• 분석과학
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.291-299
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• 1997

톱밥의 주성분인 cellulose를 이용하여 cellulose-OH를 cellulose-Cl로 전환시킨 다음 킬레이트 시약인 2,2'-iminodibenzoic acid염을 반응시켜 킬레이트 흡착제인 2,2'-iminodibenzoic acid-cellulose를 합성하였다. 그리고 합성된 흡착제를 이용하여 Pb(II)와 Cu(II)의 흡착성을 연구하였다. 흡착 특성에 대한 실험 결과, pH가 증가할수록 금속 이온의 흡착량이 증가함을 알 수 있었다. 최적 흡착 반응시간은 약 1시간, 흡착능과 회수량은 Cu(II)보다 Pb(II)의 경우가 더 좋음을 알 수 있었다.

• 분석과학
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.452-459
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• 1998

수산계 폐기물로부터 분리한 chitin을 epichlorohydrin과 반응시켜 가교 chitin을 제조한 후 탈아세틸화하여 가교 chitosan을 제조하였다. 가교 chitosan-OH를 가교 chitosan-Cl로 전환시킨 뒤 킬레이트 시약인 2,2'-Iminodibenzoic acid 염과 반응시켜 킬레이트 흡착제인 2,2'-Iminodibenzoic acid-가교 chitosan을 합성하였다. 그리고 합성된 흡착제를 이용하여 Pb(II), Cu(II), Cd(II)의 흡착과 회수 특성을 연구하였다. 흡착특성에 대한 실험 결과, pH가 증가할수록 흡착되는 금속 이온의 양이 증가함을 알 수 있었다. 최적 반응시간은 1시간, 흡착력은 Cu(II)

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.458-464
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• 2006

The adsorption ability of heavy metal ions from the aqueous solution by chitosan, which it is well known natural biopolymer, has been investigated. The fundamental study in this research is focusing on the physicochemical adsorption utilizing the chitosan as a organic chelating adsorbent, adsorb especially heavy metal ions from the waste liquid solution. The adsorption ability of the chitosan between metal ions, having different characteristics with Mw of 188,600, 297,200, and 504,200 g/mol and degree of deacetylation (DD) of 86.92% and 100% were investigated targeting on the $Ni^{2+}$, $Co^{2+}$, $Zn^{2+}$, and $Pb^{2+}$ ions, respectively. The uptake of heavy metal ions with chitosan was performed by atomic absorption flame emission spectrophotometer (AAS) as conducted residual metal ions. It was found that chitosan has an strong adsorption capacity for some metals under certain conditions. Chitosan, which have 100% degree of deacetylation showed high adsorption recovery ratio and have an affinity for all kinds of heavy metals. In contrast, the molecular weight of chitosan was not completely affected on metal ion adsorption.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제41권8호
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• pp.1101-1108
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• 2009

The ocean contains around eighty elements of the periodic table and uranium is also one among them, with a uniform concentration of 3.3 ppb and a relative abundance factor of 23. With a large coastline, India has a large stake in exploiting the 4 billion tonnes of uranium locked in seawater. The development of radiation grafting techniques, which are useful in incorporating the required functional groups, has led to more efficient adsorbent preparations in various geometrical configurations. Separation based on a polymeric adsorbent is becoming an increasingly popular technique for the extraction of trace heavy metals from seawater. Radiation grafting has provided definite advantages over chemical grafting. Studies related to thermally bonded non woven porous polypropylene fiber sheet substrate characterization and parameters to incorporate specific groups such as acrylonitrile (AN) into polymer back bones have been investigated. The grafted polyacrylonitrile chains were chemically modified to convert acrylonitrile group into an amidoxime group, a chelating group responsible for heavy metal uptake from seawater/brine. The present work has been undertaken to concentrate heavy metal ions from lean solutions from constant potential sources only. A scheme was designed and developed for investigation of the recovery of heavy metal ions such as uranium and vanadium from seawater.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.1-12
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• 1995

Under accelerated industrial developments environment pollution comes out to be very stirious. Especially the ions of heavy metal from wastewater, even if they are minimal, accumulated in ecology circle and do finally injury to human health. The general process for removal of heavy metals include coagulation and following sedimentation, ion -exchange and active carbon adsorption and sedimentation that applicate in popular, needs the expense of coagulant the additional treatment of sludge on the general process of coagulation and sedimentation. It is also a serious problem that the second pollution caused by coagulant. However chelating adsorption that uses natural chelating high- molecular compound has not pollution problem Among chelating high- molecules, the diminishing chitin that contained in crustaceans as crawfish and crab in our country with affluent water resources are easy to get. So it is advantageous to use this ubiquitous material for removing heavy metals because we could reuse natural resource. In this research, the author tested the effectiveness of the adsorption and removal of heavy metal ions by chitin and its derivatives. Chitin and cellulose became beads and used as flocculant, in this test. The results are as follows . First, bead showed higher removal ratio than powder in the comparative test on adsorbents such as chitin, chitosan and cellulose. Secondly, in the variety test by the kinds of adsorbent and time. chitosan bead and cellulose bead that showed the highest removal ratio. One hour need to remove the ions of heavy metal. Thirdly, the results of the adsorption degree test by pH revealed high removal ratio adsorption of chitin, cellulose and chitosan bead in alkalin condition but chitosan bead in acidic condition.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.27-33
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• 2009

실제 시료에 들어있는 흔적량 Cd(II)를 2-mercaptobenzothiazole이 내포되어 있는 미세결정 p-dichlorobenzene에 예비농축시킨 후 정량하는 감도좋은 방법을 개발하였다. 시료 용액의 pH, 킬레이트제 2-mercaptobenzothiazole의 양, 흡착제 p-dichlorobenzene-2-MBT의 양 그리고 시료 용액의 흐름속도 등 여러 실험조 건을 최적화하였다. 여러 공존이온에 대한 방해효과를 조사하였는데 다른 이온들보다 Cu(II)가 비교적 심하게 방해를 하였다. 그러나 Cu(II)에 의한 방해는 시료용액의 tartrate 이온의 농도를 0.01 M이 되게 하든지 또는 0.20 g의 p-dichlorobenzene에 내포된 2-mercaptobenzothiazole의 양을 0.08 g에서 0.12 g이 되게 하면 충분히 없앨 수 있었다. 이 방법에 의해 얻어진 직선 감응범위, 상관계수($R^2$) 및 검출한계는 각각 0.5-30 ng $mL^{-1}$, 0.9962, 및 0.39 ng $mL^{-1}$로서, p-dichlorobenzene을 흡착제 매질로 이용하여 매우 좋은 결과를 얻었다. 이 방법을 실제 시료에 적용할 수 있을지를 확인하기 위해 수용액 시료(폐수, 시냇물, 그리고 저수지물)와 플라스틱 시료에 응용하였다. 회수율은 93-104% 정도였으며, ICP-MS를 이용하여 얻은 값과 이 방법으로 얻은 값은 F 시험법에 의하면 95% 신뢰수준에서 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 실험 결과들로부터 이 방법은 여러 실제 시료에 들어있는 Cd(II)을 농축 정량하는데 응용할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 분석과학
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.240-246
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• 2010

Salicylaldoxime (SA)이 내포되어 있는 미세결정 p-dichlorobenzene 흡착제(p-dichlorobenzene-SA)를 이용하여 시료에 흔적량으로 들어있는 Cu(II)를 예비농축시킨 후 불꽃 원자흡수분광법으로 정량하는 방법을 개발하였다. 시료 용액의 pH, 킬레이트제 salicylaldoxime의 양, 흡착제 p-dichlorobenzene-SA의 양 그리고 시료 용액의 흐름속도 등 여러 실험조건을 최적화하였다. 여러 공존이온에 대한 방해효과를 조사한 결과, $CN^1$가 다른 이온들보다 비교적 심하게 방해하였다. $1\;{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}\;CN^-$에 의한 방해효과는 Ni(II)를$20\;{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$ 되도록 조절한 결과, 완전히 제거할 수 있었다. 본 방법으로 얻은 직선 감응범위, 상관계수($R^2$) 및 검출한계는 각각 $3.0\sim100\;ng\;mL^{-1}$, 0.9901, 및 $3.1\;ng\;mL^{-1}$ 이었다. 본 방법을 실제 시료에 적용가능 여부를 확인하기 위해 수용액 시료(폐수, 저수지물 및 시냇물)와 식품시료(오렌지 쥬스, 생계란 및 탈지분유)에 응용하였다. 회수율은 93~104% 범위이었으며, ICP-MS를 이용하여 직접 측정한 값과 본 방법으로 측정한 값을 비교한 결과, 95% 신뢰수준에서 잘 일치하였다. 본 방법을 쌀가루 인증표준물질(certified reference material, CRM) 시료에 응용해 보았으며 좋은 결과를 얻었다. 실험 결과들로부터 본 방법은 여러 실제 시료에 들어있는 Cu(II)를 농축 및 정량하는데 응용할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.444-450
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• 2011

A novel method that utilizes poly(5-methyl-2-thiozyl methacrylamide-co-2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid-co-divinylbenzene) [MTMAAm/AMPS/DVB] as a solid-phase extractant was developed for simultaneous preconcentration of trace Cd(II), Co(II), Cr(III), Cu(II), Fe(III), Mn(II), Ni(II), Pb(II), and Zn(II) prior to the measurement by flame atomic absorpiton spectrometry (FAAS). Experimental conditions for effective adsorption of the metal ions were optimized using column procedures. The optimum pH value for the simultaneously separation of the metal ions on the new adsorbent was 2.5. Effects of concentration and volume of elution solution, sample flow rate, sample volume and interfering ions on the recovery of the analytes were investigated. A high preconcentration factor, 100, and low relative standard deviation values, $\leq$1.5% (n = 10), were obtained. The detection limits (${\mu}gL^{-1}$) based on the 3s criterion were 0.18 for Cd(II), 0.11 for Co(II), 0.07 for Cr(III), 0.12 for Cu(II), 0.18 for Fe(III), 0.67 for Mn(II), 0.13 for Ni(II), 0.06 for Pb(II), and 0.09 for Zn(II). The validation of the procedure was performed by the analysis of two certified reference materials. The presented method was applied to the determination of the analytes in various environmental samples with satisfactory results.