• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.267-273
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• 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the influence of kilovoltage- peak (kVp) and the metal artifact reduction (MAR) tool on the detection of buccal and lingual peri-implant dehiscence in the presence of titanium-zirconia (Ti-Zr) and zirconia (Zr) implants in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Materials and Methods: Twenty implant sites were created in the posterior region of human mandibles, including control sites (without dehiscence) and experimental sites (with dehiscence). Individually, a Ti-Zr or Zr implant was placed in each implant site. CBCT scans were performed using a Picasso Trio device, with variation in the kVp setting (70 or 90 kVp) and whether the MAR tool was used. Three oral radiologists scored the detection of dehiscence using a 5-point scale. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, sensitivity, and specificity were calculated and compared by multi-way analysis of variance (α=0.05). Results: The kVp, cortical plate involved (buccal or lingual cortices), and MAR did not influence any diagnostic values (P>0.05). The material of the implant did not influence the ROC curve values(P>0.05). In contrast, the sensitivity and specificity were statistically significantly influenced by the implant material (P<0.05) with Zr implants showing higher sensitivity values and lower specificity values than Ti-Zr implants. Conclusion: The detection of peri-implant dehiscence was not influenced by kVp, use of the MAR tool, or the cortical plate. Greater sensitivity and lower specificity were shown for the detection of peri-implant dehiscence in the presence of a Zr implant.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.604-615
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• 2022

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate cancer-specific survival (CSS) and associated risk factors in elderly gastric cancer (EGC) patients. SUBJECTS/METHODS: EGC patients (≥ 70 yrs) who underwent curative gastrectomy between January 2013 and December 2017 at our hospital were included. Clinicopathologic characteristics and survival data were collected. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to extract the best cutoff point for body mass index (BMI). A Cox proportional hazards model was used to determine the risk factors for CSS. RESULTS: In total, 290 EGC patients were included, with a median age of 74.7 yrs. The median follow-up time was 31 (1-77) mon. The postoperative 1-yr, 3-yr and 5-yr CSS rates were 93.7%, 75.9% and 65.1%, respectively. Univariate analysis revealed risk factors for CSS, including age (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01-1.15), intensive care unit (ICU) admission (HR = 1.73; 95% CI, 1.08-2.79), nutritional risk screening (NRS 2002) score ≥ 5 (HR = 2.33; 95% CI, 1.49-3.75), and preoperative prognostic nutrition index score < 45 (HR = 2.06; 95% CI, 1.27-3.33). The ROC curve showed that the best BMI cutoff value was 20.6 kg/m². Multivariate analysis indicated that a BMI ≤ 20.6 kg/m² (HR = 2.30; 95% CI, 1.36-3.87), ICU admission (HR = 1.97; 95% CI, 1.17-3.30) and TNM stage (stage II: HR = 5.56; 95% CI, 1.59-19.43; stage III: HR = 16.20; 95% CI, 4.99-52.59) were significantly associated with CSS. CONCLUSIONS: Low BMI (≤ 20.6 kg/m²), ICU admission and advanced pathological TNM stages (II and III) are independent risk factors for CSS in EGC patients after curative gastrectomy. Nutrition support, better perioperative management and early diagnosis would be helpful for better survival.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.111-118
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• 2008

In the study a 2 dimensional model test was executed to grasp the effect of the taking load of equipments on the ground when improving a soft ground like dredging reclaimed ground. The static load and the dynamic load in the consolidated model ground was $0.02kg/cm^2,\;0.03kg/cm^2\;and\;0.04kg/cm^2$ respectively. After consolidating far two months by consolidation load of $0.02kg/cm^2,\;0.03kg/cm^2\;and\;0.04kg/cm^2$ respectively, the ultimate bearing capacity was $0.16kg/cm^2,\;0.19kg/cm^2,\;0.24kg/cm^2$ respectively. And the energy price of dynamic load test at the same point as the settlement of static load test indicated $E=336{\sim}945kg{\cdot}cm,\;E=252{\sim}780kg{\cdot}cm\;and\;E=323{\sim}727kg{\cdot}cm$ for each consolidation load. When the static load and the dynamic load operated at the same ground condition, the heaving quantity was bigger in the case of the dynamic load than in the case of the static load, and the horizontal displacement quantity the in the case of dynamic load was exhibited very deficiently compared to the quantity in the case of static load test.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.233-245
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• 2009

The number of subscribers and the level of service usage are moderately low though WiBro service, as a new mobile Internet service, has been provided to mobile Internet users since June 2006. Considering this situation, the study was to identify, in exploratory point of view, which critical success factors are considered by mobile Internet users as the most important one to facilitate WiBro service, and to examine the perception of critical success factors of WiBro service varies according to their demographic characteristics. The study also was to suggest a few of research propositions on the relationships between critical success factors of WiBro service and characteristics of mobile Internet users, based on various statistical analyses. To accomplish these research purposes, the study defined research variables such as demographic characteristic of mobile Internet users, types of user, and critical success factors of WiBro service based on the review of mobile Internet service related studies. And then, the study performed various statistical analyses using survey questionnaires on mobile Internet users. The analyses show that there are little differences in perception on critical success factors of WiBro service among the mobile Internet users grouped by job and residential region, and that only the relationship between occupation of mobile Internet users and critical success factors of WiBro service is moderated by the types of user. Finally, the study proposed some research propositions, based on these analysis results, that could be used in the future studies.

• Journal of Popular Narrative
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.9-43
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• 2019

Web novels are one of the most actively adapted genre novels under a new medium called the Internet. Research on cultural content implemented on top of digital media is naturally closely related to environmental changes in digital media. The same goes for Web novels sparked by the identity of Web platforms. Especially in the case of web novels, the platform itself that provides them has triggered direct changes in genre code and reading patterns. From this perspective, this thesis wanted to examine the formation process and strategic features of web novels, which became content and products on the web platform environment. First of all, through the formation process ranging from communication novels to Internet novels and web novels, I arranged the transition to digital media and the change of genre novel market. This was an attempt to extract that Web novels not only have continuity as genre novels, but also have a turning point as digital content. Web novels are digital content that internalizes the values of the Web 2.0 era. It should also be a core product that grows the pie in the market in its own right. This paper noted that web novels are content that embodies these consumption values. So this thesis considered about what is the visualization and commercialization strategy of the web-based novels that is currently formed, and what is the current status of the web-based romance novels as the content and the product that is driving OSMU most actively in the process of commercialization. Through this process, I found that the greatest characteristic of web novels as genre novels that have evolved into digital content is their division and crack of genre.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.85-95
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• 2022

This study is about the story of 'Saemi', existing in the Sacheon Alluvial fan area. Saemi is a local word for Dumbeong, which is the traditional water irrigation facilities in this area that could be formed according to the geographical characteristics of a Alluvial fan site. In the meantime, although Saemi has been an important source of water, related research has been mainly done from an ecological point of view. Accordingly, the researcher paid attention to the functional aspects of Saemi itself, grasped its location, distribution status, and usage including the construction method, and considered its intrinsic value through classification and characteristic analysis of Saemi. As a result of five field surveys from September 2021 to October 2022, 129 Saemies remained in the Sacheon alluvial fan area. According to the structure and shape, Saemi could be divided into basic type, complex type, and buried type. The basic type was subdivided into bucket-type and stairs-type along with the complex type, and the buried type was subdivided into all buried-type and some buried-type. Saemies were mainly distributed at the distal end of the Sacheon alluvial fan site, individual Saemies were built on farmland, and common Saemies were usually built along roadsides adjacent to villages. The reason why the Saemies are concentrated at the distal end is the geographical characteristics of the alluvial fan where the water underflows. Saemi was an important multifunctional water supply source equivalent to the main water source for people at the distal end of the pond who did not receive a stable supply of water from the reservoir. Saemi was at the center of the underground water irrigation network agricultural system in the Sacheon alluvial fan area according to the principles of 'bbaeim(drop out)' and 'gaepim(pooling)' It has provided a foundation for establishing itself as an appropriate technology in this area. Such Saemi contributed to the rural landscape and agricultural biodiversity through its own system and served as a public interest function. It is necessary to know, conserve, manage, and continuously utilize the value of this Saemi as an agricultural heritage.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.15-25
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• 2023

Recent weather changes have led to an increase in heavy rainfall resulting in frequent large-scale slope failures. To minimize damage to life and property, a measurement system is used in slope failure warning systems. However, understanding the slope failure behavior is difficult as the measurement system only measures a specific point. Therefore, numerical analysis must be p erformed with the measurement system. The soil water characteristic curve (SWCC) drying curve and boundary conditions that consider evapotranspiration and precipitation have been applied to numerical analysis, but the hysteresis of SWCC affects the numerical analysis results. To address this, a new evapotranspiration calculation method is proposed and applied to boundary conditions, and the measurement data are compared with the results of the numerical analysis. This method takes into account the different infiltration behaviors on evapotranspiration according to the drying and wetting curves of the SWCC, and allows for a more rational prediction of water movement on unsaturated slopes.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.29 no.6C
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• pp.251-258
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• 2009

In this study, the optimum design conditions for embankment construction on soft clay layer improved by soil compaction pile (SCP) are discussed by comparing the practical design method to the reliability design which is based on the loss function and advanced first order second moment (AFOSM) method. The results are summarized as follows; 1) the relationship between safety factor and failure probability becomes heavy exponentially, failure probability decreases rapidly till 1% approximately until safety factor is smaller than 1.2 and after then, failure probability decrease gradually along the increase of the safety factor. The design safety factor of 1.2 may be the critical value that has been established on considering both relationships appropriately, 2) the safety factor of 1.15 at the minimum expected total cost is a little smaller than the design safety factor of 1.2 and the failure probability is about 1%, 3) the sensitivities of the ratio of stress share and the internal friction angle of sand is larger than the variables related the undrained shear strength of soft layer. This result means that the distribution characteristic of n and ${\phi}$ influences on the stability analysis considerably and they should be considered necessarily on stability analysis of embankment on soft layer improved by SCP, 4) new failure points of the input variables at the design safety factor of 1.2(below failure probability of 0.1~0.3%) is far 1~2 times of standard deviation from the initial design values of themselves.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.325-334
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• 2019

Director Lee Chang Dong said that it is the most important point for revealing the invisible beauty so that the audience could feel the unseen beauty through the . Discussing about how to find beauty that is not only visible but also invisible through the main character Mi-ja from the film, who makes a decision and reactions on her daily life by her perception that are difficult for others to take same. The film tells that how Mi-ja's ideal of a beauty can be taken the role for writing a poetry at the moment of the dead poet society, making a movie in the age of dying emotion and also when it lost fundamental values and about movie media. This study analyzed the performances of the main character Mi-ja in the film, and actress Yoon Jung Hee based on Director Lee Chang Dong's directed performance. The audience will be self-questioning and reflecting their life through the Mi-ja's an unidentifiable characteristic which something that someone cannot say, something that someone cannot express, something that tells something through Mi-ja's poem and actress herself finds the character's feelings.

• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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• no.29
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• pp.179-202
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• 2010

In addition to the emphasis on filial piety ethics in everyday life, filial piety obtained a further significance in Confucianism which had the strong sense of ancestor worship. This paper focuses on filial piety as a mechanism of continuity within Confucianism and points out that it owed its development to its connection to agricultural culture. The sedentary life with less mobility forged a relative intimacy among people and filial piety was the actual expression of that kind of intimate affection. Yet, filial piety in Confucianism created a unique culture in terms that it not only stipulated material and emotional support for parents but also expected one's piety to the further ancestors through a memorial service and made its connection to the infinite posterity through sons. From the perspective of Confucianism that established filial piety at the turning point from life to death, the self existing in present was not an isolated self anymore. Yet, one can see another characteristic of Confucianism from that filial piety, based on blood bonds, could move beyond paternalism to broaden itself. It could be expanded to the care for strangers. The aged experience and wisdom through agricultural life begot the insight that the nature made its infinite connections with everything through circulation. As a stone thrown in a pond would enlarge its boundary by drawing larger and larger concentric circles, this thought enabled people to enlarge their affection to their parents to universal humanity. In this enlarged network, though it was natural to make distinctions between the closer and the farther, Confucianism sought to overcome it by establishing oneself upright. Confucianism emphasized the moral cultivation with its filial piety concept that contained the diachronic thought penetrating life and death and the broadened perspective relating everything around. In Confucianism, filial piety provided an important medium in forming a moral subject that penetrated life and death and related self and others. Inherent in it is the Confucius thought of continuity that searched for a paragon of a moral human being regardless of time and space.