• 한국인쇄학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2002

The removal of chelated copper from anthraquinone dyes by cementation on powdered iron was studied. The removal of chelated copper was found to be a function of solution pH, amount of NTA and iron, and reaction temperature. In the presence of NTA, reaction rate of cementation was found to be strongly dependent on reaction temperature, solution pH, amount of NTA and amount of iron powder. These experimental results can be explained successfully by the distribution of complexed copper iron in solutions.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2024

A total of 180 21-day-old weaning pigs ([Yorkshire × Landrace] × Duroc) with an initial body weight of 6.44 ± 0.01 kg were randomly assigned to 9 treatments for evaluating the effects of replacing dietary inorganic copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) with glycine (Gly) or methionine (Met)-chelated Cu and Zn on growth performance and nutrient digestibility. The experimental period was 35 days. There were four replicated pens per treatment, with five pigs (three males and two females) per pen. Dietary treatments consisted of a basal diet (CON), in which the sources of Cu and Zn were in inorganic form. The inorganic Cu and Zn in the basal diet were replaced by glycine-chelated (GC) and methionine-chelated (MC) Cu and Zn by 30, 50, 70, or 100% to form the GC1, GC2, GC3, GC4, or MC1, MC2, MC3, MC4 groups. The 100% replacement of dietary inorganic Cu and Zn with GC or MC increased (p < 0.05) average daily gain, average daily feed intake, and gain-to-feed ratio. The complete replacement of dietary inorganic Cu and Zn with GC or MC led to enhanced (p < 0.05) digestibility of dry matter, nitrogen, Cu and Zn. Thus, the replacement of inorganic Cu and Zn with GC or MC can improve the growth efficiency and nutrient utilization of weaning pigs.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.295-301
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• 2013

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of chelated Cu and Zn on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood profiles, and fecal noxious gas emission in weanling pigs. A total of 90 weanling pigs with an initial body weight (BW) of $5.27{\pm}0.04kg$ were randomly allotted to two dietary treatments for 42 d. Pigs were then fed a control diet (CON) or a Zinpro diet (CON + 0.1% chelate copper and zinc). There were nine replicate-pens with five pigs in each pen. During d 0 to 14 and d 14 to 28, the ADFI decreased (p<0.05) and the G/F increased (p<0.05) in pigs fed the Zinpro diet compared with those that received the CON diet. During d 28 to 42, the ADFI increased (p<0.05) in pigs fed the Zinpro diet relative to those fed the CON diet. Additionally, the apparent total tract digestibility of DM, N, and energy increased (p<0.05) in the Zinpro group when compared to the CON group on d 14 and 28. The lymphocyte percentage was also greater (p<0.05) in the Zinpro group than in the CON group. Overall, dietary supplementation with 0.1% chelate copper and zinc improved the growth performance and nutrient digestibility in weanling pigs.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.173-180
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• 1992

The effects of the stabilizing additives such as NaCN, 2-MBT and Thiourea on bath decom-position, plating rate and surface morphology have been studied. Bath stability was increased in the order of an additive-free bath, and NaCN-, 2-MBT-, and Thiourea-stabilized baths. The sta-bilizing effects may be attributed to the stability of Cu(II) -complexes. The plating rate is the re-verse order of the bath stability. Accelerative effect of 2-MBT in proper quantity(0.3mg/$\ell$) may be explained by visualizing it absorbed through benzene ring or sulfur atom on portions of the sub-strates. The strong bond of the complexing part of the molecule to nearby chelated copper ions would tend to accelerate plating by making it easier for the Cu2+ -ligand bond to be broken. Sur-face morphologies of copper deposits depend on the bath additives. Electroless copper deposits from the 2-MBT stabilized baths are finer than the deposits from the NaCN- and Thiourea- stabi-lized baths due to the strong adsorption on the substrates.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.1616-1620
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• 2001

Two feeding trials were conducted to study the effects of different chelated copper and zinc compounds on the performance and fecal excretions of weanling pigs. In Exp. 1, 150 weanling pigs ($L{\times}Y{\times}D$, $12.30{\pm}2.07kg$) were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments: 170 ppm Cu from $CuSO_4$, 85 ppm Cu from Cu amino-chelate (CAC), 170 ppm Cu from CAC, 85 ppm Cu from Cu-Lysine (CL), and 170 ppm Cu from CL. In Exp. 2, 150 weanling pigs ($L{\times}Y{\times}D$, $12.52{\pm}1.80kg$) were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments: 120 ppm Zn from $ZnSO_4$, 60 ppm Zn from Zn-amino-chelate (ZAC), 120 ppm Zn from ZAC, 60 ppm Zn from Zn-Methionine (ZM), and 120 ppm Zn from ZM. In both experiments, pigs were randomly distributed to the treatments following a randomized complete block design on the basis of body weight as the blocking variable. Each experiment was conducted for 28 days. Blood and fecal samples were collected to determine mineral contents as affected by the dietary treatments. There was no difference (p>0.05) in ADG and ADFI among treatments, but F/G was improved (p<0.05) in pigs fed diet with 170 ppm CAC than 85 ppm CL but not different (p>0.05) to the control (170 ppm $CuSO_4$). Regardless of copper source, concentration of Cu in serum and feces were higher in pigs fed diet with 170 ppm Cu than pigs fed diet with 85 ppm Cu (Exp 1). In Exp 2 the ADG was higher (p<0.05) in pigs fed diet with 120 ppm ZM than in pigs fed diets with 120 ppm $ZnSO_4$ and 60 ppm ZAC and ZM. The serum zinc concentration was generally higher (p<0.05) in pigs fed diet with organic source than the control group ($ZnSO_4$). Also, there was a trend towards a decrease in fecal excretions of zinc when dietary zinc level was low. The efficacy of the two chelated copper and zinc sources is similar in terms of growth performance. The fecal excretions for Cu and Zn could be reduced in pigs fed low level of these minerals using organic sources.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.861-865
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• 2002

A sensitive method for the determination of trace copper(II) after the preconcentration by adsorbing its cupferron complex onto microcrystalline benzophenone was developed.Several experimental conditions such as the pH of sample solution,concentration of cupferron, amount of benzophenone and atirring time were optimized. Trace compper(II) in 100mL solution was chelated with $3.0\;{\times}\;10^3$ M cupferron at pH 5.0. After 0.20g benzophenone, The benzophenone adsorbing Cu-cupferron complex was filtered and then Cu-cupferron complex was desorbed in 10 mL ethanol. Copper was determined by a flame atomic absorption spectrophotomethry. The interfering effects of diverse concomitant ions were investigated. Fe(III) interfered seriously with, but the interference by Fe(III) was completely eliminated by adjusting the concentration of copferron to $5.0\;{\times}\;10^3$ M. The detection limit of this method was 8.6${\times}$10 M(5.5 ngmL$^1$). Recoveries of 97% and 96% were obtained for Cu(II) in a stream water and a brass sample, respectively. Based on the results from the experiment. this proposed technique could be applied to the determination of copper(II) in real samples.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.7-11
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• 2003

감자 polyphenol oxidase의 구리결합지역 DNA와 histidine 다량 함유 인공 펩타이드를 암호화하는 DNA를 대장균 벡터에 각각 클로닝하여 발현시킨 후 대장균 내의 구리함량 증감을 조사하였다. Polyphenol oxidase의 구리결합지역 DNA를 포함하는 PPOCBpET32 벡터를 함유하는 균주의 경우는 벡터를 함유하지 않는 대장균 대조구보다 오히려 구리 함량이 약간 감소하여 약 600ppm의 간을 보여주어, 감자 polyphenol oxidase 구리결합지역의 대장균 내에서의 발현이 구리 함량 증가에 기여하지 못함을 알 수 있었다. 반면에 한 개의 hexahistidine 단위 DNA를 포함하는 pET28a 벡터 함유 대장균 균주를 knamycin 미첨가 배지에서 배양한 경우에는 구리 함량이 약 2,500ppm으로 높게 나타났다. 한편 hexahistidine 9개로 구성된 polyhistidine을 암호화하는 DNA를 포함하는 pET-his 벡터 함유 균주를 kanamycin 미첨가 배지에서 배양한 경우에 구리함량이 약 3,200ppm으로 나타나, 하나의 hexahistidine 단위만 발현하는 균주와 비교하여 구리함량이 약 30% 증가됨을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.21-27
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• 1974

This work was carried out to investigate the chemical properties of the chelate compounds which were produced with 2-methoxy-5-nitrophenol(MNG) and metal salt such as copper nitrate and manganese nitrate. And obtained results were as in the followings. 1) The binding ratio of the chelate compounds formation were determined by using the molar ratio concentration method and their chemical structures were identified by IR-spectrum. 2) In the absorbance measuring, 2-methoxy-5-nitrophenol coordinated with manganese and copper showed the maximum absorbance at $430 m\mu$ and $410 m\mu$ respectively. 3) The binding ratio of chelated compounds were measured by molar ratio method and continuous variation method with spectrophotometer, which was identified as 1:2. 4) The conditional formation constant(log Kn value) of manganese and copper chelate compounds were 6.70, 6.75, respectively according to the equation of $log\frac{A-AM\circ n MNG}{AMm MNG-A}=n log (M\circ)+log Kn$ 5) The dissociations degree of manganese and copper chelate compound were $2, 300{\times} 10^{-7}$, $2, 346{\times} 10^{-7}$ respectively according to the molar calculation method.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권11호
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• pp.1527-1534
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• 2010

Trace minerals such as zinc, copper, and manganese are essential cofactors for hundreds of cellular enzymes and transcription factors in all animal species, and thus participate in a wide variety of biochemical processes. Immune development and response, tissue and bone development and integrity, protection against oxidative stress, and cellular growth and division are just a few examples. Deficiencies in trace minerals can lead to deficits in any of these processes, as well as reductions in growth performance. As such, most animal diets are supplemented with inorganic and/or organic forms of trace minerals. Inorganic trace minerals (ITM) such as sulfates and oxides form the bulk of trace mineral supplementation, but these forms of minerals are well known to be prone to dietary antagonisms. Feeding high-quality chelated trace minerals or other classes of organic trace minerals (OTM) can provide the animal with more bioavailable forms of the minerals. Interestingly, many, if not most, published experiments show little or no difference in the bioavailability of OTMs versus ITMs. In some cases, it appears that there truly is no difference. However, real differences in bioavailability can be masked if source comparisons are not made on the linear portion of the dose-response curve. When highly bioavailable chelated minerals are fed, they will better supply the biochemical systems of the cells of the animal, leading to a wide variety of benefits in both poultry and swine. Indeed, the use of certain chelated trace minerals has been shown to enhance mineral uptake, and improve the immune response, oxidative stress management, and tissue and bone development and strength. Furthermore, the higher bioavailability of these trace minerals allows the producer to achieve similar or improved performance, at reduced levels of trace mineral inclusion.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.399-406
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• 2002

Methionine chelate 형태로 Cu 및 Zn의 첨가가 육계의 생산성과 영양소 이용률, 혈청 IgG 수준, 근위의 손상정도(gizzard erosion index) 그리고 간과 배설물의 Cu와 Zn 함량에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 갓 부화한 1,000수의 Ross$^{(R)}$ 병아리를 4처리 5반복, 반복당 50수(암수 각각 25수씩)를 배치하여 5주간 사양시험을 실시하였다. 시험사료는 대조구 사료에 Cu와 Zn를 methionine chelate 형태로 100 ppm씩 단독 또는 혼합첨가하여 만들었다. 증체량은 chelate 첨가구들 모두 대조구 보다 높았고(P<0.05), 사료요구량은 chelate 첨가구들이 대조구 보다 낮았다(P<0.05). Cu와 Zn를 혼합하여 첨가한 처리구의 증체량과 사료효율은 Cu와 Zn를 단독 첨가한 처리구들보다 높은 경향을 나타냈다. 영양소 이용률은 Cu 및 Zn chelate 첨가에 의해 유의한 영향을 받지 않았다. 혈청 IgG 농도는 Cu와 Zn chelate 혼합처리구가 대조구에 비해 유의하게 높았으나(P< 0.05), 근위 궤양 정도는 처리에 따른 차이가 없었다. 간과 배설물 내 Cu 및 Zn 함량은 사료에서 이들 광물질의 함량에 의해 영향을 받았다(P<0.05). 결론적으로 Cu와 Zn chelate 단독 또는 혼합하여 첨가시 육계의 증체량과 사료효율을 개선시키고 혈청 IgG 농도를 증가시키며 간 내 Cu와 Zn 수준은 유의한 영향을 받지 않으나 분 내 Cu와 Zn의 함량은 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다.