• 한국조경학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.107-113
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of soil amendments for reducing soil compaction at heavy traffic area in golf course. Major results of this research are summarized at follows: 1. In the Lab. experiment, the porosity was improved significantly when the materials, such as peatmoss, charcoal, and tire chip mixtures were used respectively. Especially mixture of sand and 20% peatmoss showed higher effectiveness (10%) in porosity, comparing with ordinary sand. This soil mixture(sand 80%+peatmoss 20%) was observed the best in water retention, soil hardness and hydrauric conductivity. 2. In the greenhouse experiment, traffic pressure was given 7 times a day on several combination of mixture treatments to see the top dry weight. The soil mixture of 20% peatmoss showed the highest in the top dry weight. When the more traffic pressure(15 time/day) were given on the different treatment, the top dry weight was significantly reduced. However, the mixture of 20% peatmoss also had the least influence on this type of heavy traffic. 3. In the field experiment, the soil amendments were treated in traffic area f golf course, and observed at 30days, 60days, 90days, 120days after treatment. Visual turf quality(color), root length and soil compaction were compared to those of control. As a result, overall treatments with soil amendments were effective, which showed better turf quality and less soil compaction. 4. In the field test, physical characters of soil (such as soil hardness and hydrauric conductivity) in sand+tire chip+peatmoss(60:20:20, %, v/v) treatment was significantly improved. Also in the slow increasing of traffic, the soil compaction was the most effective in reducing soil hardness.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2007년도 7th International Meeting on Information Display 제7권1호
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• pp.1005-1008
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• 2007

In this study, an architecture for 262K-color TFT-LCD source driver. In this paper proposed the chip consumes smaller area and static current which is suitable for QVGA resolutions. In the conventional structures, all of them need large number of OPAMP buffers to drive the pixels, Therefore, highly resistive R-DACs are needed to generate gamma voltages to reduce the static current. In this study, our design only used two OPAMPs and low resistance RDACs without increasing the quiescent current. Thus, it was experted that chip would be more in consuming lower static power for longer battery lifetime. The source driver were implemented by the 3.3 V $0.35\;{\mu}m$ CMOS technology provided by TSMC. The area of the core OPAMP circuit was about $110\;{\mu}m\;{\times}\;150\;{\mu}m$ and that of the source driver was $880\;{\mu}m\;{\times}\;430\;{\mu}m$. As compared to the conventional structure, approximately 64.48 % in area was achieved.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.24-31
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• 2013

선행연구로서 꽃송이버섯 배지내 LED 조명색에 의한 푸른곰팡이 생육억제 효과는 모든 처리구에서 생육이 억제되었으나 blue 처리구에서 푸른곰팡이균의 포자발생량이 매우 높아 꽃송이버섯 배양에 부적합하다는 것으로 확인되었다. 배양 28일 후 LED 파장에 따른 꽃송이버섯의 균사생장 특성과 LED 파장 색상별 배양시간의 경과에 따른 균사생장 특성을 조사한 결과 모두 red 파장 처리구에서 균사생장이 높은 경향을 나타내었다. 이에 따라 red 파장 범위에서 광량을 달리하여 균사생장 조건을 확인한 결과, 광량 세기가 낮은 1.41 ${\mu}mol/m^2S$ 처리구에서 우수한 균사생장을 나타내었다. 계대배양 실시 여부에 따른 균사생장 특성에서는 실험 전 1회 계대배양을 실시한 처리구에서 유의적인 차이를 나타내었다. 배지조성을 달리한 톱밥배지 내 LED 광량별 균사생장은 미송 처리구에서 높은 경향을 나타내었다. 이를 미송 톱밥배지에서 LED red 2.11 ${\mu}mol/m^2S$의 광량을 처리하였을 경우 84일 배양한 처리구에서 유의적인 차이를 보였다. 상기의 결과를 종합하여 보았을 경우 red 파장 2.11 ${\mu}mol/m^2S$ 광량에서 84일 이상 미송 톱밥배지에서 배양하는 것이 꽃송이버섯 배양에 좋을 것으로 판단되었다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.122-134
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• 2015

본 연구는 낙엽송을 이용한 반탄화 펠릿의 제조 가능성을 확인하기 위하여 수행하였다. 낙엽송 칩을 230, 250, $270^{\circ}C$ 및 30, 50, 70분의 조건에서 반탄화 처리를 각각 실시하였으며, 반탄화 낙엽송 칩의 함수율, 수분흡착률, 발열량, 회분을 측정하여 각 조건에 대한 반탄화 조건의 영향을 분석하였다. 또한 반탄화 낙엽송 칩의 표면을 광학현미경, FE-SEM, SEM-EDXS를 이용하여 관찰하였다. 낙엽송 시편의 리그닌 함량은 반탄화 온도 및 시간 증가와 함께 증가한 반면, 전섬유소 함량은 감소하였다. 함수율은 반탄화 처리하지 않은 칩과 비교하여 급격히 감소하였으며, 수분흡착률은 반탄화 온도가 높을수록 감소하였다. 낙엽송의 발열량 및 회분함량은 반탄화 온도가 높아짐에 따라 증가하였으나, 반탄화 낙엽송 펠릿의 내구성은 무반탄화 낙엽송 펠릿과 비교하여 현저히 낮았다. 낙엽송 칩의 단면을 광학현미경 및 FE-SEM으로 관찰한 결과 반탄화 조건이 강해질수록 재색의 농색화 및 세포벽의 부분적 붕괴를 확인할 수 있었으며, SEM-EDXS 분석을 통하여 반탄화에 따른 리그닌의 분포 확산 및 양의 증가가 확인되었다. 결과를 종합하면, 연료적 특성의 측면에서 $270^{\circ}C$/50분이 낙엽송의 최적 반탄화 조건인 것으로 판단되나, 낙엽송 반탄화 펠릿의 내구성 결과에 따르면 $230^{\circ}C$/30분과 같이 반탄화 처리조건이 강하지 않은 경우에 대하여 고려할 필요성이 있을 것으로 생각한다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권11호
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• pp.1691-1699
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• 2018

Objective: In Korea, there are three main cattle breeds, which are distinguished by coat color: Brown Hanwoo (BH), Brindle Hanwoo (BRH), and Jeju Black (JB). In this study, we sought to compare the genetic diversity and divergence among there Korean cattle breeds using a BovineHD chip genotyping array. Methods: Sample data were collected from 168 cattle in three populations of BH (48 cattle), BRH (96 cattle), and JB (24 cattle). The single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping was performed using the Illumina BovineHD SNP 777K Bead chip. Results: Heterozygosity, used as a measure of within-breed genetic diversity, was higher in BH (0.293) and BRH (0.296) than in JB (0.266). Linkage disequilibrium decay was more rapid in BH and BRH than in JB, reaching an average $r^2$ value of 0.2 before 26 kb in BH and BRH, whereas the corresponding value was reached before 32 kb in JB. Intra-population, interpopulation, and Fst analyses were used to identify candidate signatures of positive selection in the genome of a domestic Korean cattle population and 48, 11, and 11 loci were detected in the genomic region of the BRH breed, respectively. A Neighbor-Joining phylogenetic tree showed two main groups: a group comprising BH and BRH on one side and a group containing JB on the other. The runs of homozygosity analysis between Korean breeds indicated that the BRH and JB breeds have high inbreeding within breeds compared with BH. An analysis of differentiation based on a high-density SNP chip showed differences between Korean cattle breeds and the closeness of breeds corresponding to the geographic regions where they are evolving. Conclusion: Our results indicate that although the Korean cattle breeds have common features, they also show reliable breed diversity.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.3334-3343
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• 1996

A quantitative flow visualization technique was developed to measure velocity and temperature fields simultaneously in a two-dimensional cross section of thermo-fluid flows. Thermochromic liquid crystal(TLC) particles are used as temperature sensor and velocity tracers. Illuminating a thermo-fluid flow with a thin sheet of white light, the reflected colors from the TLC particles in the flow were captured simultaneously by two CCD cameras; a 3-chip CCD color camera for temperature field measurement and a black and white CCD camera for velocity field measurement. Variations of temperature field were measured by using a HSI true color image processing system and TLC solution. The relationship between the hue values of TLC color image and real temperature was obtained and this calibration curve was used to measure the true temperature under the same camera and illumination condition. The velocity field was obtained by using a 2-frame PTV technique using the concept of match-probability to track true velocity vectors from two consecutive image frames. These two techniques were applied at the same time to the unsteady thermal-fluid flow in a Hele-Shaw cell to measure the temperature and velocity field simultaneously and some results are discussed.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.34-42
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was performed to improve the drying quality and drying rate of ginseng slices by combining microwave and far-infrared drying techniques. Methods: Based on single-factor experiments and analyses, a quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combination design was adopted to study the effects of the moisture content at the conversion point between the microwave and far-infrared techniques, the ginseng slice thickness and the far-infrared drying temperature on the chip drying time, the surface color difference value, the nutritional composition and the surface shrinkage rate index. Results: Compared to the far-infrared drying alone, the combined microwave and far-infrared drying resulted in an increase in the saponin content of the ginseng slices and reductions in the drying time, surface color difference, and shrinkage rate. Conclusions: We established a mathematical model of the relationships between the surface shrinkage rate index and the experimental factors using the multi-objective nonlinear optimization method to determine the optimal parameter combination, which was confirmed to be the following: microwave and far-infrared moisture contents of 65%, a ginseng slice thickness of 1 mm, and a far-infrared drying temperature of $54^{\circ}C$.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.276-282
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• 2015

This paper proposes a SMD (surface mounting device) classification method for the PCB assembly inspection machines. The package types of SMD components should be classified to create the job program of the inspection machine. In order to reduce the creation time of job program, we developed the automatic classification algorithm for the SMD packages. We identified the chip-type packages by color and edge distribution of the images. The input images are transformed into the HSI color model, and the binarized histroms are extracted for H and S spaces. Also the edges are extracted from the binarized image, and quantized histograms are obtained for horizontal and vertical direction. The neural network is then applied to classify the package types from the histogram inputs. The experimental results are presented to verify the usefulness of the proposed method.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권9호
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• pp.2637-2643
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• 2010

In order to develop a new line injection system for spin draw yarn (FD SDY) fibers, the effect of various parameters in extrusion and melt line conditions on the dispersion and distribution of $TiO_2$ particles within FD PET fibers was investigated. As a result, the dispersibility of $TiO_2$ particles in a PET matrix is found to depend on the particle size and its surface characteristics. Surface modification of $TiO_2$ by dimethyl polysiloxane resulted in the improved dispersibility and affinity of $TiO_2$ particles in the PET matrix. Especially, residence time, mixing temperature, and mixing shear rate in the new line injection system under the SDY spinning process were very important parameters to minimize the agglomeration of $TiO_2$ particles. The FD SDY prepared by the new line injection system was superior to those using the polymerization process and the conventional masterbatch chip dosing process in the color-L and color-b values of the fibers.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.784-793
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• 2016

We present a single shot low coherence white light Hilbert phase microscopy (WL-HPM) for quantitative phase imaging of Si optoelectronic devices, i.e., Si integrated circuits (Si-ICs) and Si solar cells. White light interferograms were recorded by a color CCD camera and the interferogram is decomposed into the three colors red, green and blue. Spatial carrier frequency of the WL interferogram was increased sufficiently by means of introducing a tilt in the interferometer. Hilbert transform fringe analysis was used to reconstruct the phase map for red, green and blue colors from the single interferogram. 3D step height map of Si-ICs and Si solar cells was reconstructed at multiple wavelengths from a single interferogram. Experimental results were compared with Atomic Force Microscopy and they were found to be close to each other. The present technique is non-contact, full-field and fast for the determination of surface roughness variation and morphological features of the objects at multiple wavelengths.