• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.32 no.6
• /
• pp.931-936
• /
• 2003

We investigated inhibitory effects of Hericium erinaceus on the growth of cancer cells and the expression of cell cycle regulators, cyclins. Anticancer effects of Hericium erinaceus extract and fractions against cancer cell lines including HepG2 and HT29 were investigated. The methanol extract, the hexane fraction, the chloroform fraction and the ethylacetate fraction of Hericiu erinacew inhibited growth of cancer cells but they had no effect on the cytotoxicity of normal human liver cells under the same conditions. As shown by western blot analysis, the expression of cyclin B1 known as cell cycle regulator was markedly decreased after treatment with Hericium erinaceus extract in HepG2 cells. These results suggest that antiproliferative effect of Hericaum erinaceus extract is associated with markedly decreased expression of cyclin B1.

• Journal of Mushroom
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.241-246
• /
• 2019

Samples (10 mg/mL) of wild Grifola frondosa aqueous extract and solvent fractions were examined for fibrinolytic, thrombin inhibitory, acetylcholinesterase inhibitory, and antioxidative activities to determine the biological activities. The fibrinolytic activity of the aqueous extract and solvent fractions was 0.93 and 0.73 plasmin units/mL, respectively. The thrombin inhibitory activity of the butanol extract was 79.60%. The chloroform fraction had high acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity (85.88%). The aqueous extract had low antioxidative activity (39.81%). The aqueous fraction hydrolyzed Bβ subunits of human fibrinogen but did not show any reactivity for the γ form of the human fibrinogen. The findings indicate the potential of wild Grifola frondosa for the development of drugs and bio-functional foods to prevent cardiovascular diseases.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
• /
• v.36 no.4
• /
• pp.263-268
• /
• 2017

BACKGROUND: Lespedeza cuneata G. Don is a well-known medicinal plant. In this study, the biological activities of L. cuneata extracts were investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS: L. cuneata shoot was extracted with 30% ethanol and further fractionated with organic solvents. Total phenolic and flavonoid content, antioxidant activity, and matrix metalloproteinase inhibition effect of the extract and fractions were measured. Among the tested extract and fractions, the highest contents of total phenolic and flavonoids were found in ethyl acetate fraction (117.8 mg GAE/g and 35.9 mg QE/g, respectively). Ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity, and the antioxidant activity of the other fractions followed the order n-hexane fraction>ethanol extract>methyl chloroform>n-butanol fraction. Inhibitory effect on the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP1 and MMP3) was highest in the fraction of ethyl acetate, and n-butanol fraction also significantly inhibited the expression of MMP3. Antioxidant activities of L. cuneata extracts were significantly positively related to their phenolic and flavonoid content. CONCLUSION: Ethyl acetate fraction of L. cuneata ethanol extract showed potent antioxidant and matrix metalloproteinases inhibitory activities. Those activities might be related to the high total phenolic and flavonoid content of the extract.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.191-197
• /
• 2006

Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) is a key enzyme involved in tumor invasiveness. The plant of Magnolia officinalis Rehd. et Wils. is often included as an ingredient in various herbal remedies recommended for cancer theraphies in Korea. Various extracts prepared from stems of M. officinalis were tested for cytotoxic activity on human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, SK-Hep cells using the XTT assay method. Then, the inhibitory effect was examined on MMP-2 activity using gelatin zymography. Methanol (MeOH) extract of M. officinalis caused the strongest inhibition of the MMP-2 activity, as measured by gelatin zymography method for enzyme activity. $IC_{50}$ values of fractions on MMP-2 activity were in a range of $4.9{\sim}11.3\;{\mu}g/mL$. Among each fraction, butanol and ethylacetate (EtOAc) fractions showed the strong inhibitory activities ($IC_{50}=10.7\;and\;4.9\;{\mu}g/mL$, respectively). When the M. officinalis's constituents such as magnolol, honokiol, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and ovovatol were examined for inhibitory effects on MMP-2 activity, EGCG showed strong inhibitory activity. However, MeOH extract of M. officinalis was dose-dependently inhibited to MMP-2 activity. The MeOH extract, hexane and EtOAc fractions $(IC_{50}\;of\;>200\;{\mu}g/mL)$ exhibited weak cytotoxicity activity, while butanol $(IC_{50}=80\;{\mu}g/mL)$ and chloroform fractions $(IC_{50}=90\;{\mu}g/mL)$ exhibited relatively strong cytotoxic activity. From these results, M. officinalis could be suitable for cancer treatment and chemopreventive drugs.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.39 no.11
• /
• pp.1587-1594
• /
• 2010

This study was designed to investigate the effect of Artemisia capillaris extracts on the intestinal microflora. In agar diffusion method, the solvent fractions of Artemisia capillaris showed growth inhibition against the intestinal microflora. In particular, the chloroform fraction of Artemisia capillaris had strong antibacterial activity against Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium difficile, Eubacterium limosum, and Bacteroides fragilis, but did not show antibacterial activity against Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacillus acidophilus. Most chloroform fraction of Artemisia capillaris inhibitory activities were not reduced by heat treatment or pH variation against C. perfringens, C. difficile, E. limosum, and B. fragilis. MICs of the chloroform fraction were 1.25 mg/mL against C. perfringens, E. limosum and B. fragilis and 2.5 mg/mL against C. difficile. MBCs of chloroform fraction were 5 mg/mL against C. perfringens, E. limosum and 2.5 mg/mL against C. difficile, B. fragilis. The ethyl acetate fraction of Artemisia capillaris showed $3.08{\pm}0.03$ mg/10 mg total polyphenol and $1.91{\pm}0.03$ mg/10 mg total flavonoid contents. In vivo tests were performed to investigate the influence of Artemisia capillaris extract on the intestinal microflora in rats. The results showed the possibilities of utilizing Artemisia capillaris extracts as a functional food component to control intestinal microflora.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.578-585
• /
• 2013

In this study, we evaluated the antidiabetic effect of a chloroform fraction of a methanol extract of Vigna nakashimae (designated VN) and compared it with that of a water fraction. Both fractions were administrated to eight-week old db/db mice for two weeks, after which the plasma glucose, triglyceride, and total cholesterol levels were measured. The chloroform fraction (VN-C) lowered the fasting glucose and blood glycated hemoglobin in the db/db mice more effectively than those of the water fraction (VN-W). VN-C also improved the glucose tolerance and led to a significant decrease in the plasma levels of free fatty acids and triglycerides. VN-C enhanced the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and increased the expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1) in HepG2 and C2C12 cells more significantly than VN-W. Consistent with AMPK activation, VN-C inhibited cAMP/Dex-stimulated expression of gluconeogenic genes and increased glucose uptake in C2C12. Collectively, these results suggest that VN-C has an antidiabetic effect, which is exerted via AMPK activation, and that this effect is stronger than that of VN-W.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.38 no.2
• /
• pp.112-116
• /
• 2005

This study was performed to investigate the antimicrobial effect of the Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. extracts against food-borne pathogens. First, the Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. was extracted with methanol at room temperatures, and fractionation of the methanol extracts from Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. was carried out by using petroleum ether, chloroform, and ethyl acetate, and methanol respectively. The antimicrobial activity of the Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. extracts was determined using a paper disc method against food-borne pathogens and food spoilage bacteria. The petroleum ether extracts of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. showed the highest antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The synergistic effect has been found in combined extracts of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. and Perillae folium as compared to each extracts alone. Finally, the growth inhibition curve was determined using ethyl acetate extracts of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. against Bacillus Cereus and Salmonella Enteritidis. The petroleum ether extract of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. showed strong antimicrobial activity against Bacillus Cereus at the concentration of 4,000 ppm. The 4,000 ppm of petroleum ether extract from Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. retarded the growth of Bacillus Cereus more than 24 hours and Salmonella Enteritidis up to 36 hours. The petroleum ether extracts of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. has been shown the antimicrobial effect against Bacillus Cereus and Salmonella Enteritidis. (Korean J Nutrition 38(2): 112～116, 2005)

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.107-112
• /
• 2005

This study was performed to investigate the antimicrobial effect of the Hedyotis diffusa extracts against food-borne pathogens. First, the Hedyotis diffusa was extracted with methanol at room temperature and the fractionation of the methanol extracts was carried out by using petroleum ether, chloroform, and ethyl acetate, and methanol respectively. The antimicrobial activity of the Hedyotis diffusa extracts was determined by using a paper disc method against food-borne pathogens and food spoilage bacteria. The methanol extracts of Hedyotis diffusa showed the highest antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Shigella flexneri. Synergistic effect in inhibition was observed when Hedyotis diffusa extract was mixed Sophora subprostrata extract as compared to each extracts alone. Finally, the growth inhibition curves were determined by using ethyl acetate extracts of Hedyotis diffusa against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella Typhimurium. The methanol extract of Hedyotis diffusa had strong antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus at the concentration of 4,000 ppm. At this concentration, the growth of Staphylococcus aureus was retarded more than 36 hours and up to 24 hours for Salmonella Typhimurium. In conclusion, the methanol extracts of Hedyotis diffusa inhibit efficiently Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella Typhimurium.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.38 no.7
• /
• pp.817-823
• /
• 2009

This study was conducted to determine the optimal extraction conditions for maca by comparing the yields, total polyphenol contents, superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity and the nitrite scavenging ability. The proximate composition analysis showed 6.57% moisture, 12.83% crude protein, 1.05% crude fat, 4.80% ash and 74.75% carbohydrate. Maca was extracted with 7 different solvents (water, methanol, ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate, chloroform and hexane) and the extracts were tested for biological activities. The extraction yields of water, methanol and ethanol extracts were 46.2%, 21.4% and 16.8%, respectively. Acetone, ethyl acetate, chloroform and hexane exhibited very low extraction yield, ranging from 0.2 to 1.0%. Total polyphenol contents and the nitrite scavenging ability were the highest in water extract. Electron donating ability and the SOD-like activity were the highest in methanol extract. When water extract was drawn out at different extraction temperatures (30, 70, $100^{\circ}C$) and time (1, 3, 5 hr), the improved biological activities (total polyphenol contents, electron donating ability, SOD-like activity and nitrite scavenging ability) were found in extracts treated at $100^{\circ}C$ for 3 or 5 hrs.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.17 no.9 s.89
• /
• pp.1237-1243
• /
• 2007

This study was investigated on the antioxidant capacity of 80% ethanol extract of lotus root in vitro. The ex-traction yields of 80 % ethanol extract was 9.14%. Lotus root ethanol extract was fractionated by the following: n-hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate and n-butanol. n-Butanol fraction showed the highest ex-traction yield of all fractions. Antioxidative activities of different fractions were examined by l.l-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) radical generation, the Rancimat test, the nitrite scavenging ac-tivity and the thiobarbituric acid(TBA) method, and compared with the properties of the commercial antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene(BHT). The antioxidative capacity of the ethylacetate fraction was the highest among fractions and its fraction showed higher contents of total polyphenol. Furthermore, the antioxidative capacity of the ethylacetate fraction was similar to that of BHT. In conclusion, these results suggest that lotus root may be a good candidate as a natural antioxidant source.