• 공업화학
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.133-137
• /
• 2011

본 연구에서는 다양한 용도로 사용되는 일라이트의 분산성 및 분산안정성을 향상시키고자, 습식 볼밀 분쇄법을 이용하여 일라이트의 입도를 저감하였다. 분쇄 시간에 따른 일라이트의 입도와 입도분포 및 분산특성의 변화를 고찰하였으며, 또한 여러 가지 pH조건에서 두 시간 동안 습식 볼밀 분쇄 처리하여 얻은 일라이트 분산용액의 분산성 및 분산안정성을 평가하였다. 일라이트의 입도분석 결과 분쇄시간의 증가에 따라 입자의 크기가 현저히 감소하였으며, 2 h의 분쇄시간을 기점으로 입도저감의 효과가 저하됨을 확인하였다. 또한, 입도분포분석 결과 분쇄시간의 증가에 따라 입자가 균일해지는 것을 확인하였다. X-선 회절분석 결과 분쇄에 의한 결정구조의 변화는 나타나지 않았으나 입도저감 또는 박리현상으로 인하여 특성 피크의 강도가 입도저감 시간의 증가에 따라 약해지는 것을 확인하였다. Zeta potential 분석 결과, 분쇄시간이 증가함에 따라서 분산성이 높아지는 것을 확인하였다. 분산 안정성 측정 결과 pH 2에서 분쇄처리한 일라이트의 분산안정성이 가장 낮았고 pH가 증가함에 따라서 표면 이온화도의 증가로 분산성 및 분산안정성이 향상되는 것을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과로부터 일라이트는 습식 볼밀 분쇄처리 시간을 증가시킬수록 입자 크기가 감소하고 표면 에너지 증가 및 입자간의 반발력 상승으로 분산성 및 분산안정성이 향상되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 보존과학연구
• /
• 통권25호
• /
• pp.171-195
• /
• 2004

This research presents an evaluation of the weathering and deterioration state of the Wanggung-ri five-storied stone pagoda in the Iksan (National Treasure No. 289) and suggests conservational schemes. A deterioration map of the pagoda was drawn from the aspects of petrological, physical, chemical, biological, structural and artificial weathering.The rock properties consisting of the pagoda were medium-grained biotite granite that had leucocratic phenocryst developed in parts. The body of each story suffered severely from the secondary contamination that turned the colors into light grey, pitch dark, yellowish brown, and reddish brown as well as granular decomposition, exfoliation and peel-off. The roof stones were heavy exfoliated or peeled off in most of the cases. In addition to the fine cracks, there were layered cracks on the corners. The roof stones of the3rd and 4th story in the north and west side had some stones fall-off, while those of the 2ndstory in the north side had steel reinforcement filled for a fixing purpose. Those of the 5th story showed big gaps that must have originated from cracks and were easily subject to granular decomposition and rainfall. The inside clay filler was missing in the lower part of the roof stones of the 4th and 5th story and the supporting stones, which were thus covered by light grey or pitch dark sediments. The contact area of the materials was about 70 % in the parts where there was a space due to the filler missing and washigher than 90 % in the lower parts of the pagoda. About 90 % or more of the roof stones surface of each story were covered by aerial plants that formed a thick biological mat. Thus it seemed necessary to come up with the conservational measures to remove the plans living on the surface of the stone materials, with the plans to prevent rain from falling inside, and with the water repellent and hardening treatments to postpone the surface weathering of the rock properties. All those measures and plans must be based on the results of long-term monitoring and thorough detail investigations.

• 한국결정성장학회지
• /
• 제30권5호
• /
• pp.194-199
• /
• 2020

2차원 층상결정구조를 갖는 금속산화물 나노시트의 조성을 제어함으로써 재료 물성 및 응용의 확장이 가능하다. 본 연구에서 니오비움(Nb)이 도핑 된 타이타늄산화물(TiO_y) 나노시트 합성에 성공함으로써 나노시트의 조성을 순수조성에서 도핑조성으로 확장할 수 있었다. 상세하게는 출발 물질인 층상 구조 금속산화물 합성 시 도핑 조성을 설계(K_0.8Ti_1.73-xNb_xLi_0.27O₄, x = 0, 0.03, 0.07)하고 고상 합성한 후 유기물처리를 통한 화학적 박리를 수행하였다. 이렇게 함으로써 니오비움이 도핑 된 타이타늄산화물 초박막 나노시트를 수득할 수 있었다. 나노시트의 크기는 x-y 방향에서 긴 길이 기준으로 2 ㎛ 이하였으며 두께(z 방향)는 약 1 nm였다. 니오비움의 도핑 여부는 XRD 및 SEM-EDS 분석을 통해 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제31권2호
• /
• pp.173-181
• /
• 2007

Recently, galvanizing method is predominantly being used not only a economical point of view but also due to it s stability and long life. For example, guard rail of high way, all kinds of structures for ship etc. were protected with galvanizing and demand of galvanized structural materials was being increased with more and more. However, galvanized structures were inevitably being deteriorated with time eventually because they were corroded with solution of galvanizing film and exfoliation of it s film in the present severe corrosive environment. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the corrosion resistance of the galvanizing film through various methods such as variation of chemical composition of galvanizing bath, chromate treatment and coating treatment. In this study, three test specimens such as pure galvanizing, galvarium, and chromate treatment were submerged at tap water with inhibitor addition. And the effect of their corrosion resistance improvement was comparatively investigated with electrochemical method. Corrosion current density of the galvanized steel was the largest among three specimens, however, the galvarium steel showed the lowest corrosion current density. Futhermore, these three kinds of test specimens indicated considerably excellent corrosion resistance by dipped at tap water with inhibitor addition. Especially, the galvanized steel showed the best effect of corrosion resistance improvement than other test specimens.

• 보존과학회지
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.383-398
• /
• 2009

이 연구에서는 비파괴 기법을 활용하여 관룡사 약사전 벽화에 채색된 안료의 화학적 특성을 규명하고, 손상유형에 따른 정밀진단을 통해 훼손도를 정량적으로 평가하였다. 각 색상에 따른 추정 안료는 기존의 연구와 동일한 것으로 확인 되었으나, 청색계통과 화조화의 바탕으로 채색된 녹색계통의 안료에서 검출된 Co는 지금까지 전통 채색 안료에서 확인 된 바 없는 특이한 결과이다. 훼손도 진단을 위해 초음파 측정, 적외선 열화상 촬영 등을 실시한 결과, 관룡사 약사전벽화에 발생한 균열 및 박리 박락은 수분의 영향으로 판단된다. 따라서 이 벽화의 장기적인 보존을 위해서는 벽화로 유입되는 수분의 침투경로를 정확히 파악하고 효율적인 주변환경 관리를 통해 장기적인 보존대책을 마련해야 할 것이다.

• 상하수도학회지
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.545-558
• /
• 2006

The current conditions of large water mains are evaluated by deteriorations and the causes of deterioration are investigated through visual assessments in the field, mechanical tests and analysis of chemical compositions in laboratory for each pipe material, unlined cast iron pipes (CIPs), ductile iron pipes (DCIPs) and steel pipes (SPs) Tubercles and scales from internal and external corrosion of unlined cast iron pipes were identified as the causes of functional performance limitations in large water mains. It is investigated that main causes of internal and external corrosion of water pipes are from lots of depositions of organic and inorganic substances on pipe surface, concentrated pitting, and uniform corrosion by local or global exfoliation or detachment of lining and coatings of DCIPs and SPs. Internal and external corrosion depths of CIPs were higher than those of DCIPs and SPs. Consequently, total corrosion rate summed internal and external corrosion rates of CIPs also were shown to be higher than those of DCIPs and SPs. The failure time from hole generation of CIPs by total corrosion rate was predicted to be taken sixteen years, and DCIPs and SPs were twenty-six years and one hundred and fifty three years. And longitudinal deflection of investigated water mains were not happened and mechanical strengths such as tensile strength, elongation, and hardness also were mostly suited to Korea Standards. It was thought that the weakness of tensile strength of one sample(S-11) was, however, due to higher carbon contents(%) in CIPs. Pipe deterioration score of S-46 was 55.2 and was preferentially assessed to be rehabilitated.

• Applied Science and Convergence Technology
• /
• 제26권5호
• /
• pp.110-113
• /
• 2017

The two-dimensional layered $MoS_2$ has high mobility and excellent optical properties, and there has been much research on the methods for using this for next generation electronics. $MoS_2$ is similar to graphene in that there is comparatively weak bonding through Van der Waals covalent bonding in the substrate-$MoS_2$ and $MoS_2-MoS_2$ heteromaterial as well in the layer-by-layer structure. So, on the monatomic level, $MoS_2$ can easily be exfoliated physically or chemically. During the $MoS_2$ field-effect transistor fabrication process of photolithography, when using water, the water infiltrates into the substrate-$MoS_2$ gap, and leads to the problem of a rapid decline in the material's yield. To solve this problem, an epoxy-based, as opposed to a water-based photoresist, was used in the photolithography process. In this research, a hydrophobic $MoS_2$ field effect transistor (FET) was fabricated on a hydrophilic $SiO_2$ substrate via chemical vapor deposition CVD. To solve the problem of $MoS_2$ exfoliation that occurs in water-based photolithography, a PPMA sacrificial layer and SU-8 2002 were used, and a $MoS_2$ film FET was successfully created. To minimize Ohmic contact resistance, rapid thermal annealing was used, and then electronic properties were measured.

• 보존과학회지
• /
• 제29권2호
• /
• pp.93-102
• /
• 2013

속초 신흥사 목조지장보살삼존상(보물 제1749호)은 신흥사 명부전에 안치되어 있다. 이 삼존상에는 부분적으로 균열, 박락 등의 물리적 손상과 안료 변색, 균류 서식 등의 화학적 및 생물학적 손상이 발생하였다. 이 연구에서는 삼존상의 손상도 평가 및 보존계획을 수립하기 위해 손상지도 작성, 초음파 측정, X-선 및 내시경 촬영 등의 비파괴 정밀진단을 수행하였다. 이 결과, 지장보살에서는 개금층 박락이 관찰되며 각종 오염물이 불상표면에 고착되어 있다. 무독귀왕은 누수에 의한 안료변색이 심하다. 도명존자는 노출된 목부재에서 곤충의 서식흔적이 확인되었으며, 내부에서는 벌집이 관찰되었다. 따라서 이 손상도 진단 결과를 바탕으로 삼존상의 원형을 보존하기 위한 보수가 필요한 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국진공학회 2012년도 제42회 동계 정기 학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.195-195
• /
• 2012

Recently, graphene based solution-gated field-effect transistors (SGFETs) have been received a great attention in biochemical sensing applications. Graphene and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) possess various advantages such as high sensitivity, low detection limit, label-free electrical detection, and ease of fabrication due to their 2D nature and large sensing area compared to 1D nanomaterials- based nanobiosensors. Therefore, graphene or RGO -based SGFET is a good potential candidate for sensitive detection of protons (H+ ions) which can be applied as the transducer in various enzymatic or cell-based biosensing applications. However, reports on detection of H+ ions using graphene or RGO based SGFETs have been still limited. According to recent reports, clean graphene grown by CVD or exfoliation is electrochemically insensitive to changes of H+ concentration in solution because its surface does not have terminal functional groups that can sense the chemical potential change induced by varying surface charges of H+ on CVD graphene surface. In this work, we used RGO -SGFETs having oxygen-containing functional groups such as hydroxyl (OH) groups that effectively interact with H+ ions for expectation of increasing pH sensitivity. Additionally, we also investigate RGO based SGFETs for bio-sensing applications. Hydroloytic enzymes were introduced for sensing of biomolecular interaction on the surface of RGO -SGFET in which enzyme and substrate are acetylcholinesterase (AchE) and acetylcholine (Ach), respectively. The increase in H+ generated through enzymatic reaction of hydrolysis of Ach by AchE immobilized on RGO channel in SGFET could be monitored by the change in the drain-source current (Ids).

• 접착 및 계면
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.94-99
• /
• 2022

졸-겔 공정 및 용액 블렌딩 공정을 이용하여 삼성분계(그래핀/실리카/EVOH) 나노 복합 코팅 물질을 제조하였다. SEM 관찰 및 XRD 분석을 통하여 제조된 산화 그래핀의 삽입/박리 구조뿐만 아니라 나노 복합 물질 내에서의 그래핀 나노 판상체와 실리카 입자의 박리 구조 및 분산 상태를 확인하였다. 삼성분계 나노 복합 물질로 코팅된 BOPP의 산소 차단성은 산화 그래핀 및 실리카 입자를 일정 수준의 함량으로 첨가했을 때 이성분계(실리카/EVOH) 나노 복합 코팅 필름에 비해 뚜렷하게 향상되었나, 그 이상의 함량으로 첨가하면 불완전한 박리 및 그래핀 적층체의 분산과 실리카 클러스터의 미세 크랙 발생으로 인하여 차단성이 거의 일정하거나 또는 그 증가 폭이 매우 작은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 나노 복합 코팅 필름의 투명성은 그래핀 함량에 따른 필름의 광투과율을 측정함으로써 확인하였으며, 이러한 결과로부터 식품 포장 필름으로의 적용 가능성을 제시할 수 있었다.