• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.101-110
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• 2009

In case of general residential house, photovoltaic can be installed at roof, wall, and any other places. But, in case of apartment building, there has not enough roof space to install photovoltaic panels to supply enough electricity. Actually, apartment building roof and facade wall (exclude the balcony window space) is not enough space to produce and supply the electricity to residents by installing PV panel. Generally, the space of facade balcony with windows in facade wall at apartment building occupied about $70{\sim}80%$, in all facade space. So, if we could use the balcony and windows space in facade as PV to generating electricity, there could contribute the energy saying. But, PV cell is opacify. So if it installed at front window area in apartment building, residents may have displeasure for that opacity character. But the other hand, residents are not always in house especially in day time that is exactly good time for generating electricity by PV. If we can use PV at the facade balcony with window without collusion of resident's displeasure, there have good attraction to using sustainable energy. Hence, this study suggests the design of facade balcony window style PV by considering resident's living pattern in apartment building. The methods of this study are as follows. At first, this study surveyed to the residents about residential time in their home and asked user demand by Delphi survey. At second, this study designed balcony open style PV system which oriented to the user demand. At third, this study tests designed result performance by computer simulation that compared design result with old design. As a result, For the purpose of satisfying the resident demand, there designed sliding window style which slide the several door systems to the one side. That would be make balcony absolute open scenery to the residents. Hence, the designed system performance results were as follows. When we compare the small apartment and large apartment, smaller one has good performance than larger one. Because resident's residential time characteristic. And that has more good electronic performance than vertical style that is similar to roof style.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.246-255
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• 2022

This study aimed to identify the influence of caring character and knowledge of COVID-19 on interpersonal caring behavior of clinical nurses. The subjects were nurses working at one tertiary hospital in Seoul and two general hospitals in Gyeonggi province. The data were collected from October 15 to November 5, 2021. A total of 130 nurses participated in the online survey. The collected data were analyzed by performing stepwise multiple linear regression using SPSS/Win 27.0. As a result, the factors affecting the interpersonal caring behavior of clinical nurses were caring character (β=.50, p<.001), age (β=-.24, p=.002), and job satisfaction (β=.16, p=.040), and they explained 36.0% of caring behavior (F=24.49, p<.001). Therefore, it is necessary to improve caring character and job satisfaction to enhance the interpersonal caring behavior of clinical nurses. More efforts of the hospital should be made to provide caring character building education and to increase job satisfaction of clinical nurses.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.15 no.5 s.58
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• pp.157-166
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• 2006

Recently, it appears several counterproposals about desirable figures of urban architecture. All of them proposes 'publicity' with cohernt tendency. The reason why it concentrates quantitative expansion of city without united design by urban plannar is that neglect quality values of city. As a solution of poor environment, there cue out the various efforts, about problem of each building, problem of city space, problem of laws and so forth. The reason why necessity of public space was embossed in that architecture extend the activity of citizen and make up the city space. But, each building pursues the private interest, so it is difficult to secure a public space with a high hand. Thus, architecture law has been revised in 1991 and bring the system of open space to match up the publicity and the private interest. Actually, western country brought it and obtained excellent results. While quantity of open space have increased since 1991, a lot of problems revealed in real usage and quality. By means of problem's solution, this study focus on the diversion of recognition for necessity of various open space. In result, on the occasion of approach and openess, except for several building, most glass a facade and the pedestrian can approach easily. Moreover, office buildings near the subway station connected with their low floor. So, the office buildings give openess to pedestrian and a people can approach easily to the buildings. On the occasion of amenity, most have bank and lobby on the first floor and have facilities on the underground floor. It leave open. But the reason why they have bank and lobby is that the space is dry and boring(without elements of nature and rest space). Hence, to make a space full of vitality, it have to plan various design elements and facilities. First of all, plan of indoor public space have to make up facility for the public interest. This study is basic investigation for necessity of indoor public space and through the survey of office buildings, it analyze the character of plan and find out the method of publicity's realization.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.3 no.5
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• pp.1281-1293
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• 1996

In this paper, we propose a novel recognition model of on-line cursive Korean characters using HMM(Hidden Markov Model) and level building algorithm. The model is constructed as a form of recognition network with HMM for graphemes and Korean combination rules. Though the network is so flexible as to accomodate variability of input patterns, it has a problem of recognition speed caused by 11, 172 search paths. To settle the problem, we modify the level building algorithm to be adapted directly to the Korean combination rules and apply it to the model. The modified algorithm is efficient network search procedure time complexity of which depends on the number of HMMs for each grapheme, not the number of paths in the extensive recognition network. A test with 15, 000 hand written characters shows recognition rat 90% and speed of 0.72 second per character.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.7-22
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• 2014

It is identified that an initial person who built of 'Seoul Gyedong Modernized Hanok(former Min Hyeong-gi house)' used as 'Bukchon Culture Center' in present, was not Min Hyeong-gi, but his wife, Yu Jin-gyeong, and she built it when 8 years went on after his death(1879~1973), and the construction year was at the gate of Chuseok in 1921. Yu Jin-gyeong was Head Family's Eldest Daughter-in-law in family of Yeo Heung-min who was an influential person at the late Joseon Dynasty and was widow who had only son for 3 generations. And she built this house and moved to gain daughter and live futher grandchilds together in law in new nest. It is arranged that an annex surrounds with main building as the central figure. And this house emulates Yeonkeong-dang in backyard of the Changdeok Palace for 'preservation of main building' and Chim-bang-ga-toe applied on a bedroom in a palace is applied around nobleman family's the main room. It is rare case and expresses that a palace factor is borrowed. Yu Jin-gyeong's house is that a tradition Hanok is adjusted closely in city and central and basing mode as 'protective bedding' and building concept as 'a noble and protective architecture' is realized. So it has a character that development of Hangrang architecture is appeared and Head Family's Eldest Daughter-in-law widow of modern upper class had a special benefit. As well as, a meaning that it is experimental house based on tradition and is build of Hanok with housekeeping as the central figure for appear a form which has minimal Hangrang for housekeeping in yangban family of modern city, can be found.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.21-31
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• 2010

In the architectural design technologies being changed recently, there is the study to develop the way that will enable the designers to get access logically to the processes of deciding the values of design factors which depend on the experience of the designers. This study, which is one part of those studies, has been carried out to develop the model that can decide the values logically for the design factors having the character that the design values are changed by the time variation out of design factors involved in the building energy saving design. As a result, the structure of the decision model which can decide the design values logically from the computer simulation that solve the problem by interpreting the real world as the probability distribution, has been established through this study. For the application and verification of these decision model, the case study has been carried out for the outdoor climate factors that stand for the design factors having the time variation.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.35-50
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• 2022

This study examines the design intent and the construction background of the UNESCO House in Korea planned in the 1950s, with a focus on the initial plans of the House by Kuzosa Architects & Engineers in 1959. To this day, the House has been evaluated as a representative example of an office building in the 1960s, and an early case of introducing curtain walls in Korea. However, only its technical characteristics have been explored with less emphasis on further research data. This study attempts to demonstrate the social and cultural expectations and the demands of the construction of the House by examining the documents produced at the time and the initial plan. This study also highlights the fact that the House was the first project of the architect Pai Ki Hyung to realize high-rise reinforced concrete construction in Seoul's dense center. In the 1950s, the House was planned as a modern building with a complex of various cultural facilities and offices due to the character of activities of the Commission, and the lack of public cultural facilities in Korea. The plan of the Kuzosa Architects & Engineers was selected through a design competition held in 1959. The House was completed in 1967, which took about eight years from planning to completion with design modification in the 1960s. The initial plan submitted before the design modification shows that Pai used the vocabulary and logic of modern architecture and planned the House not as a simple office building but as a complex cultural facility.

• Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.73-74
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• 2003

Silkworms construct cocoons that are strong and resilient structure by their masterful behavior. Knowing the essentials of their skill, we could apply them to building many types of objects. In this research we focused on the some properties of silkworm′s spinneret and body position in their cocoon construction process. Silkworm′s spinning process was measured by two Video camera system and then analyzed to find out some appropriate statistical models representing the behavior. Furthermore, we interested in the locus pattern of spinneret based on "8" and "S" character. We modeled this pattern to the Lemniscate′s curve function, and tried to make a design of plane surface.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.111-118
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• 2007

What is CRM(Customer Relationship Management) means that planning, executing, and re-accessing the marketing strategy based on the customer character by analyzing the material related to customers. That is CRM is a strategy of customer service on the base of data. In the case of the telecommunications and a newspaper, there are restricted application of CRM, because they are provided services by paying a given amount of money within a given period of time. This paper develops CRM model(chum prediction model) that can apply to a newspaper. For model-building, real data were used which were collected from one of the major a newspaper company in Korea. Also, this paper verifies the efficient result.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.34
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• pp.140-148
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• 2002

This Study is concerned with the present condition and prospect of architectural stained glass in Korea. Stained glass had been architectural art from the origin. But it had declined since the Renaissance era, and began to revive in the early 20th century. The stained glass inflowed with church architecture occasionally by the western missionaries. And it has been developed actively since 1980' with the boom in church building. There are about 30 studios which are making stained glass in Korea, but very few studio work true architectural stained glass. Stained glass is still treated as simple decoration or 2-dimensional mosaic. Architect and interior designer even have little understanding of architectural character of stained glass.I have considered the problems and prospected architectural stained glass which inspire modern architecture with human sensitivity in Korea.