• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제22권7호
• /
• pp.950-957
• /
• 2012

열처리를 통한 새로운 마늘 가공품의 개발 및 그 생리활성 규명을 위한 연구의 일환으로 새로이 개발된 홍마늘의 용매별 계통 분획물을 제조하고, 항산화 활성과 항비만 활성을 중심으로 한 생리활성을 비교 분석하였다. 홍마늘 계통 분획물 중 갈변물질의 함량은 chloroform 분획물에서 가장 높았고, 총 페놀 화합물과 플라보노이드 함량은 hexane 분획물에서 가장 높은 함량이었고, 다음으로 chloroform 분획물의 순이었다. DPPH와 ABTS 라디칼소거능 및 FRAP법에 의한 항산화능도 chloroform 분획물이 타 분획물에 비해 유의적으로 높은 활성을 나타내었다. 항산화 활성은 갈변물질의 함량이 높고, 총 페놀 화합물 및 플라보노이드의 함량이 높은 hexane 및 chloroform 화합물에서 활성이 높아 홍마늘 분획물의 항산화능은 이들 물질의 상호작용에 의한 결과로 추정된다. Pancreatic lipase 저해활성은 $500{\mu}g/ml$ 미만의 농도에서는 농도 증가와 더불어 유의적으로 활성이 증가하였으며, 가장 활성이 높았던 chloroform 분획물에서 40% 이상의 활성을 나타내었다. 항산화 활성 분석의 결과에서 활성이 높았던 hexane 및 chloroform 분획물의 지방세포 분화와 지방 축적 억제 활성은 여타 분획물에 비해 상대적으로 낮았다. 항산화 활성과 항비만 활성이 일치하는 경향을 나타내지 않았는데, 이는 홍마늘 중의 항산화 활성물질은 주로 비극성이며, 지방 축적 억제 활성이 있는 물질은 주로 극성에 대한 용해성이 더 높기 때문으로 추정되며, 이와 관련하여서는 향후 더 많은 연구가 진행되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
• /
• 제3권4호
• /
• pp.196-204
• /
• 2003

Aqueous extract of Enicostemma littorale is reported to have antidiabetic activity. In the present investigation, we studied the effect of aqueous extract of E. littorale and its different fractions i.e., toluene, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol fractions and remaining residual fraction in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced neonatal type 2 diabetic rats. Fasting glucose and insulin levels in NIDDM were significantly (P<0.05) higher than control rats and they were significantly decreased by treatment with aqueous extract of E. littorale and its n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions. Results of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) showed that aqueous extract and its n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions significantly (P<0.05) decrease both $AUC_{glucose}$ and $AUC_{insulin}$ values in NIDDM treated groups. Insulin sensitivity $(K_{ITT})$ index of NIDDM control was significantly lower as compared to normal control and this was significantly (P<0.05) increased after treatment with aqueous extract, its n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions. Treatment with aqueous extract of E. littorale and its n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions lowered the elevated cholesterol and triglyceride levels observed in NIDDM rats. Treatment with aqueous extract of E. littorale and its n-butanol fraction showed significant decrease in creatinine, urea, SGPT and SGOT levels as compared to NIDDM control rats. However ethyl acetate fraction showed significant changes only in creatinine and SGOT levels, and not in the levels of urea, and SGPT as compared to NIDDM control rats. Treatment with toluene, chloroform and residual fractions of E. littorale did not produce any effect on glucose, insulin, triglyceride, cholesterol, creatinine, urea, SGPT or SGOT levels as compared to NIDDM control rats. Our data suggest that n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions contain the active compounds which may be responsible for the above activity and associated complications in NIDDM diabetes mellitus.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.334-339
• /
• 1993

Sarcoma 180 복수형 종양세포를 생쥐의 왼쪽 서혜부에 이식한 후 감잎에서 분리한 tannin. chloroform fraction 추출물 및 2, 4-decadienal을 복강 내에 각각 단독투여하여 그 효과를 형태학적으로 검토하였다. 이식된 sarcoma 180 육종에서 암화의 진행을 지연시키는데는 tannin 투여시에 가장 효과적이었고 chloroform fraction 추출물 및 2, 4-decadienal 투여시에는 형태적으로 간주할 수 있는 지연효과는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 감잎 tannin 은 종양세포를 선택적으로 파괴하여 종양의 증식을 억제하는 것이 아니라 일종의 혐기상태의 세포 환경에서 종양을 괴사과정으로 유도하지 않고, 발암성을 가지는 단백질과 같은 물질의 합성을 저해하거나 또는 자식작용을 가진 과립들로 하여금 이들을 소화시켜 이식된 종양세포를 악성종양으로 유도하는 과정을 지연시키는 효과를 나타내었다.

• 셀메드
• /
• 제2권4호
• /
• pp.34.1-34.5
• /
• 2012

The present study aimed to determine the hepatoprotective activity of the chloroform extract of D. linearis leaves (CEDL) using the paracetamol (PCM)- and carbon tetrachloride ($CCl_4$)-induced liver injury models in rats. The rats received $dH_2O$ (negative control), 200 mg/kg of silymarin (positive control) or CEDL (50, 250 and 500 mg/kg) orally once daily for 7 days and then were subjected to the hepatotoxic induction on the $7^{th}$ day. The samples (i.e. blood and liver) were collected and underwent biochemical and microscopical analysis, respectively. From the data obtained, both inducers caused significant (p < 0.05) increase in the levels of AST and ALT when compared to the control group, which were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced by CEDL in a generally dose-dependent manner. These biochemical findings were supported by the histopathological analysis and histological scoring. In conclusion, CEDL possesses potential hepatoprotective activity, which could be associated with its flavonoid and tannin contents with the mechanisms of hepatoprotection linked to either its antioxidant or anti-inflammtory/immunomodulating activities. Further in-depth studies are required to identify the responsible bioactive compound.

• Mycobiology
• /
• 제36권3호
• /
• pp.173-177
• /
• 2008

The crude ethanol extracts (stem and fruits), their fractions and two triterpenes, $\beta$-Amyrin and 12-Oleanene 3$\beta$, 21$\beta$-diol, isolated as a mixture from the chloroform soluble fraction of an ethanolic extract of Duranta repens stem, were evaluated for antibacterial, antifungal activities by the disc diffusion method and cytotoxicity by brine shrimp lethality bioassay. The structures of the two compounds were confirmed by IR, $^1H$-NMR, $^{13}C$-NMR and LC-MS spectral data. The chloroform soluble fraction of stem and ethanol extract of fruits possess potent antishigellosis activity and also exhibited moderate activity against some pathogenic bacteria and fungi but the isolated compound 1 (mixture of $\beta$-Amyrin and 12-Oleanene 3$\beta$, 21$\beta$-diol) showed mild to moderate inhibitory activity to microbial growth. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the extracts (stem and fruits), their fractions and compound 1 were found to be in the range of 32$\sim$128 ${\mu}g/ml$. The chloroform soluble fractions of stem and ethanol extract of fruit showed significant cytotoxicity with $LC_{50}$ value of 0.94 ${\mu}g/ml$ and 0.49 ${\mu}g/ml$, respectively against brine shrimp larvae.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.83-89
• /
• 1996

116종의 생약을 75% 에탄올로 추출한 후 팜유와 돈지를 기질로 하여 Rancimat으로 항산화력을 측정하였다. 대부분의 추출물들이 항산화력을 나타내었는데 그중에서도 건강, 강황, 방기, 백작약, 석곡, 소목, 편축, 현호색, 황금 등의 에탄올 추출물이 다른 생약 추출물보다 높은 항산화력을 나타내었다. 에탄올 추출물들의 팜유에 대한 항산화력은 소목>강황>건강 순이었고, 돈지에 대해서는 소목>백작약>석곡>건강 순이었으며, 소목 추출물 1,000 ppm 첨가구의 팜유와 돈지에 대한 AI는 각각 2.16, 7.85 였다. 항산화력이 비교적 높았던 생약류의 에탄올 추출물들은 순차분획을 함에 따라서 항산화 효과가 증가되었는데, 팜유에 대한 생약류의 chloroform 및 ethyl acetate 분획물들의 항산화 활성은 소목>백작약>건강>산수유>석곡 순이었고, 돈지에 대해서는 소목>백작약>석곡>산수유>건강>강황 순이었다. 이들 추출물 중에서 소목 75% 에탄올 ethyl acetate 분획물 600 ppm 첨가구는 팜유의 유도기간을 2배 이상 증가시켰고, 돈지의 유도기간도 7배 이상 연장시켜 가장 높은 항산화 효과를 보였는데, 원인물질에 대한 연구는 계속 수행중에 있다.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.94-99
• /
• 2003

Objectives : Gram-positive bacteria have became increasing resistant to antibacterial agents, and hence multi-drug-resistant bacterial pathogens are now a major problem in clinical medicine. There is, therefore, a need for new antibacterial agents. In the course of our screening program for potent antibacterial agent from medicinal plants, the extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza (S. miltiorrhiza) showed antibacterial activity against methcillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and antibiotic-resistant S. aureus. Methods : S. miltiorrhiza was extracted with 80$\%$ EtOH. The extract was suspended in H2O and fractionated successively with hexane chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-buthanol. The chloroform fraction, which showed the highest antibacterial activity(MICs, 78㎍/ml) against MRSA, was chromatographed on a silica gel column and recycling prep-LC to give the pure antibacterial component. Results and Conclusions : The second fraction among the chloroform soluble portion of an aqueous EtOH extract of S. miltiorrhiza root showed outstanding antibacterial activity against MRSA and antibiotic-resistant S. aureus compared to the other fraction. An active compound was isolated from the second fraction using silica gel column chromatoraphy and recycling prep-LC. Based on these data together with the IH-, 13C-NMR, mass and mp, the active compounds were identified tanshinone Ⅰ, dehydrotanshinone Ⅰ and cryptotanshinone. Among tanshinones, cryptotanshinone and dihydrotanshinone Ⅰ MICs against MRSA and antibiotics-resistant S. aureus were 12.5, 12.5 and 6.3㎍/ml, respectively.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2015

This study was designed to determine the antioxidant activity of solvent fractions of broccoli sprouts grown by controlling the growing environment at the plant factory system. Fractionation was achieved with chloroform, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol, water by 70% EtOH extract of the broccoli sprouts. Each solvent fraction was put through TLC and HPLC to separate active components. Higher antioxidant activities were observed for the butanol and ethyl acetate layers. Further evaluation of each of the 5 layers (LH1 to LH5) of the butanol fraction showed that the refined LH3 extract had a high antioxidant effect. Components with similar Rf values from TLC had the same retention times and peaks in the HPLC analysis. It was also determined that the sulforaphane content was high at the chloroform and butanol layers and the sulforaphane was responsible for, the high antioxidant activity. Thus, to use for functional materials, the butanol extract/layer of broccoli sprouts is recommended as the most effective.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.139-147
• /
• 1986

A singly charged methyl orange(MO) anion was found to be extracted with chlorpheniramine maleate(CPM) as a 1 : 1 complex in chloroform. Of various solvents, MO-chloroform system gave a yellow color for CPM, while in the absence of CPM, an organic phase showed almost no color. In this way, the spectrophotometric method was investigated for the determination of CPM by solvent extraction. The addition of alcoholic bolic acid solution to the solvent extract gave a higher color stability and transparency at least 5 days, but the extract alone lost its color intensity significantly. CPM is determined by measuring the absorbance of the extracts over a range of $1{\sim}7{\times}10^{-4}M\;(39{\sim}273\;{\mu}g/ml)$ in aqueous solution at 423 nm. The molar absorptivity was $2.26{\times}10^3\;l,\;mol^{-1},\;cm^{-1}$. The absorbance of the extract was constant in the range of pH $3.7{\sim}4.6$. This novel method was applied for the determination of CPM in artificial and commercial preparations in comparison with the analytical method of CPM tablets in K.P.IV. The results obtained showed that the former was better in accuracy and time consumption than the latter.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.53-58
• /
• 2008

The plant Quisqualis indica (Compositae) has ehnopharmcological reputation of being used as a healing agent in Bangladesh. In this study, preliminary screenings were conducted to look at the antimicrobial susceptibility and cytotoxicity of the plant extract. The extractives of the plant were subjected to screening for inhibition of microbial growth by the disc diffusion method. The zones of inhibition demonstrated by the n-hexane, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform and aqueous soluble partitionates of the methanolic extract ranged from 8 - 15 mm, 8 - 18 mm, 12 - 20 mm and 10 - 16 mm, respectively at a concentration of 400 ${\mu}g$/disc. All the extractives were also subjected to brine shrimp lethality bioassay for primary cytotoxicity evaluation. Here, the carbon tetrachloride soluble materials demonstrated the highest cytotoxicity with $LC_{50}$ of 0.826 ${\mu}g$/ml, while n-hexane, chloroform and aqueous soluble partitionates of the methanolic extract revealed the $LC_{50}$ of 1.254, 3.866 and 5.366 ${\mu}g$/ml, respectively. This is the first report of the antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity Q. indica.