are detected in We use HCr color-space model and adaptive threshold method for detection. Second, binary image labeling is applied to acquire candidate regions for faces. Candidates for mouth and eyes on a face are obtained using differences between green(G) and blue(B), intensity(I) and chroma-red(Cr) value. We also considered distances between eye points and mouth on a face. Experimental results show effectiveness of real-time detection for human faces in sequential images.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.59 no.2
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• pp.1-17
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• 2009

This study is to understand the characteristics of Korean Women's Jeogories in modern times on the changes of its color and coloration over the time. The research was that the characteristics of the costumes produced in modern times ($1890{\sim}2000$) can be categorized into six periods according to the change of times. 1106 women's Jeogories were researched intensively in order to understand them, the conclusions are following: When the Chi-Square Test is applied to conduct cross analγsis of the said six periods divided on the basis of relevant theories, it is found that there is just partial difference in the hues in1890-1959 while there has been a big change in the hues of all Jeogories since 1960. It also seems that such a sudden change In hues took place till the end of the 1970s but there have been no significant difference and no distinct changes in hues sin[e the 1980s. As for color tones, high luminosity and low chroma hues were mainly used in all periods, but low luminosity and high chroma hues have been frequently used since the 1960s. It indicates that the long-used conventional and traditional colors gave way to various colors which were freely applied according to the tendency of individualism In the selection of colors as well. As for the coloration, one-color arrangement was predominant in white clothes while the combination of main color Y and supplementary rotor R was overwhelming in two-color arrangement. After the 1960s, not just the five major rotors but diverse colors, including bluish green, dark blue, were used, even varied patterns for linings.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.323-328
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• 2001

Meat quality of the domestic pork carcasses(n=330) classified in 3 groups according to the Hunter L values postmortem($\leq$50, 50.1∼55.0 and $\geq$55.1) was investigated. The carcass temperature(3, 5, 10 and 15hr postmortem) and temperature falling rate of postmortem increased as the Hunter L value increased. The pH postmortem(pH$\_$ohr/, pH$\_$24hr/) decreased as the Hunter L value decreased. In physical traits, the water holding capacity(WHC) increased and the purge loss decreased as the Hunter L value increased. However, shear force, cooking loss and fat hardness were not significantly different among different. Hunter L value groups(p<0.05). The meat color indices(CIE L*, a*, b*, chroma, hue and ΔE) increased as Hunter L value increased. The sensory characteristics had no significant difference among different Hunter L value groups(p<0.05). In conclusion, the results suggested that Hunter L values were related with pork quality such as temperature, pH, physical traits and color.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.27 no.11
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• pp.1338-1349
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• 2003

The color of apparels has the close interdependency on the skin colors of the wearers. This study was carried out to group the skin colors of Korean males into several similar skin colors and to analyze their preference colors. The skin colors were measured quantitatively and classified into several clusters that has similar hue, value and chroma with Munsell color system that is internationally used to communicate the colors. Sample size was 420 Korean males. With color spectrometer, JX-777, 4 points of the body were measured. All subjects had been shown with 40 color chips and answered their preference colors. Data were analysed by K-means Cluster analysis, Duncan test, Frequency and Chi square test using SPSS WIN 10 statistical package. Findings were as follows: 1. The skin colors of Korean males were mixed with skin colors of YR, R, and Y. 2. 420 subjects who have YR color were clustered in 3 kinds of skin color groups. 3. The average face color of total subjects was 4.81YR 5.91/4.97 in Munsell color system, 60.74 in L value, 13.71 in a value, 24.54 in b value. 136 observations out of 420 subjects were composed of Type 1: 4.50YR 6.35/4.87 and 192 observations were composed of Type 2: 4.62YR 5.86/5.12 and 92 observations were composed of Type 3: 5.67YR 5.37/4.79. 4. The average skin color of total 420 subjects was 6.26YR 6.07/4.41 and 62.33 in L value, 10.64 in a value, 23.48 in b value. The average skin color of Type 1 was 6.27YR 6.44/4.27 and of Type 2 was 6.15YR 5.91/4.49 and of Type 3 was 6.49YR 5.84/4.43 respectively. 5. 3 groups showed that the most preference color of sport$.$casual was 2.5Y 8/16 and 7.5PB 4/16 and the most preference color to their skins was 7.5PB 4/16 and 7.5YR 7/16.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.62 no.8
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• pp.149-165
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• 2012

This study is to understand the characteristics of women's Hanbok fashion in the modern Korea by investigating the features of colors and color arrangements of remaining relics. The summary of findings from the researches and analysis from over 1840 pieces of Hanbok relics in modern Korea are as follows: First, since western-style cloth were introduced and utilized for Hanbok from 1960, the number of colors have drastically increased. However, the most commonly used colors and parts throughout all the periods remained the same. These are Y, R and white colors for Jeogori and Y, R and PB colors for Chima. And, as for the representative color of each of the six periods, significant changes of color were found Jeogori in the 1960~1970s. While no clear color changes were found in the period prior to the 1960s and after the 1980s. Secondly, as for the color tones, although the high luminosity-low chroma were generally used over the periods, it was observed that various colors of low luminosity-high chroma began to be used from 1960 and so Jeogori became more colorful. And lastly, Y and white color were taking up the highest percentage in the solid color arrangement. When composing 2 colors, the Y tone color dominants with R tone as sub-color was the most prevalent, and when 3 and 4 colors were combined, the extra color were increasingly seen in the upper garment cuff and collar so that the arrangement of different colors increased the aesthetic symbols when combined with the colors of the Chima.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.519-528
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• 2017

Mobile shoppers have encountered frequent color mismatch in the products that they have purchased, as they can only rely on their sense of sight. Therefore, fabric color and color difference recognized by smartphone display during mobile shopping were studied using instrument analysis method. It aimed to gather precise information on actual fabric color understanding of the mobile shoppers purchasing textile products. Three smartphones were selected from LG, Samsung, and Apple companies, and four colors were researched (red, yellow, green and blue) to both polyester and wool test fabrics for color analysis though color measuring instruments. The results from the spectrophotometer indicated that the color coordinate location of smartphone fabric color is similarly distributed regardless of the type of fabric. The Samsung smartphone displays a relatively high color chroma (especially on red-colored fabric) regardless of the type of fabric due to a high color reproduction range. In contrast, the LG smartphone, which has high color temperature, displays high color chroma on the blue colored fabric with a significant color mismatch between the actual fabric color and smartphone fabric color. From the results of this study, issues related to mobile shopping can be addressed through an analysis of the products sold, the smartphone's color representation, and user understanding.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.57 no.4 s.113
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• pp.45-60
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• 2007

Characteristics of Hanbok's traditional coloration have been carried on, based on social/cultural background of the past. Today, Hanbok is classified as traditional Hanbok, improved Hanbok, living Hanbok. Their designs, materials and colorations show significant differences. In this study, first, we have categorized and arranged the coloration trend of the women's Hanbok according to the types of coloration since 2000s. Secondly, Hanbok is classified as traditional Hanbok, improved Hanbok, and living Hanbok. And then examining their coloration trend and coloration characteristics of different types of Hanbok, so we can find the purpose far increasing understanding of various color beauty and coloration of today's Hanbok. The findings of this research are summarized as follows; 1. Traditional Hanbok coloration is influenced by the modern rotor and tone, and is apt to show the trend of emphasizing individuality. 2. Hanbok coloration of middle period in 2000's has become to use high value and chroma, giving more bright and luxurious impression then the early period. 3. For this study, we have categorized the total of 277 women's Hanboks by their coloration trends, through studying traditional Hanbok catalogues that enclosed vividly colored pure silk samples. As a result, it shows the order of contrary coloration(149), tone on tone coloration(56), similar coloration(23), monochrome coloration(20), tone in tone coloration(17), and 화학섬유chrome coloration(12). 4. Traditional, improved and living Hanbok show differences not only in their designs or materials but also in colorations. Using of traditional coloration is applied to traditional Hanbok and improved Hanbok in that order, and mostly the value and chroma of living Hanbok colorations are low, which emphasizes easiness to move and practicality.