• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.464-470
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• 1994

The biological activities of Humulus japonicus were extracted by water and methanol. Methanol was better solvent than water in the extraction for antimicrobial activities against six different species of bacteria and two yeasts. The methanol extract was systematically fractionated with various organic solvents which have different polarities. From the result of antimicrobial activities against six species of bacteria and two species of yeasts, methanol extract was superior to water extract. The methanol extract of Humulus japonicus showed antimicrobial activity against the all species of microorganisms tested except Escherichia coli . The butanol fraction of methanol extract showed antimicrobial effect on the all species tested. The minimal inhibition concentration(MIC) of the butanol fraction on the growth of microorganisms was ranged between $0.1{\sim}0.4%$. The water extract of Humulus japonicus did not show inhibition of the activity of trypsin but methanol extract showed inhibitory activity. The chloroform fraction of methanol extract showed comparatively higher trypsin inhibitory activity than other fractions. The concentration of 50% inhibition$(IC_{50})$ by chloroform fraction was 1.0 mg/ml. Enzyme-inhibitor complex formation was above 90% of the while for 20 min. It was revealed that methanol extract of Humulus japonicus inhibited peroxide production of lard and soybean oil as substrate by antioxidative test. The chloroform fraction of methanol extract had the highest activity. When 0.2% of chloroform fraction was added, induction period of soybean oil and lard were extended 15, 9 days, respectively.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.311-315
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• 1997

Proximate compositions of black rice and antioxidative effects of its methanol extract on refined perilla oil were investigated. Black rice seeds were composed of water 12.4%, crude protein 7.9%, crude fat 2.2%, crude fiber 1.0%, ash 1.4% and N-free extract 75.1%. The hexane and 80% methanol fractions in yields were higher than 80% ethanol and chloroform. In AOM(active oxygen method) test, antioxidative effects of black rice added to the refined perilla oil was increased with dose-dependent fashion in concentration of the black rice extracts. Among several extracts tested, 80% aqueous methanol extract showed the highest antioxidative activity, followed by hexane, chloroform, in that order. The peroxide value and TBA value for their antioxidation stability were also lower than that of control. This result was similar to that of AOM test.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.295-300
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• 1997

The water extract of mustard seed was fractionated by solvents with an increase of polarity, and antimicrobial activities of each extracts were examined, and volatile compounds of each extract were identified by GC-MS. When the water extract was fractionated with solvents, the antimicrobial activities were high in the order of chloroform, ethylacetate, hexane, butanol and aqueous layer. In chloroform fraction, 16 volatile compounds, including 2 isothiocyanates such as 3-isothiocyanato- 1-propene and 4-isothiocyanato- 1-butane, 1 nitrile and 4 acids were identified, their contents were higher than other fractions. Twelve, 10, 4 and 7 volatile compounds were identified in ethylaceate, hexane, butanol and water fractions, respectively. The volatile compounds were considerably less in the fractions of butanol and water than others.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.50-54
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• 2006

The wound healing activity of plumbagin and the chloroform extract of Plumbago rosea Linn. (Yoot), incorporated into ointments with yellow soft paraffin, have been investigated on rats. Wound healing activity was studied using excision and incision wound models in rats following topical application. Both plumbagin and the Plumbago rosea root extract produced a significant response in both of the wound models studied. The wound contracted in 14 days in the case of plumbagin (0.1%) and 16 days in case of Plumbago rosea root extract (0.5%), as against in 22 days in the case of control animals. The results were also comparable to those of a standard drug, framycetin sulphate cream (1% w/w) in terms of wound contracting ability, wound closure time, tensile strength of wound and regeneration of tissues at the wound site. Histological studies revealed evidences for the healing process by formation of fibrovascular tissue, epithelization and increased collagenization when compared to control.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.195-200
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• 2009

This study was carried out to investigate the biological activities of star anise extracts obtained from four different solvents (water, methanol, ethanol and chloroform) by measuring total polyphenol and flavonoid contents, DPPH radical scavenging, hydroxyl radical scavenging, nitrite scavenging activity and antimicrobial activity. The methanol extract showed the highest extraction yield, followed by ethanol, water and chloroform. The properties of the extracting solvents significantly affected the total polyphenol content. Methanol extracts contained more total polyphenols than any other extracts. The highest DPPH radical scavenging activity was found in methanol extract. The hydroxyl radical and nitrite scavenging activity were highest in methanol and ethanol extracts. In antimicrobial activity, water extract showed stronger activities than methanol and ethanol extract against Micrococcus luteus and Bacillus subtilis, and no inhibitory effects on Gram negative bacteria were found in all extracts at the concentration used.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.624-633
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• 2014

This study separated the crude extract (70% ethanol) of and its three fractions (hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts) on the basis of polarity indexes, and examined for their insecticidal activities against aphid (Uroleucon lactucicola). For crude extraction, the 70% ethanol extract showed the best extract yield (58.0%) and insecticidal activity (69.0%) among the various concentrations tested (water, 30% ethanol, 50% ethanol, 70% ethanol and 95% ethanol). The major chemical compounds of different fractions (hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts) were identified as eugenol by head space-GC-MS analysis. The hexane extract showed the highest eugenol content (43.7%) and insecticidal activity (80.0%). The insecticidal activity is accordingly believed to be attributable to the eugenol component. This may provide a useful starting point for the development of bio-pesticides.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.81-85
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• 1990

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae was cultured in the malt wort added 0%, 0.001%, 0.01%, 0.1% Chloroform - Methanol and Hexane extract of Ganoderma Lucidum. The more the quantity of Ganoderma Lucidum extract were added the more total alcohol quantity were produced during the culture. Especially higher alcohol contents were more increased about 2.2 times 0.1% added group than on control group 120 hr cultured. Ethanol product was more increased on Hexane extract added group than on Chloroform - Methanol extract added group.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.157-165
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• 2011

In this study, we investigated the biological activities of Carthamus tinctorius including antioxidative, fibrinolytic, thrombin inhibitory, ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory and collagenase inhibitory activities. Carthamus tinctorius, hot water extract was fractionated into hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and water fraction. Each of these was assayed individually. The hot water extract showed high antioxidative activity and thrombin inhibitory activity at 90.17% and 97.10% respectively. In the fraction activity tests, chloroform fraction showed the highest antioxidative activity at 81.85%. The fibrinolytic activity was strong only in the butanol fraction at 0.70 plasmin units/ml. The thrombin inhibitory activities of hexane, ethyl acetate and butanol fractions were 97.35%, 86.74% and 93.18% respectively. In collagenase inhibitory activity test, hexane fraction showed the highest activity at 87.78%. In conclusion, the hot water extract and solvent fractions of Carthamus tinctorius L can be used as a material for the development of biofunctional tea and foods respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.232-238
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• 1998

To developed natural food preservatives, ethanol and water extracts were prepared from the defatted camellia(Camellia japonica L.) seeds. Antimicrobial activities were examined against 14 microorganisms which were food borne pathogens and/or food poisoning microorganisms and food-related bacteria and yeasts. Ethanol extract showed antimicrobial activities against several microorganisms tested, but not on lactic acid bactria. Especially, minimum inhibitory concentrations(MIC) for yeasts were as low as 1mg/ml. Water extract exhibited antimicrobial activities for the yeasts tested, but almost bacteria were not observed. The ethanol extract was fractionated in the order of hexane, chloroform, ethylaetate and butanol fractions to test antimicrobial activity. The strongest activity for the tested yeasts were found in the butanol fractions, but bacteria were chloroform fraction. Hansenula anomala treated with ethanol were observed by scanning electron micrograph, and the results exhibited morphological changes, including the irregularly contracted cell surface and expanded ellipsoidal shape.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.205.2-205.2
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• 2003

As part of our program to isolate bioactive compounds from korean natural sources, we have screened traditional medicinal plants to cytotoxity on human tumor cells. Of them, the MeOH extract from rhizome of Coptis japonica Makino was found to be active against five cultured human tumor cell lines. So, the MeOH extract was subjected to successive solvent partitioning to give n-hexane, chloroform and BuOH. The activity was concentrated into the chloroform extract. The extract was chromatographied on a silica gel column and resulted in the isolation 5 alkaloids. (omitted)