• 제목/요약/키워드: chitinase production

검색결과 92건 처리시간 0.03초

식물근부균 Fusarium solani에 대한 Pseudomonas stutzeri YPL-1의 생물학적 방제기작 (Antifungal Mechanism of Pseudomonas stutzeri YPL-l for Biocontrol of Fusarium solani causing Plant Root Rot)

  • 임호성;김상달
    • 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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    • 제18권1호
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    • pp.81-88
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    • 1990
  • 근채류식물의 근부원인이 되는 토양유래의 식물병원 성진균에 대한 생물학적 방제를 위하여 저병해인삼경작 지토양으로부터 식물근부균 Fusarium solani의 생육을 강력히 길항하는 억제세균 YPL-1을 분리, 선발하였으며 이들 동정한 결과 Pseudomonas stutzeri이거나 그 근연종으로 확인하였다. 선발된 P.stutzeri YPL-1에 의해 생산된 근부균생육억제물질은 열에 민감하고 고분자의 단백질물질로서 chitinase 및 laminarinase 등 F.solani의 외막가수분해효소인 것으로 추정된다. 더욱이 chitinase 생산능과 근부균생육억제능은 정관계로 비례한다는 것도 알았다. 이는 NTG를 이용하여 얻은 chitinase 및 laminarinase 생산불능변이주 P.stutzeri YPL-M122(chi-, lam-), P.stutzeri YPL-M153(chi-)에 의해서도 확인되었다. 그러나 본 P.stutzeri YPL-1은 siderophore를 전혀 생산하지는 못하였다. 이 결과로 미루어 보아 선발된 억제균 P.stutzeri YPL-1 균주에 의한 식물근부균 F.solani의 생육억제기작은 저분자물질인 항생물질이나 siderophore가 아닌 chitinase를 주로 하는 외막가수분해효소에 의한 근부균 F.solani의 세포벽분해에 기인된 것으로 생각된다.

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전통발효식품으로부터 Chitin 분해 미생물의 분리 및 특성 규명 (Isolation and Characterization of Chitinoloytic Strain, Bacillus atrophaeus CJ-3.)

  • 고보경;최인순;이상현;임채오;이성호;갈상완;최영주
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제14권3호
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    • pp.501-508
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    • 2004
  • 전통발효 식품인 간장으로부터 chitinase활성이 높으면서 갈변반응을 일으키는 균주인 CJ-3를 분리하여 갈변반응생성물이 면역기능, 항산화력 및 세포활성에 미치는 영향과 생화학적 특성을 규명하였다. 분리된 CJ-3 균주는 16S rDNA 염기서열분석에 의하여 Bacillus atrophaeus로 동정되었으며 분리된 균주의 분자량은 대략 31.0 kDa으로 colloidal chitin(0.5, 1.0, 2.0%)의 첨가에 의하여 chitinase 활성이 현저히 증가되었다 B. atrophaeus CJ-3에 의해서 유도되는 갈변반응물 200${\mu}\ell$ 첨가로 LPS에 의하여 유도되는 nitric oxide (NO) 활성을 45%까지 감소시켰다. MTT 분석을 통한 세포활성에서도 갈변반응물은 LPS에 의하여 세포활성을 정상수준으로 회복하였다. CJ-3. 균주의 DPPH 전자공여능법에 의한 항산화력은 갈변반응에 의하여 약 55% 증가하였다 . 이러한 결과들은 갈변반응생성물은 면역기능 및 세포활성을 증가시키는 것으로 추정된다. 분리된 균주의 최적 생육조건은 최적온도 37$^{\circ}C$, 최적 pH 7.0 및 염 농도는 9% NaCl농도까지는 잘 생육하는 것으로 나타났으며 분리된 균주의 주요 intracellular 유리아미노산은 glutamate로 나타났다.

Chitinase을 생산하는 곤충병원미생물 Metarhizium anisopliae HY-2(KCTC 0156BP)의 토양해충 생물검정

  • 서은영;손광희;신동하;김기덕;박두상;박호용
    • 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국생물공학회 2002년도 생물공학의 동향 (X)
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    • pp.469-472
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    • 2002
  • 균체 생산성 실험과 chitinase 생산성 실험을 비교해 볼 때, chitinase만을 생산하는 조건 에서는 배지성분에 chitin을 첨가해 주는 것이 좋으나, 해충 방제용으로 살균력을 증진시키기 위하여 균체량과 chitinase의 생성량 및 산업적, 경제적 사용이 용이한 배지를 고려할 때에는 쌀겨와 밀기울이 첨가된 배지가 좋은 배지임을 알 수 있었다. 또한 이 배지를 이용하였을 경우 균체는 1X$10^8$ cfu/g, chitinase는 370mU/g로 생산되었으며 생물검정결과 53-64%의 탁월한 살충효과를 확인 할 수 있었다.

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Optimization of Medium Components for the Production of Antagonistic Lytic Enzymes Against Phytopathogenic Fungi and Their Biocontrol Potential

  • Lee, Yong Seong;Neung, Saophuong;Park, Yun Suk;Kim, Kil Yong
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제47권4호
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    • pp.299-305
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    • 2014
  • In this paper, fractional factorial screening design (FFSD) and central composition design (CCD) were used to optimize the medium components for producing chitinase and gelatinase by Lysobacter capsici YS1215. Crab shell powder, nutrient broth and gelatin were proved to have significant effects on chitinase and gelatinase activity by FFSD first. An optimal medium was obtained by using a three factor CCD, which consisted of nutrient broth of $2.0gL^{-1}$, crab shell powder of $2.0gL^{-1}$ and gelatin of $1.0gL^{-1}$, respectively with the highest chitinase activity ($3.34UmL^{-1}$) and gelatinase activity ($14.15UmL^{-1}$). This value was 3.76 and 1.11 fold of the chitinase and gelatinase activity, respectively, compared to the lowest productive medium in the design matrix. In investigating potential of these enzymes partially purified from L. capsici YS1215 for biotechnological use, the crude enzymes was found to be inhibition against pathogenic fungal mycelia: Colletotrichum gleosporioides, Phytophthora capsici, and Rhizoctonia solani. In this study, we demonstrated the optimal medium for producing the chitinolytic and gelatinolytic enzymes by the strain YS1215 and the role of their enzymes that may be useful for further development of a biotechnological use and agricultural use for biological control of phytopathogenic fungi.

Effectiveness of Various Pseudomonas spp. and Burkholderia caryophylli Containing ACC-Deaminase for Improving Growth and Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

  • Shaharoona, B.;Jamro, G.M.;Zahir, Z.A.;Arshad, M.;Memon, K.S.
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제17권8호
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    • pp.1300-1307
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    • 2007
  • This study assessed the possible role of different traits in selected plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) for improving wheat growth and yield under natural conditions. Rhizobacteria exhibiting 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC)-deaminase activity were isolated and screened for their growth-promoting activity in wheat under axenic conditions. Five isolates belonging to Pseudomonas and one Burkholderia caryophylli isolate that showed promising performances under axenic conditions were selected and characterized for in vitro ACC-deaminase activity, chitinase activity, auxin production, P solubilization, and root colonization. These isolates were then used as inocula for wheat cultivated under natural conditions in pot and/or field trials. Significant increases in root elongation, root weight, tillers per pot, 1,000-grain weight, and grain and straw yields were observed in response to inoculation with PGPR in the pot trials. Inoculation with these PGPR was also effective under field conditions and increased the wheat growth and yield significantly. However, the efficacy of the strains was inconsistent under the axenic, pot, and field conditions. Pseudomonas fluorescens ($ACC_{50}$), which exhibited a relatively high in vitro ACC-deaminase activity, chitinase activity, auxin production, and P solubilization and more intensive root colonization, was the most efficient isolate under the field conditions. Therefore, these results demonstrated that ACC-deaminase activity is an efficient parameter for the selection of promising PGPR under axenic conditions. However, additional traits of PGPR, including auxin production, chitinase activity, P solubilization, and root colonization, are also important for selecting PGPR as biofertilizers.

대파 뿌리로부터 흑색썩음균핵병균에 길항하는 Serratia plymuthica AL-1의 분리 및 Chitinase의 생산 (Chitinase Production and Isolation of Serratia plymuthica AL-1 Antagonistic to White Rot Fungi from Allium fistulosum Roots.)

  • 주길재;이익희;김진호
    • 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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    • 제30권2호
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    • pp.135-141
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    • 2002
  • 대파 뿌리로부터 근권미생물 146종을 분리하여 대파 흑색썩음균핵병균인 Sclerotium cepivorum에 길항하는 AL-1 균주를 최종선별하였다. 분리주 AL-1은 the procaryotes와 Bergey's mannual of systematic bacteriology의 방법과 16S rDNA의 부분염기서열을 결정하여 ribosomal database 에서 상동성 검색 등의 방법으로 Serratia plymuthica로 동정되었다. S. plymuthica AL-1은 흑색썩음균핵병균(Sclerotium cepivorum)에 대해서는 생육저지환의 크기가 15mm로 나타났으며, 고추 검은무늬병(Alternaria altrata)은 9 mm, 고추 탄저병균(Colletotrichum gleosporioids)은 13 ㎜, 도라지 줄기마름병균(Phoma sp.)은 10 ㎜, 고추 잘록병균 (Rhizoctonia solani)은 8 ㎜, 고추 흰별무의병균(Stemphylium solani)은 8 ㎜, 오이 균핵병균(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum)은 7 mm, 수박 덩굴쪼김병(Fusarium oxysporium niveum)은 7 ㎜로 길항력을 나타내었으나 참외 만고병균(Didymella bryoniae)에서는 길항력이 없었다. S. plymuthica AL-1는 1% colloidal chitin을 첨가한 TSB 배지에서 분자량 10 kDa 이상의 분획에서는 chitinase(3.2 units/ml)가 유도 생산되었고 80℃에서 30분간 열처리할 경우 chitinase의 활성은 없어 졌으나 길항력(6.4 ㎜)은 남아있었다. 또한 분자량 10kDa 이하의 분획에서는 chitinase 활성은 없으나 길항력(5.2㎜)은 나타내었고, 80℃에서 열처리하여도 길항력(5.0mm)이 남아있어 효소 이외 다른 생리활성물질이 존재함을 확인하였다.

복숭아 미이라과로부터 분리한 방선균의 항균 활성 및 동정 (Antifumgal Activity and Identification of an Actinomycetes Strain Isolated from Mummified Peaches)

  • 임태헌;이정목;장태현;차병진
    • 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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    • 제28권3호
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    • pp.161-166
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    • 2000
  • Monilinia fructicola에 의해 감염되어 미이라화된 복숭아 열매로부터 Monilinia fructicola에 강한 항진균성 물질 chitinase 및 urease을 분비하는 방선균을 분리하였다 선발된 TH-04 균주는 배양적 .형태적 특성 세포벽 성분 및 세포내 당 성분을 분석한 결과 전형적인 Streptomyces속에 속하는 방선균으로 동정되었다. TH-04 균주는 Monilinia fructicola Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Magnaporthe grisea Rhizoctonia solani, Phytophthora capsici, Alternaria kikuchi-ana, Fusarium solani 및 Fusarium oxysporum 등 8종의 식물병원균에 대하여 항진균 활성을 나타냈다. 항생물질 생산을 위한 배양조건은 온도 $20^{\circ}C$, pH 7 및 배양기간 7일로 확인되었다.

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Chitinase-producing Salinivibrio bacteria isolated from salt-fermented shrimp with antimicrobial and safety assessments

  • Le, Bao;Chung, Gyuhwa;Yang, Seung Hwan
    • Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • 제61권3호
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    • pp.233-238
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    • 2018
  • Chitinases are glycosyl hydrolases which cleave the ${\beta}$-1,4 linkage of chitin into oligo or monomers of N-acetylglucosamine. These bacterial enzymes have been used for a wide range of applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries. In this study, we isolated two potential chitinolytic strains, BAO-01 and BAO-02, from salt-fermented shrimp, which were shown to belong to the genus Salinivibrio through genetic characterization using 16S rRNA. These isolates were gram-positive, rod-shaped, and non-spore forming. BAO-01 showed greater growth and chitinase activity than BAO-02 after the incubation at $37^{\circ}C$ for 4 days. Both strains grew on a wide range of carbon and nitrogen sources, pH values, temperatures, and salt levels. However, they showed minor biochemical differences. In addition, their antimicrobial activities against foodborne pathogens and antibiotic susceptibilities were evaluated. These Salinivibrio spp. did not show bioamine production, hemolytic activity, and mucin degradation. Therefore, the in vitro screening results suggested that these bacteria could be widely used as new candidates for chitin hydrolyzation and seafood fermentation.

Characterization and Antifungal Activity from Soilborne Streptomyces sp. AM50 towards Major Plant Pathogens

  • Jang, Jong-Ok;Lee, Jung-Bok;Kim, Beam-Soo;Kang, Sun-Chul;Hwang, Cher-Won;Shin, Kee-Sun;Kwon, Gi-Seok
    • 한국환경농학회지
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    • 제30권3호
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    • pp.346-356
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    • 2011
  • BACKGROUND: Chemical fungicides not only may pollute the ecosystem but also can be environmentally hazardous, as the chemicals accumulate in soil. Biological control is a frequently-used environment-friendly alternative to chemical pesticides in phytopathogen management. However, the use of microbial products as fungicides has limitations. This study isolated and characterized a three-antifungal-enzyme (chitinase, cellulase, and ${\beta}$-1,3-glucanase)-producing bacterium, and examined the conditions required to optimize the production of the antifungal enzymes. METHOD AND RESULTS: The antifungal enzymes chitinase, cellulase, and ${\beta}$-1,3-glucanase were produced by bacteria isolated from an sawmill in Korea. Based on the 16S ribosomal DNA sequence analysis, the bacterial strain AM50 was identical to Streptomyces sp. And their antifungal activity was optimized when Streptomyces sp. AM50 was grown aerobically in a medium composed of 0.4% chitin, 0.4% starch, 0.2% ammonium sulfate, 0.11% $Na_2HPO_4$, 0.07% $KH_2PO_4$, 0.0001% $MgSO_4$, and 0.0001% $MnSO_4$ at $30^{\circ}C$. A culture broth of Streptomyces sp. AM50 showed antifungal activity towards the hyphae of plant pathogenic fungi, including hyphae swelling and lysis in P. capsici, factors that may contribute to its suppression of plant pathogenic fungi. CONCLUSION(S): This study demonstrated the multiantifungal enzyme production by Streptomyces sp. AM50 for the biological control of major plant pathogens. Further studies will investigate the synergistic effect, to the growth regulations by biogenic amines and antifungal enzyme gene promoter.