• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.34 no.10
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• pp.83-94
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• 2018

In many theoretical and empirical studies on the design issues of therapeutic healthcare facilities, spatial configuration that promotes users' wayfinding behavior, has been emphasized as a significant factor to mitigate stressful experiences and to enhance restorative quality in the healthcare environment. This is also applicable to the healthcare setting for children. However, not much evidence has been reported with regard to the relationship between spatial configuration and wayfinding behaviors in this specific setting. Moreover, healthcare facilities for children with physical disabilities need more attention to provide easy wayfinding due to various physical restrictions. The aim of this study is therefore, to unfold the relationship between spatial configuration and visual cognitive qualities of outpatient spaces in the selected children's rehabilitation hospitals in Seoul, by examining visual cognitive attributes such as visibility, accessibility, and intelligibility. In the first phase, the spatial layout of the hospitals was analyzed, with an emphasis on the major outpatient areas such as the entrance lobby, doctors' examination, and physical therapy zones. In the second phase, a space syntax tool was implemented to examine visual cognitive characteristics of the spatial configuration. The spatial configuration parameters measured were integration, integration core, visual isovist field continuity, correlation between integration and step depth, and the correlation between integration n and integration 3. As a result, the integration was higher in the hall type configuration. Circulation intersections acted mostly as integration cores for better visibility. Some areas showed the lack of continuity in the visual isovist fields overlap and irregular correlation between integration and step depth. The intelligibility was higher in the circulation area and social interaction spaces such as a cafe, reception waiting, and therapy waiting areas. Based on the analysis, design implication and possible future improvement were discussed to enhance wayfinding experiences in the hospitals for children with physical disabilities.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.28
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• pp.124-132
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of physical environments change on children. Specifically, this study investigated the effects of a newly designed elementary school environment to implement open education on elementary school students. The changed environment was improved in various aspects including architectural type, the number of space types, layout, shape of the building, and color planning. This study showed evidence of interaction between aspects of the physical environment and the actual behaviors of children. The impacts of change in physical environment, more specifically, on children was confirmed by the study. Therefore, this study can be used as a basis to insist why physical educational environment needs improvement, to insist importance of physical educational environment and to justify importance of physical environment in educational setting.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.15 no.3 s.56
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• pp.136-143
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• 2006

This research proposes the importance of physical environment if integrated early childhood education. For a successful integration of children's education, we processed fundamental research on requirements of facility and equipments, looking at related standards and code on handicapped person's convenience facility. Also, this research alms at providing first step to establish evaluation method and quality assurance standards of integrated child care facility, regarding space planning of handicapped children. By examining home and abroad material and analyzing handicapped children's convenience facility standards, this research pursues improving the basis of planning criteria. As present criteria of relevant regulations appears not to handle detailed facility standards, and the handicapped people's facility is for childhood education, it is necessary first to differentiate indispensable equipments from optional one, then categorize them into more specific needs.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.217-225
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• 2010

Today's public libraries in communities are on the processes of changes to integrate information and communication technology into traditional library system in order to support current users' demands for the new digital era. The purpose of this study is to examine the changing characters on space design and space uses of community based public libraries by conducting case studies of three branch libraries which were built after 2004 in Ann Arbor, Michigan in the United States. As the conclusion of this research, the findings of the case studies are utilized as basic data for planning and design guidelines for public libraries as community resources. The study summarizes the characteristics of space design and space uses in public libraries as follow; first, the floor plans of small-scale public libraries are open visually as well as spatially. The space organization of the libraries is arranged by potential noise levels, as placing noisy spaces near the entrance halls and quiet spaces at the back. Main book shelves are located in the middle of the library buildings, while seats are arranged along the window sides. By placing various kinds of furniture in open reading areas, library users can select different types of seats and tables for their comforts. Second. the survey of observation also finds that a large number of users often use library computers and personal computers to connect the internet at the libraries. These personal computer users who are new user group in community based libraries preferred to sit in casual study areas and individual tables with one or two seats only. Third, the libraries, in addition, develop and provide various programs and events for people in communities. Especially, the programs for children, the elderly and new comers from the abroad are well prepared, thus provide opportunities for them to visit the libraries in regular bases. The survey finds that family entertainment and leisure activities are the important parts of the program as well as renting music CD and movie DVD are also important reasons for people to come. Thus, the libraries prepare high quality children's space and CD shelves near the entrance hall.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.342-354
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• 2012

This study aimed at acknowledging characteristics of space usage and suggesting orientation of space planning and furniture designing that meet various residents' demands correlating with residential area, furniture and family members by doing fact finding of volume of the furniture in medium/small sized apartment. The contents of the study are "experience of functional remodeling," "a number of bedrooms correlating with a number of family" and "furniture arrangement of each space and characteristics of space utilization" based on forty six cases. Followings are results of the study. 1) It was acknowledged that the function of space relating to family members largely depends on furniture arrangement correlating with age of children. It is needed that flexible planning of residential area to meets growing children and various family demands. 2) Functional remodeling requires furniture rearrangement attended with the remodeling. Thus, it is required that ideas in more simple and efficient furniture designing and consideration of construction environment embracing that ideas. 3) It can be acknowledged that the most demanding matter to enjoy satisfied and comfortable life in residential area is the matter of storage area. It is also understandable that the matter can be worse by time going by and the change of living pattern. Therefore, it is required that the consideration of enough storage area compatible with its function of the room and the planning of built-in furniture for storage.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.104-114
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• 2015

The library means to children a place where they find information necessary for them among a variety of knowledge and information to address their intellectual curiosity, which makes their lives wise and mature. There are not enough research materials understanding children's cognitive systems and behaviors in studies of a children's library with this necessity. This study divided and analyzed the behaviors of children, who were users into three types of reading in terms of information processing. First, it observed the types of reading depending on the stage of their cognitive development; Second, it analyzed the patterns of their behaviors through plays; and lastly, it presented the phases of their behaviors depending on the degree of an assistant's intervention. As a result of the study, the sensory system used and the space preferred differed depending on the stage of their cognition; there were differences in the patterns of their behaviors in each age group depending on the type of play; and there were differences in the children's ability of information processing depending on the assistant's ability. It is anticipated that there will be improvements of children's reading ability at the reading room in a better environment if the three types are considered in terms of information processing.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.65-74
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to grasp the retention status of household items for children and the real condition of storage targeting dual career families of living in 3-bedroom apartment. To do this, a field survey was conducted by having subjects as 30 households of conforming with the requirements. This led to understanding kinds and quantities of household items for children inside the residence and to surveying the present status on household items of being stored by room, thereby having analyzed a difference in household items according to children's age. The survey results are as follows. First, the household items for children within dwelling were indicated to be totally 145 detailed items. In the quantities of the detailed items, a great difference was shown by age in clothes, books, teaching aids, toys, and stationery. Second, as a result of examining a place of being stored the household items for children, the household items in great quantities were found in living room, room 1, and room 3 even in addition to room 2 that is children's room. Third, in consequence of looking at the storage status of household items for children by age level, it could be known that very different household items are being used depending on children's age, and that a place of storing household items is much varied by age. This outcome could lead to being capable of knowing that one-child families living in 3-bedroom apartment are using every room focusing on child, and that child's household items are being disorderedly stored in each space, thereby requiring the systematic storage plans so much that reflect the real situation.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.37-45
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• 2010

Children likes to play and learn by playing at anywhere as a psychological trait. Children's museum is designed for limited age of 'children,' they learn more actively by playing at the museum with interactive display. In this paper, we analyze Movement of Based on the Psychological Characteristics of Children and Analysis of Preferred Experience of Children's Museum according to Piaget's cognitive development process. It is significant study to investigate user's needs space proposal by grasping user's mentality. After itinerary tracking, we found children's preferred and non-preferred experience displays and as a result, we divided children's Museums into three types, M museum is represented by preoperational period, called 'Go around play' type ; Y museum is represented by 'concrete operational period', called 'Smart road play' type ; and H museum is represented by 'formal operational period' called 'Open search play' type. The conclusions are children's cognitive development stages depending on the age discrimination that the development of play, and preferred plays are different by children cognitive development process. In order to take advantage of children playing in the children's museum by taking into account the developmental aspects will have to be designed. Efficient for viewing by age should be different on the basis. This study has shown that, when planning a children's museum, Planners should discriminate the movements of children and analysis of preferred experience of children's museum according to three museum types friendly to children's cognitive development process.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.189-196
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• 2015

As the number of children's libraries has increased in Korea, it has been discussed to improve the quality of design in the libraries. In a reading room of children's library, spatial consideration should be focused on the children under 10 years old since they are in important points to learn Hangul and to develop reading habits. This study is aimed to examine the characteristics of a floor-sitting reading room, where children can feel like a home, stay in clean and safe and play while reading. The seven case studies of floor-sitting reading rooms are analyzed from the viewpoint of each factor of physical environment, including structure, furniture, and decoration. The following is the summary of findings of this study. First, floor-sitting reading rooms tend to compose main reading areas around bookshelves. Reading areas create the characters by changing floor levels and arranging furniture associated with windows, columns, and wall-type bookshelves. In the reading areas, movable low-level tables are frequently placed for flexible space uses, and seats for reading tend to put together with fixed bookshelves. Second, the central areas of the reading rooms are often shaped in the forms of pods, storytelling areas, sculptures, and unique furniture. Especially storytelling areas and pods play the cores of the reading rooms with the varying steps of floors and pictorial graphics on walls. Third, decoration elements in the reading rooms are designed with graphics, visual displays, and sculptural decorations. In my case studies, spatial elements such as reading nooks, attics, tunnels, and shelters are not often found in the floor-sitting reading rooms even though children like to have them. Since it is the advantage of floor-sitting reading rooms where children can take off shoes and act freely, we should look for the design of such spatial elements in the floor-sitting reading rooms.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.192-200
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• 2016

This study aims to design user-oriented children's hospital by examining the user needs, especially the mothers of child inpatients and the nurses. The subjects participated in a questionnaire survey including the user's characteristics, awareness of patient's room, the preference on ward size, demands, satisfaction and hospital environment assessment. The survey was conducted of the mothers of child inpatients and the nurses in A children's hospital, and the data were analyzed by the SPSS WIN 18.0 Version software. A total of 115 copies of the questionnaire were finally analyzed. The results and conclusions are as follows. 1) The mothers' demand on family-centered space and private spaces were higher than the nurses. 2) The mothers preferred 1-bed-room to 4-bed-room due to safety and privacy. 3) The items of hospital environment assessment was categorized into four factors; 'Aesthetics', 'Accessibility', 'Comfort', and 'Lighting'. The most positive factor was 'Aesthetics', whereas 'Comfort' was the negative factor. 4) The mother's satisfaction was lower than the nurse's. The most influential factors on the satisfaction was 'Accessibility'. To improve the satisfaction of the mothers of child inpatients and the nurses, safety, privacy, accessibility should be considered.