• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.491-505
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• 2019

This study analyzes global fashion clusters to provide insight for the domestic fashion market to form a competitive fashion cluster. We examine formation factors and operation types of the global fashion clusters to understand their characteristics. We also explore the effectiveness of each global fashion cluster by investigating the stage of development in fashion clusters. Fourteen cases of global fashion clusters are collected and analyzed. First, global fashion clusters show three types of formation and operation: self-formation, self-formation & government based development, and government, institute, and enterprise based formation & development. Second, the characteristics of global fashion clusters are based on functions related to space, learning, innovation, network, and knowledge. Third, there are four steps in the development stage of global fashion clusters: professional clusters, industrial clusters, learning clusters and innovative industrial clusters. In particular, innovative industrial clusters, the final stage of development, have high levels of effectiveness in terms of co-growth and collaboration among fashion-related businesses in fashion clusters. The results of this study can help guide the development of local fashion cluster in Korea.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.35-55
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• 2020

The support policy of Micro manufacturers clusters should reflect the regional characteristics of Micro manufacturers clusters, but only similar policies are proposed based on the normal collection of information from related companies. Since the regional characteristics of Micro manufacturers clusters are not understood, they are not reflected in the support policy. Therefore, this study analyzed the characteristics of Micro manufacturers clusters as the formation factors of localization, networking/embeddedness, and innovation synergy/collective learning which are the characteristics of clusters, and applied the development stage based on the analyzed formation factors. Since regional characteristics may be different in the same industry, Micro manufacturers clusters in Changsin and Jangwi, which are representative clusters of apparel sewing industry in Seoul, were compared and studied in terms of regional characteristics and developmental stages. As a result of analyzing the characteristics of Apparel Sewing Micro manufacturers clusters, clusters of peers were found to be higher in Changsin than in Jangwi in localization. However, in the synergy and group learning, the Changsin area was mainly centered on designers and the Jangwi area was centered on Micro manufacturers, the Changsin area was active while the Jangwi area was passive in participating in fairs and seminars, and in sample and production. As a result of examining the two formation factors, the development stage of Micro manufacturers clusters in the two regions is progressing beyond the industrial district in the case of Micro manufacturers clusters in Changsin apparel sewing, and the Micro manufacturers clusters in the Jangwi apparel sewing are analyzed to stay in the industrial district. Innovative and long-established garment sewing clusters suggest that the government's support policy needs to reflect the characteristics and development stages of the two regions for sustainable growth.

• Proceedings of the Technology Innovation Conference
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• 2002.06a
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• pp.238-256
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• 2002

Competitiveness of a nation can be explained by the concept of national innovation systems(NIS). As components of NIS, industry clusters become the issue in analysing innovative activity of an economy. Innovative clusters can be identified by the innovation survey or other economic activity data. Input-output Table was used widely as a tool for quantitative analysis, This paper classifies seven clusters in Korean industry based on inter-industries trade of intermediary goods and services, Maximizing procedure method is used in analysing input-output table. Identified clusters are Textiles/chemicals, Construction/Material, Instrument/Equipment, Automobile, Services, Energy, and Agriculture/Food cluster, Among these clusters, some different characteristics in R&D portfolios are detected. R&D investment characteristics of each cluster give us significant implications in understanding innovative dynamics of Korean industry.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.145-150
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• 2006

Recently we have seen a noticeable trend in ports to establish port clusters. Despite this trend, little research has actually been undertaken to fully define and analyse port clusters. A couple of exceptions have descriptively defined port clusters but the boundaries of port clusters are not apparent. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to define port clusters in terms of set theory and in particular look at them in terms of their distinct characteristics and system boundaries. The main concern of this paper is that there is a need to distinguish, from a system and a competition perspective, between port clusters, ports, maritime clusters and port ranges. This paper proposes a conceptual model relevant to the relationship among port clusters related assemblages and that has been applied to the north western europe region This model suggests six levels of competition that will help port authorities and government to develop appropriate policies and strategies for port operation and port industry.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.378-384
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• 2012

Three Korean-bred strawberry cultivars 'Maehyang', 'Seolhyang', and 'Keumhyang', and a Japanese cultivar 'Tochiotome' were grown in a greenhouse and their physicochemical characteristics were investigated. Fruit weight of 'Seolhyang' and 'Keumhyang' in the first and second fruit clusters were greater than those of other cultivars and that of 'Tochiotome' was the greatest in the fifth fruit cluster. Fruit firmness generally decreased at later fruit clusters, and was the lowest in 'Seolhyang'. The sugars/organic acids ratios in the first and third fruit clusters of 'Maehyang' were 4.9 and 8.0, respectively, representing the highest values among all cultivars. The ascorbic acid content was the greatest in the second fruit cluster for 'Seolhyang', 'Keumhyang', and 'Tochiotome' cultivars and that of 'Maehyang' was the greatest at the third fruit cluster. The anthocyanin content was higher in later fruit clusters and was the highest in 'Keumhyang' overall. Results indicate that Korean cultivars bred for the plastic protected culture, which are intended for very early harvest, showed more desirable physical characteristics in the first and second fruit clusters, while the content of anthocyanin was greater in the fruits from later fruit clusters.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.69-103
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• 1984

Five different calibrations of metal abundances of globular clusters are examined and these are compared with metallicity ranking parameters such as $(Sp)_c$, . Q39 and IR-indices. Except for the calibration $[Fe/H]_H$ by the high dispersion echelle analysis. the other calibration scales are correlated with the morphological parameters of red giant branch. In the $[Fe/H]_H$-scale. the clusters later than ${\sim}F8$ have nearly a constant metal abundance. $[Fe/H]_H{\simeq}-1.05$, regradless of morphological characteristics of horizontal branch and red giant branch. By the two fundamental calibration scales of $[Fe/H]_L$ (derived by the low dispersion analysis) and $[Fe/H]_{{\Delta}s}$ (derived by the spectral analysis of RR Lyrae stars). the globular clusters are divided into the halo clusters with [Fe/H]<-1.0 and the disk clusters confined within the galactocentric distance ${\tau}_G=10\;kpc$ and galactic plane distance |z|=3 kpc. In this case the abundance gradient is given by d[Fe/H]/$dr_G{\approx}-0.05\;kpc^{-1}$ and d[Fe/H]/$d|z|{\simeq}-0.08\;kpc^{-1}$ within ${\tau}_G=20\;kpc$ and |z|=10 kpc, respectively. According to these characteristics of the spatial distribution of globular clusters. the chemical evolution of the galactic globular clusters can be accounted for by the two-zone (disk-halo) slow collapse model when the $[Fe/H]_L$-or $[Fe/H]_{{\Delta}s}$-scale is applied. In the case of $[Fe/H]_H$-scale, the one-zone fast collapse model is preferred for the evolution of globular clusters.