• 한국가금학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.151-159
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• 1991

최근 국내 종계장에서 문제시되고 있는 종계의 산란저하 원인조사의 일환으로 정상농장 1개소와 산란저하의 문제를 경험하고 있는 농장 2개소를 임의선정하고 하계절과 동계절에 각각 1회씩 1개 농장별로 재선정한 각각 3개 계사씩을 대상으로 하여 각 계사내 공기, 급여사료, 음수 및 인공수정기의 세균 오염도를 조사하였다. 계사내 공기중의 세균 오염도는 매우 높았으나(일반세균: 농장별 평균 543~815개/직경 9cm 평판배지, 대양균군: 5~12.4개, 포도상구균종: 273~393개)산란저하의 문제농장과 정상농장간에 유의한 차이는 인정되지 않았다. 그러나 문제농장에 있어서 계사간에 산란저하나 대양균 감염으로 인한 수난관염이나 복막염 등 질병발생의 문제계사에서의 공기중 오염도는 다른 정상계사에서 보다도 높았다. 급여사요에 있어서는 급여 전부터 정상농장에서 보다도 문제농장에서의 세균오염도가 높았으며, 정상농장에서는 급여전후 과정에서 세균 오염도의 변화가 없었으나 문제농장에서는 급여전에 비해 급여중인 사료에서의 오염도가 훨씬 증가하는 경향이었다. 급수원의 음수는 정상농장과 문제농장간에 차이 없이 세균 오염도가 극히 낮아 대장균군 및 일반세균 모두가 일반수질의 위생판정 기준에 적합하였다. 급수중인 음수는 정상농장에서는 급수원과 큰 차이가 없었으나 문제농장에서는 대장균군이 검출되었으며 일반세균 오염도의 급격한 증가현상을 나타내었다. 산란감소나 복막염 및 수난관염의 발생문제가 있는 농장에서의 인공수정구의 세균 오염도가 다른 농장에서 보다 훨씬 높았으나 위생적인 조치후에는 각 농장 공히 상호 비슷한 수준으로 매우 감소하였다.분간의 유전상관 및 표현형상관은 난백중과 난자중간에 각각 0.089~0.654, 0.984~0.235 이었고, 난백중과 난각중간에는 각각 0.396~0.925, 0.225~0.544이었으며, 난황중과 난각중간에는 각각 0.227~0.375, 0.098~0.358이었다.CP의 PER은 시판되는 SCP의 것과 별다른 차이를 보이지 않았다. 그리나 후반기에 있어서는 Fermentation을 끝내고 3일과 6일 후에 냉동 건조시킨 SCP의 PER이 시판되는 SCP의 것보다 약간 저조함을 보였다. 그리고 Casein의 PER은 총 사육기간은 통하여 별 변동이 없음에 반하여 후반기에 SCP의 PER이 급격한 저하를 보임은 SCP 사용상의 문제점을 나타낸 것으로 해석 된다.자체에 대한 인터넷 이용자들의 반응은 매우 너그러운 것으로 나타났다.與群)에서는 뇨량(尿量)이 계속(繼續) 감소(減少)하였다$(0.88{\pm}0.10{\rightarrow}0.59{\pm}0.09{\rightarrow}0.45{\pm}0.09\;ml/1.5\;hr)$. 이상(以上)의 결과(結果)는 ethanol의 혈중농도(血中濃度)가 높을수록 더 심(甚)한 혈압강하작용(血壓降下作用)을 나타내며, ethanol 로 인(因)한 이뇨작용(利尿作用)도 ethanol 량(量)이 증가(增加)함에 따라 뇨량(尿量)도 증가(增加)함을 보여 주었다.ults showed that the overall quality of Sullungtang significantly decreased as the parity increased for Hanwoo cows.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2015년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.1027-1029
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• 2015

열교환기 환기장치는 실내로부터 배출되는 고온의 배기류를 이용하여 내부 환기를 위하여 투입되는 차가운 외기를 가온시킨다. 이를 통해 환기로 인해 발생되는 에너지 비용의 절약을 도모할 수 있고, 차가운 외기의 유입으로 인한 열적 균일성 감소 및 그에 기인한 호흡기성 질병 발생을 미연에 방지하는 효과가 있다. 본 연구에서는 열교환기 환기장치의 원격제어 및 원격계측을 위한 제어 및 계측 시스템을 개발하고 개발된 열교환기 환기장치의 제어 및 계측 시스템을 육계 사육장에 설치하여 내부의 온도와 습도의 원격제어 및 원격계측을 통해 성능검증을 수행하였다. 성능검증실험에서 육계 사육장 내부에서 2도 이내의 온도 제어가 가능함을 확인하였다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.25-31
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• 2012

This study examined the efficacy of natural ingredient formulated herbal medicine as feed additives against coccidiosis in broiler chicken. Medicinal herbs used in this study were Artemisia annua, Pulsatilla chinensis, Clematis chinensis and Scutellaria baicalensis. Two week old chicks were administered with 1% ingredient formulated herbal medicine. Observations of the efficacy were confirmed by examining the lesion score, histopathological appearance of cecum, shedding of fecal oocyst and production index in farm. S. baicalensis of the most effective substance were analyzed by UPLC. The results are as follows; among various types of Chinese medicine, the most efficacious ingredient was found to be pure bicalein. The major index substance is bicalein and $13{\mu}g/ml$ per gram was found. Feeding of chickens with S. baicalensis induced the coccidiostat effect and reduced the fecal shedding of E. tenella oocyst by 14%. Experimental results on a farm, feed conversion ratio and weight gain and production rate in the group with natural ingredient formulated additives than in control group increased. The rate of weight gain (%) in each experimental group showed 108% and 126% increase while the mortality rate was 1.4% lower than the control group. The investigation showed that the most efficacious ingredient was found to be S. baicalensis among herbal medicine products for coccidiostats. However, as it was found in the farm experiment that pure S. baicalensis alone is economically unviable. The additives with cocktailed of efficacious ingredient are suggested to be implemented for effective protection against coccidiosis.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.129-132
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• 1998

Avian coccidiosis is a very important disease of poultry industry. In recent years, many researchers studied for the immunology of avian coccidiosis. Coccidial vaccines have been used at some poultry farms in many countries. In order to evaluate the anticoccidial effects of coccidial vaccine to chicken treated with anticoccidial drugs, 4 week-old chicken were administered anticoccidial drugs and challenged with avian coccidia at 2 weeks after vaccination of coccidia. The body weight gains, lesion scores, oocyst indices and anticoccidial indices of chicken were investigated at the time of vaccination, challenge and necropsy. The body weight gains and feed conversion rates of groups immunized with coccidial vaccine and treated with anticoccidial drugs were moderately higher and lower than those of groups treated with anticoccidial drugs, respectively. The lesion score and oocyst indices of all groups immunized with coccidial vaccine and/or treated with anticoccidial drugs were milder than those of infected control groups. The anticoccidial indices of groups immunized with coccidial vaccine and treated with anticoccidial drugs were moderately higher and lower than those of groups. treated with anticoccidial drugs. But all of the investigated items were not statistically significant.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.1201-1206
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• 2008

The effects of free-range farming, compared to a conventional production system, on carcass and meat qualities were studied using black-feathered Taiwan native chickens. Twenty 16-week old females were purchased separately from a free-range farm and a conventional production farm and used for this study. The results showed similarities in the live weight (roughly 2.1 kg), dressing percentage (69%) and meat percentage (19%) of deboned leg quarter. Significant differences (p<0.05) found for the free-range chickens included: a higher percentage of meat for the breast, an increased crude protein content and chewiness value for the breast, but decreased crude fat content and lower hardness and fracturablility values for the leg quarter. Significantly higher L* values were found for the breast and leg meat of conventionally produced chickens, whereas no significant differences were found for WHC and purge loss between the breast and the leg, and between the two production systems as well. Results of sensory evaluation showed a significant preference for leg over breast meat (p<0.05). The scores of all the attributes including aroma, flavor, firmness, tenderness, juiciness and overall acceptability of leg meat from free-range chickens were slightly higher than for conventional chickens, while the reverse was true for breast meat, though no significant difference could be found. Free-range Taiwan native chicken appeared to yield the best of the results, with flavorful yet tender leg meat for higher sensory satisfaction, and high-protein but low-fat breast meat for healthier diet choice.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.1-22
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• 1983

The Purpose of this study is to examine both supply and demand side of broiler chicken in Korea. Especially the paper aims to investigate the broiler chicken production Dressing and marketing pattern which may affect the demand for it. It is generally understood that broiler chicken production becomes unstable because of frequent market price fluctuation mainly due to disequilibrium of quantities demanded ana supplied It is important to point out that marketing in the form dressed chicken has been enforced by the regulation in Seoul area since March 1st, 1983, though live birds have been customarily marketed for year. It is assumed that the subsituation of chicken meat for beef would save foreign exchanges, because increasingly large amount of beef is imported mainly thanked to a chronical shortage in local production. Main findings of this study may be summarized as follows: 1) Broiler chicker production has been rapidly increased recently, estimating 180-200 million head per year with the trend of contineous increase year after year. Price fluctuation during the year is found, especially summer and winter mainly due to seasonal demand change. It is known that mal-funconing of broiler chicken market may be one of the causes for a large Price fluctuation. Accordingly the increase of marketing efficiency may reduce the price fluctuation and also positively impact on creating demand for the chicken consumption. 2) It is also interesting to note that 90 percent of broilers are grown on the floor and almost 86 percent of total broilers composed of so called high-bros, weighing on an average more than 1.6kg per head Approximately 8 weeks are required for of around marketing birds at the feed efficiency of around 2.3-2.5 Average broiler farm raises between 1,000 and 2,000 head, showing a quite small scale of operation. Only a few sampled farmers follow an all-in and all-out method in broiler production.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.33-42
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• 2007

Fowl cholera(FC), which has been classified as reportable animal disease in Korea, occurred in the backyard farm located in Chungju, Chungbuk province. The farm was not ordinary domestic poultry farm but backyard farm with main cultivation of fruits. The farmer reported unusual mortality of chickens which were grazed in his own fruit farm without any poultry house. There was a lots of opportunities to contact with wild animals including wild birds freely. Clinical signs observed in the chickens were torticolis, mucous excretion from mouth and greenish diarrhea. On the necropsy we found multifocal necrosis on the surface of liver, hemorrhages in the epicardium and ovary and mucopurulent exudates in the joint. The causative agents was isolated from the liver of chickens collected from the farms and identified as Pasteurella multocida using biochemical tests of bacteria. Also, the isolated bacteria were inoculated into specific pathogen free chickens to evaluate the pathogenicity. High mortality and similar pathological lesions compared to those of chickens died in the farm were observed. We report the first case of fowl cholera of the chickens in Korea and further studies are needed to evaluate the serotype, genotype and pathogenicity of isolated Pasteurella multocida.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제29권11호
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• pp.1547-1554
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• 2016

To assess genetic diversity and maternal origin of Turkish and Iranian native chicken breeds, we analyzed the mtDNA D-loop sequences of 222 chickens from 2 Turkish (Denizli and Gerze) and 7 Iranian (White Marandi, Black Marandi, Naked Neck, Common Breed, Lari, West Azarbaijan, and New Hampshire) native chicken breeds, together with the available reference sequences of G. gallus gallus in GenBank. The haplotype diversity was estimated as $0.24{\pm}0.01$ and $0.36{\pm}0.02$ for Turkish and Iranian populations, respectively. In total, 19 haplotypes were observed from 24 polymorphic sites in Turkish and Iranian native chicken populations. Two different clades or haplogroups (A and E) were found in Turkish and Iranian chickens. Clade A haplotypes were found only in White Marandi, Common Breed and New Hampshire populations. Clade E haplotypes, which are quite common, were observed in Turkish and Iranian populations with 18 different haplotypes, of which Turkish and Iranian chickens, Clade E, haplotype 1 (TRIRE1) was a major haplotype with the frequency of 81.5% (181/222) across all breeds. Compared to red jungle fowl, Turkish and Iranian chicken breeds are closely related to each other. These results suggest that Turkish and Iranian chickens originated from the same region, the Indian subcontinent. Our results will provide reliable basic information for mtDNA haplotypes of Turkish and Iranian chickens and for studying the origin of domestic chickens.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.301-305
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• 1995

The study was conducted at village level in Pabna milkshed areas of Bangladesh to asses the existing feed and fodder sources of cattle. The results showed that the overall number of cattle per farm family was 7.17 and chicken represents highest number (15.57) per farm family in this area. The results also indicated that during monsoon season the bathan is planted with Vigna mungo and Lathyrus sativus and average grazing hours per day varied from 1.1 in October to 5.6 in February. In Summer, they were offered naturally grown Cynodon dactylon with supplementary feeding of rice straw. The study further showed that the highest (65.7%) feed scarcity was found during mid April to mid May followed by mid June. The cultivation of Vigna mungo was highest (76.71%) compared to Lathyrus sativus by the farmers in the bathan areas. The major constraint to cattle production is the scarcity of quality feed during mid October to mid November.

• 한국가금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가금학회 2005년도 제22차 정기총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.82-83
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• 2005

Recently, layer industry shows the decrease in the number of farm and increase in rearing scale in both Korea and Japan. Seventy percent of layer farms in Japan feed more than 50,000 birds per each farm but in Korea, only 19.3% of layer farms are feeding more than 30,000 birds which covers 59% of total chicken number. This tendeney will be more accellerated from now on. Brand egg Production in Japan is developed with the involvement of farmers, sailers feed companies and also the marketing structure of brand egg is well organised in between farmers and consumers. However in Korea, the marketing structure of brand egg is not well settled for this reason the egg price is often decided lower much price than regrnlar price by the intermediate dealers. Under this kind of tough situation, Korean layer farmers are stressed to develop new brand products such as functional egg, settle the sales and distribution network with the good cooperation of farmers, and distributers.