• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.53-59
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• 2003

Objective : The objective of this case study is to search the effects of sensory integration treatment. First we have taken a child with a cerebral palsy and given him/her sensory integration treatment. Then, we intended to look into whether the child performed his daily-life tasks and how satisfactory the parents were with the treatment. Methods : We have chosen a child with a cerebral palsy and tested his sensory integration functions. Applying the 30 minutes-sensory integration treatment twenty times to the child, we compared the result of the treatment using Canadian Occupational Performance Measure. We counseled the parents of the child before and after the treatment. Results : We have rated the problems with the degrees of importance referring to the parents. Important problems include controlling eliminations, having meals, moving by self, interacting with peer groups, and performing delicate hand-movements. The score of the in the performance is 1.2 and the score of the degree in the satisfaction is 1.4 compared with the total score. Conclusion : We have concluded that the sensory integration treatment has the effective result to the daily-life task performances of a child with a cerebral palsy, a kind of sensory integration dysfunction and satisfies the child's parents after this case study.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.231-236
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• 2019

Background/Objectives: This paper proposes a dual mode feedback-controlled cycling system for children with spastic cerebral palsy to rehabilitate upper extremities. Repetitive upper limb exercise in this therapy aims to both reduce and analyze the abnormal torque patterns of arm movements in three- dimensional space. Methods/Statistical analysis: We designed an exercycle robot which consists of a BLDC motor, a torque sensor, a bevel gear and bearings. Mechanical structures are customized for children of age between 7~13 years old and induces reaching and pulling task in a symmetric circulation. The shafts and external frames were designed and printed using 3D printer. While the child performs active/passive exercise, angular position, angular velocity, and relative torque of the pedal shaft are measured and displayed in real time. Findings: Experiment was designed to observe the features of a cerebral palsy child's exercise. Two children with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy participated in the experiment and conducted an active exercise at normal speed for 3 sets, 15 seconds for each. As the pedal reached 90 degrees and 270 degrees, the subject showed minimum torque, in which the child showed difficulty in the pulling task of the cycle. The passive exercise assisted the child to maintain a relatively constant torque while visually observing the movement patterns. Using two types of exercise enabled the child to overcome the abnormal torque measured in the active data by performing the passive exercise. Thus, this system has advantage not only in allowing the child to perform the difficult task, which may contribute in improving the muscle strength and endurance and reducing the spasticity but also provide customizable system according to the child's motion characteristic. Improvements/Applications: Further study is needed to observe how passive exercise influences the movement characteristics of an active motion and how customized experiment settings can optimize the effect of pediatric rehabilitation for spastic cerebral palsy.

• The Journal of Korean Society for Neurotherapy
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.11-18
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• 2018

Purpose This study is to investigate the effect of sling exercise on the balance capacity of spastic diplegia cerebral palsy patient based on Bobath concept. Methods A single subject experiment was designed targeting an 8year old child with the rigid bilateral cerebral palsy. The static balance test used the 30 second Rombug test of BT4, and the dynamic balance test used the timed up and go test. Results In the 30second Rombug test of BT4, the child had a smaller median outcome than baseline and withdrawal period. In the TUG test, the walking speed in the intervention period was improved comparing to the baseline and withdrawal period. Conclusion The sling exercise based on the Bobath concept has been proved that it is an effective intervention to improve the static and dynamic balance capacity of patients with rigid bilateral cerebral palsy.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.469-501
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• 2000

In the literature study on the cerebral palsy, the results were as follows : 1. Cerebral palsy is defined as a disorder of movement and posture due to a defect or lesion of the immature brain. For practical purposes it is useful to exclude from cerebral palsy those disorders of posture and movement which are of short duration, due to a progressive disease due solely to mental deficiency. 2. Cerebral Palsy is classified with quadriplegia, diplegia, hemi plegia, triplegia, and monoplegia or spastic CP, athetoid CP, ataxic CP, and combined classifications 3. Causes of Cerebral Palsy is any damage to the developing brain, whether caused by genetic or developmental disorders. And it is classified with prenatal.natal and postnatal causes. 4. Management consists of helping the child achieve maximum potential in growth and development. This should be started as early as possible with identification of the very young child who may have a developmental disorder. Certain medications, surgery, and braces may be used to improve nerve and muscle coordination and prevent dysfunction. 5. The aim of treatment is to encourage children and adults to learn to be as independent as possible. Some children and adults who have mild cerebral palsy will have no problems in achieving independence 6. Oji(五遲), Oyeon(五軟) and Okyeong(五硬) have the simmiar concepts with the cerebral palsy. 7. Oji(五遲) Oyeon(五軟) and Okyeong(五硬) are caused by seoncheon-pumbu-bujok(先天稟賦不足) and related with gan(肝), bi(脾) and sin(腎). 8. The treatment is achieved by the method of bogansin(補肝腎), ganggeungol(强筋骨) and boiungikki(補中益氣). And jihwanghwan(地黃丸) has been used most frequently.

• 아동간호학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1997.11a
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• pp.35-47
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• 1997

Mothers with cerebral palsy children have much stress that is related to the care of children with cerebral palsy and to other household duties, and this state of the mother has an effect on the cerebral palsy child and on other household member. Mothers in such stressful situations use various coping patterns. The purpose of this study was as follows : to develop instruments that can be used for measuring the stress and coping patterns of mothers with cerebral palsy children, and to test a hypothetical model on the relationship between the mother's stress, her coping patterns and the variable affecting the stress and coping patterns. The results of this study can be summarized as follows : 1. The stress scale was composed of 44 items and Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ was .94, and the coping pattern scale was composed of 19 items and Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ was .80. The mean score of stress scale was 136.12 out of a total of 220, and the mean score of the coping scale was 72.87 in a total of 95. 2. In test of the hypothetical model, it was found that extra-care demand, the support of the husband, the degree of handicap, health status and self-esteem had statistically significant influence on the mother's stress(r=.285, -.262, -.133, -.126). And the support of the husband, formal support, informal support, and economic status were found to have statitically significant influence on the mother's coping patterns(r=.412, .178, .178, .138).

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.39-46
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• 1998

Thumb adduction is an abnormal pattern typically noted in children with spastic cerebral palsy. This abnormal pattern can limit hand function, specifically in the type and quality of prehension pattern used and in the coordination of release. This ABAB single-subject research was designed to examine the effects of short thumb opponens splint on hand function in cerebral palsy. The subject was a 4 years and 8 months old boy with right upper extremity spasticity. The child was fitted with a short thumb opponens splint, which was worn for 8 hours per day during the daytime. Two different measures were used: (a) prehension component scores; (b) Bruininks-Oseretsky test of motor proficiency. Data was collected three times a week for 10 weeks. Visual analysis of data indicate that after the application of a short thumb opponens splint, improvements were noted in the prehension pattern and fine motor functional task. The results of this study suggest that short thumb opponens splint may prove efficaciousness in the treatment of the child with cerebral palsy.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.285-292
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of respiratory capacity(forced vital capacity), EMG of rectus abdominal muscle, phonation by respiratory muscle strengthening exercise in children with spasticity cerebral palsy. 24 children with spasticity cerebral palsy was randomized in 2 groups, respiratory muscle strengthening exercise and contro group. In the exprimentral groups, respiratory muscle strengthening exercise for 30minutes duration 3 time per week for 8weeks were respectively preformed, Control group was not performed. Before and after experiments, respiratory capacity(forced vital capacity), EMG of rectus abdominal muscle and phonation was measured in all children. In comparison of difference before and after experiment, the respiratory capacity(forced vital capacity) of respiratory muscle strengthening exercise group was significantly increased than the control group(P<.05), rectus abdominal muscle EMG of the respiratory muscle strengthening exercise group was significantly increased more than the control group(P<.05) and MPT of the respiratory muscle strengthening exercise group was significantly increased more than the control group(P<.05). We found that the respiratory muscle strengthening exercise is useful to improve the respiratory capacity and phonation in children with spasticity cerebral palsy.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.75-85
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• 2021

Purpose: The symptoms and impairments caused by cerebral palsy usually require long-term treatment, resulting in a substantial burden on the family of affected children. This study explored the experiences of fathers with prematurely-born children with cerebral palsy, with a focus on how such experiences influenced their families. Methods: A qualitative case study method was used. Nine subjects were recruited from April 2018 to June 2019 at one hospital, and each was interviewed three times by a neonatal nurse. Results: Five core experiences of fathers were identified: "regret for an insufficient initial response", "confronting my child born as a premature baby", "the position of being a dad who can't do anything", "the process of treatment like a tunnel with no exit", and "a father's getting meaning in life through children". These stories covered an individual's timeline and family interactions. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that fathers of prematurely-born children tend to suppress their emotions; therefore, a novel intervention program to encourage fathers' emotional expression and to support healthier interactions with their families is needed. Moreover, our findings could contribute basic information for the construction of a community-based support system to aid families, including prematurely-born children and other persons with impairments.

• Genes and Genomics
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• v.40 no.12
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• pp.1339-1349
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• 2018

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a non-progressive neurological disease, of which susceptibility is linked to genetic and environmental risk factors. More and more studies have shown that CP might be caused by multiple genetic factors, similar to other neurodevelopmental disorders. Due to the high genetic heterogeneity of CP, we focused on investigating related molecular pathways. Ten children with CP were collected for whole-exome sequencing by next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology. Customized processes were used to identify potential pathogenic pathways and variants. Three pathways (axon guidance, transmission across chemical synapses, protein-protein interactions at synapses) with twenty-three genes were identified to be highly correlated with CP. This study showed that the three pathways associated with CP might be the molecular mechanism of pathogenesis. These findings could provide useful clues for developing pathway-based pharmacotherapies. Further studies are required to confirm potential roles for these pathways in the pathogenesis of CP.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.82-91
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• 2017

These are three case reports on developmental delay that were treated with Korean medicine more than one year. A child with spastic cerebral palsy was treated only with acupuncture in one case, and in another case, two children with cerebral palsy were treated with both acupuncture and Korean herbal medication: Gami-Dossi-pyengwisan and Gami-Guibiondam-tang. After more than a year of treatment period, all three children showed improvement of general condition and motor function, measured by Gross Motor Function Measure, compare to average of children with cerebral palsy. According to this result, Korean medicine treatment can be helpful in improvement of spasticity and developmental delay due to cerebral palsy. Further studies with more cases and well-designed randomized controlled trials should be performed to establish proper guideline of Korean medicine treatment for cerebral palsy.