• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.187-199
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• 2003

We deal with the problem of testing a sequence of independent normal random variables with constant, known or unknown, variance for no change in mean versus alternatives with a single change-point. Various tests based on the likelihood ratio and recursive residuals, score statistics and cusums are studied. Proposed tests are modified version of Buckley's cusum statistics. A comparison study of various change-point test statistics is done by Monte Carlo simulation with S-plus software.

• 한국데이터정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국데이터정보과학회 2005년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.135-138
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• 2005

In this paper, we consider the problem of testing for parameter change in time series models based on a cusum of squares. Although the test procedure is well-established for the mean and variance in time series models, a general parameter case was not discussed in literatures. Therefore, here we develop the cusum of squares type test for parameter change in a more general framework. As an example, we consider the change of the parameters in an RCA(1) model. Simulation results are reported for illustration.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.529-538
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• 1997

Rehabilitation after spinal cord injury(SCI) is complex process involving an array of adaptation to change in both physical and psychological function. It is generally accepted that psychological disorder and change are sificant psychological problem among the patients with spinal cord injury. The psychological problems that they have are depressor, anxiety, and fear etc. This study was designed to know of psychological state of patients with SCI after injury, such as psychological change and adaptation process, and change of needs.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.107-117
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• 2004

Change point testing problem is considered. Kernel density estimators are used for constructing proposed change point test statistics. The proposed method can be used to the hypothesis testing of not only parameter change but also distributional change. Bootstrap method is applied to get the sampling distribution of proposed test statistic. Small sample Monte Carlo Simulation were also conducted in order to show the performance of proposed method.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제26권9호
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• pp.1125-1131
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• 1999

정보자원의 변화에 따라 학습의 유형도 점차 변화되고 있으며 그에 따라서 컴퓨터를 이용하는 학습 형태도 변화할 필요가 있다. 그것은 학생이 중심이 되는 학습형태이며 그 중의 하나가 문제해결학습형태이다. 컴퓨터와 정보통신기술을 이용하는 문제해결능력은 구체적인 수준에서의 컴퓨터 관련 지식과 기술에 대한 체계적인 조직이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 정보소양의 단계를 문제인식, 전략수립, 정보수집, 정보가공, 정보출력, 반성단계로 제시하고 그에 따른 컴퓨터관련 지식과 기술을 조직하여 문제해결능력 신장을 위한 컴퓨터 교육과정의 한 모델을 제시하였다.Abstract Learning styles have got to vary gradually according to the change of information resources. Thus We need to change learning styles with a computer. It's a student-oriented learning types. One of them is called a problem solving learning type. The problem solving ability with a computer and information communication technology require the systematic organization of concrete knowledges and the technology about computer. In this study we found the steps of information literacy as problem cognition, strategies establish, information collection, information processing, information presentation, reflection and proposed a model of computer curriculum to improve the problem solving ability.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.271-283
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to verify the effect of urban agricultural practice on the factors of adolescent problem behavior. The main findings of this study are as follows. First, as a result of measuring quantitative research, urban agricultural practice improves 16.7% of self-worth, reduces 28.1% of depression, and improves 19.4% of sociality, the factors of adolescent problem behavior, and statistical significance is confirmed in all lower measures. Second, as a result of measuring qualitative research, there are overwhelmingly many cases that most items change positively or are maintained in sentence completion test. Third, a positive change of mind in adolescent communication, cognitive and problem- solving abilities, and participation is confirmed through observation of program participation behavior. It is significant for this study to confirm that urban agricultural experiential activity has a positive impact on the factors of adolescent problem behavior, and to verify educational effects and social values of urban agricultural practice including the necessity of development and operation of urban agricultural program to solve youth problems.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.15-40
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• 1994

We designed a knowledge-based decision support system for structuring semi-or unstructured problems. Problem structuring involves extraction of the relevant factors from the identified problem, and model construction that represents the relationships among those factors. In this research, we employed a directed graph called Influence Deiagram as a tool for problem structuring. In particular, our proposed system is designed as a shell. Therefore, a decision maker can change the content of the knowledge base to suit his/her own interested domain.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.167-178
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• 1997

In this paper we present an application to airfoil design of an optimum design method based on optimal control theory. The method used here transforms the design problem by way of a change of variable into an optimal control problem for a distributed system with Neumann boundary control. This results in a set of variational inequalities which is solved by adding a penalty term to the differential equation. This si inturn solved by a finite element method.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.129-150
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• 2012

This study examined difference in the responses of children and therapists depending on children's problem type(internalization or externalization) and the therapists' levels of psychological burnout. Play therapy' cases (March 2010 ~ September 2011) were successfully concluded in more than 36 sessions, which targeting 14 children aged 4~9 who had emotional and behavioral problems and two therapists who consulted with the children. To examine the change in the play therapy stepwise process in this case, the responses in the children and the therapists were examined by dividing the stages of therapy into the early stage, the middle stage, and the late stage. The Results showed that (1) the children's response during the play therapy process were not significant different for both types of children's problems. Moreover, there were no differences with different levels psychological burnout by the therapist. (2) A change in the children's response during the play therapy process was noted in both children who had internalization problem and in those who had externalization problems. Moreover, according to the therapist's levels of psychological burnout, a change in the children's responses was indicated in the play therapy process. (3) The therapist's responses in the play therapy process did not show significant difference according to children's problem type or therapists' levels of psychological burnout. (4) A significant difference was noted in the responses between the therapists experiencing psychological burnout depending on their level.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.89-99
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• 1992

We discussed the change of housing environmental problems from the early 1900s to the present in Study(I). This study(II) which secendly research of study(I) analyzed the fixing precess of a lavatory centering around a excretion which was a serious housing environmental problem in 1920 to 1940. The documentary research method was used for this study. Articles of content analysis(N=185) were published in 1920 to 1990 which were The Deng-A daily news article about a excretion and a lavatory. The main content of this study was examined the change, such as the number of whole article, the column number of article by time series. and the content of article by subject. 1. The number of whole article by time series was collected mainly in1920s-1930s. In 1940s-1960s, one-two column of article was appeared generally and three-four, five column of article was appeared in 1970-1980. 2. Contents of article was divided into two classes, excretion and lavatory. Contents of excretion was 1) a use of fertilizer 2) the method of transportation 3) a cost of gathering 4) a place of disposal 5) the problem of cleaning. Contents of lavatory was 1) a public lavatory 2) a flush toilet 3) a sanitary conditions 3. 1) A use of fertilizer was concentrated in 1920s-1930s, and problems of it was solved more or less by change of management method. Transportation of excretion developed such as \ulcornerGue\ulcorner->a coach of tank style->underground transportation->a dung car of absorption style. Disposal place of excretion was a cause of dissatisfaction in 1920s and it is serious problem Today. A duty of excretion gathering was transfered to a private worker in 1978. The accunulation problem of excretion was continued until 1940s-1950s. The management law of waste matters was proclaimed in 1986. 2) A public lavatory was planned in 1924 for the first time, and it is insufficient in these days, A settlement of public lavatory in building which has upward of 20pyung became obligation in 1973. The problem of water contamination which by poor septic tank was happened in 1970s-1980s.