• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.26 no.2 s.52
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• pp.186-192
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• 2004

This study was carried out to analyze the organic acids, polyphenols, pigments and fiber materials concentration with a different stalk position and grade of korean leaf tobaccos. Eight kinds of flue-cured leaf tobaccos which were different stalk position and grade were used for this study. Three kinds of major organic acids(citric, malic and oxalic), 2 kinds of polyphenols(chlorogenic acid and rutin), 3 kinds of pigments($\beta$-carotene, chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b), and 2 kinds of fiber components(pectin and lignin) were analyzed. All of these chemical components were changed with a different stalk position. When the citric acid, malic acid, $\beta-carotene$, chlorophyll-a, and lignin concentration were low in the middle stalk position and high in both bottom and upper position, oxalic acid and chlorogenic acid show the highest concentration in the middle stalk position. All of these chemical components also changed with a different grade of leaf tobaccos. As the citric acid, malic acid, $\beta-carotene$, chlorophyll-b, and lignin concentration decreased as the grade ascended, the oxalic acid and chlorogenic acid concentration increased as the grade ascended. This results assumed that the quality of korean leaf tobacco was directly proportional to oxalic acid and chlorogenic acid concentration but it was inversely proportional to citric acid, malic acid, $\beta-carotene$, chlorophyll-b and lignin concentration.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.447-456
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• 2013

This study was carried out for the establishment of theory and foundational data for breeding, on variegated foliage plants using for potted plants, based on examination and analysis for shape, color, and area ratio of variegated leaves and chlorophyll contents. Six families, 18 genus, and 54 species of variegated plants domestically distributed in Korea were used as the plant materials. Patterns based on chlorophyll-deficient part in variegated leaves were divided into 20 types, such as steps, border, collapsed border, sandy border, half, silk, stars, vein, firewood, border and firewood, center, entirety, leaf, irregular, net, watermelon, melon, and so on. There were 10 kinds of colors including dark green, red, dark red, reddish white, reddish yellow, white, silver, silvery white, yellowish white, and yellow. The ratio of variegated area was ranged from 5.8% to 100% and it was diverse depending on species or cultivar. The ratios by patterns were highest in entirety (98.6%) and relatively high in step (60.8%), whereas, low in boarder, star and firewood (33.6-36.4%), and relatively low in half and vein (43%). Chlorophyll content of variegated leaf was rather lower compared to normal plants and chlorophyll b tended to be higher in ratio of chlorophyll a to b. Particularly content of chlorophyll b in Stromanthe sanguinea 'Triostar', Dracaena fragrans 'Massangeana Compacta', D. reflexa 'Song of India', and Tradescantia spathacea was higher than chlorophyll a in comparison with that of normal plants.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.14 no.2 s.36
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• pp.63-68
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• 2006

Although it is more recommended to use satellite images for an accurate understanding of the natural environment over a large area, what should proceed obtaining such satellite images is to make basic model equations based firmly upon the on-land experiments and field experiments. It may be more accurate and objective to investigate correlations between satellite images and actual water quality factors obtained for the same area. Thus, this study was conducted in order to determined which band of Landsat ETM+ images is appropriate to estimate the density of chlorophyll-a in a closed laboratory without atmospheric interference, using pure water and sea water. As a result of this study, it was found that the best band that exhibited the highest degree of correlations among the compounded bands rated (B3-B4)/B2 in pure water and (B2+B4)/B3 in sea water. The correlation coefficient here is 0.9747 and 0.9892 respectively. Thus, compounding this band ran be quite useful for estimation density of Chlorophyll-a using Landsat ETM+ image data.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.300-305
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• 1987

Changes in pigments of freeze dried grasshopper in refrigerator were determined to asses the storage stability. In storage at $5^{\circ}C$, chlorophyll contents were drastically decreased but pheopytins were increased. The degradation of chlorophylls get under controlled with vacuum package. The pigments extracted from 98 days stored samples were fractionated by silicic acid column and obtained 3 portions (3a, 3b and 3d). These portions were compared Rf values (0.75, 0.56, 0.50, respectively) and absorption spectra (408, 666nm; 419, 651nm; 433, 655nm, respectively) with that of standard and were identifed pheophytin a and b and 'changed' chlorophyll a. Especially, pheophytins a and b were great strength accelerated to lipid oxidation.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.950-957
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• 2009

Mustard Leaf Kimchi (MLK) is a traditional fermented Korean vegetable food. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of part vacuum treatment on MLK packed in a glass bottle during fermentation. There have been a few previous studies that examined the chemical and microbial changes during MLK fermentation. However, the major object of this study was to investigate the antioxidative activities of vacuum treated MLK. In this study, the antioxidative activity of vacuum treated mustard leaf Kimchi (VM) and control mustard leaf Kimchi (CM) were examined. VM and CM were fermented at $5^{\circ}C$ for 8 weeks. A model system was designed to evaluate the antioxidative activity of crude chlorophylls and carotenoids (CCC) extracts from Mustard leaf Kimchi. The oxidative reaction of the linoleic acid mixture system at $30^{\circ}C$ in the dark was quantified determining the peroxide value and conjugated dienoic acid content. The effect of the CCC extracts on lipid peroxidation in a rat liver homogenate was examined. Formation of lipid peroxides was estimated by the TBA value, and the CCC extracts were found to inhibit the TBA value. Chlorophyll a and b, and carotenoids, Which are the major components in the CCC extracts of Kimchi were isolated on a DEAE-sepharose CL-6B and Sepharose CL-6B column and TLC. The effects of chlorophyll a and b, caroteins on linoleic acid autoxidation were measured by determining the peroxide value. In addition, their effects on free radical scavenging were investigated by DPPH. In this assay, chlorophyll a showed the greatest antioxidative activity followed by chlorophyll b, and carotenoids. MLK contains a sufficient content of chlorophyll a and b, and carotenoid which have strong antioxidative activities.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.158-164
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• 1989

In order to determine the relationships between the lea(-burning disease and the light harvesting chlorophyll-protein (LHCP) complex in Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer, we investigated the chlorophyll-protein (CP) complex of the thylakoid membrane and its characteristics. In P. ginseng four Cp-complex bands determined by non-denaturing SDS-PAGE were identified CP I'(containing reaction center of photosystem I and LHCP I antennae), CP I (reaction center of photosystem I) LHCP II** (oligoform of LHCP II), and LHCP II (photosystem II antennae, CP 26 and CP 29) by Bassis and Dunahay's procedures. Under our experimental condition, the CP I band was only observed in P. ginseng and the band intensity of LHCP II** in P ginseng was higher than in spinach and soybean. There were differences in the absorption and fluorescence spectra and chlorophyll a/b ratio of the CP-complex bands between P. ginseng and other Plants. The Polypeptidr content of P. ginseng thylakoid was lower than in spinach and soybean thylakoid, and the Polypeptide profiles of P. ginseng was low band intensity, especially about 29-35 kD, 55 kD, and 60 kD, compared to spinach and soybean. The inhibitory effects of 2,5-dimethylfuran, specific singlet oxygen ($^1O_2$) quencher, showed that singlet oxygen destroyed 60% of chl.a, 90% of chl.b and 70% of carotenoid in bleaching P. ginseng with leaf-burning disease.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• v.1
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• pp.479-482
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• 2006

The absorption coefficient and backscattering properties of phytoplankton were calculated from the Mie theory. Given a simple case that phytoplankton and mineral particles are the only constitutions in seawater, the reflectance $b_b({\lambda})/[a({\lambda})+b_b({\lambda})]$was analyzed. Then the chlorophyll concentrations were estimated from remote sensing OC2 algorithm. The results show that reflectance in short wavelength region is more sensitive to the Chl variation; High mineral concentrations in seawater have significant influence on the reflectance spectrum; the existence of high mineral concentration may result in the mistake in chlorophyll estimation from OC2 algorithm.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.224-228
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• 1982

The wavelength of chlorophyll-b on the absorbance and fluorescence emission were shifted to the longer depending on the increasing of solvent polarities but fluorescence excitation spectra were not. The presence of chl-b oligomers and monomers were identified by the specra of fluorescence emission. Fluorescence excitation, absorbance and the measurement of its intensities vs. the concentration of n-prOH added to chl-b solution. The calibration curve of chl-b solution were not obeyed to Beer's law in the range of concentrated soln. because of the presence as the oligomers.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.137-146
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• 1995

Acer pseudo-sieboldianum, A. ginnala, A. negundo and A. saccharinum were selected as materials for the studies on the seasonal fluctuation of chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rates. In all the four species during the growing season except in October, the principal component that determined the total chlorophyll content was chlorophyll a. Content of chlorophyll b increased with leaf age, but that of chlorophyll a decreased. In contrast to A. saccharinum and A. pseudo-sieboldianum which showed their maximum chlorophyll content in June, A. negundo, which showed the highest chlorophyll content of the four species, exhibited its maximum chlorophyll content in July, whereas September in the case of A. ginnala. The fluctuation of chlorophyll content was similar to that of air temperature, and it increased till July. But chloprophyll content showed a significant relationship in early stage of leaf development, and there could be any interdependence between them in accordance with the seasonal change, no longer. In all four species light compensation points decreased in accordance with the seasonal change, and the maximum photosynthetic rates were obtained in August. Respiratory rates were shown no significant difference among species, and they decreased according to the adbance of season.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.509-513
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• 2019

The Beer-Lambert law states that absorbance is proportional to the concentration of a solute in a solution at a given wavelength. This linearity works for an ideal or a 'sufficiently diluted' solution, so this linearity is often used as a criterion for the fidelity of the absorbance value measured. In this study, we used a chlorophyll (Chl) solution, isolated from rice leaves with 80% acetone to test the use of the Chl a/b ratio as an additional criterion for checking the fidelity of measured values using four different absorption spectrophotometers: Cary4E, UV-1650PC, Versamax (a microplate reader), and NanoDrop 1,000(which can handle a $4{\mu}l$ aliquot). We used Chl solutions of varying concentrations from $0.2{\mu}g/ml$ to $200{\mu}g/ml$ to measure absorbance values at 645 nm and 663 nm and checked the linearity first. The results indicated that the range of Chl concentrations that we can rely on based on the linearity was similar to the range in which the calculated Chl concentrations based on the measured absorbance values agreed with the known concentrations. However, some border cases or cases with very low Chl concentrations inside the fidelity range of Chl concentrations did not agree with the criterion that the Chl a/b ratio should not change after dilution of the Chl in the solution. These results suggest that the Chl a/b ratio is a better criterion for the reliability of the absorbance values measured for the determination of chlorophyll concentration than the criterion based on the linearity suggested by the Beer-Lambert law.