• ETRI Journal
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.182-192
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• 2009

Rain attenuation and intercell interference are two crucial factors in the performance of broadband wireless access networks such as local multipoint distribution systems (LMDS) operating at frequencies above 20 GHz. Power control can enhance the performance of downlink CDMA-based LMDS systems by reducing intercell interference under clear sky conditions; however, it may damage system performance under rainy conditions. To ensure robust operation under both clear sky and rainy conditions, we propose a novel power-control scheme which applies an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) for downlink CDMA-based LMDS systems. In the proposed system, the rain rate and the number of users are two inputs of the fuzzy inference system, and output is defined as channel quality, which is applied in the power control scheme to adjust the power control region. Moreover, ITU-R P.530 is employed to estimate the rain attenuation. The influence of the rain rate and the number of users on the distance-based power control (DBPC) scheme is included in the simulation model as the training database. Simulation results indicate that the proposed scheme improves the throughput of the DBPC scheme.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.120-126
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• 2008

This study was carried out to investigate the some physicochemical properties of Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) water extract (RGWE) after heated with high temperatures above $100^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours. RGWEs were heated at 100, 110 and $120^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours by using autoclave. After RGWEs were heated at high temperature for 2 hours without not adjustment of pH, the changes of saponin, free sugars, mineral and color in the RGWEs were investigated. Total ginsenoside content in control was 1.99%, while those of RGWE were 1.65, 1.49 and 1.29% when treated at 100, 110 and $120^{\circ}C$, respectively. The contents of total ginsenoside showed decreased tendency as heating temperatures were increased. The ginsenoside-$Rh_{2}$ and $-Rg_{3}$, which have been reported as very stable red ginseng ginsenosides, showed relatively strong spots on TLC when RGWEs were heated at 110 and $120^{\circ}C$. In case of free sugars in RGWEs, fructose, glucose and maltose showed high contents when compared with control, while Fe, Ca and Mg ions showed very low contents. Value of L in RGWE treated with high temperature was almost the same with control, while values of a and b were increased. Values of a were increased from -0.86 of control to +0.04, +0.05 and +1.14 when treated with 100, 110 and $120^{\circ}C$, respectively. Values of b also were increased from 27.68 of control to 33.61, 33.61 and 37.42 when treated with 100, 110 and $120^{\circ}C$, respectively. Values of total color in RGWEs treated with high temperatures, E, were finally increased by values of a and b.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.46-56
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was to evaluate the effects of foot reflexology massage on the central pain, fatigue and sleep in stroke patients. Methods: The study utilized a non-equivalent control group pretest and posttest design. Subjects were contacted at the oriental medicine ward of D hospital in B city for strokes. The subjects were 25 in the experimental group and 23 in the control group. Collected data were analyzed central pain, fatigue and the change of sleep between pre and post foot reflexology massage using a t-test, $x^2-test$, Fisher's exact test by SPSS 12.0 Win program. Results: There were significant decrease in the central pain, fatigue and change of sleep between pre and post foot reflexology massage. Conclusion: The results proved that foot reflexology massage was an effective stroke patients to decrease in the central pain, fatigue and change of sleep. Therefore, this foot reflexology massage should be effective as a stroke patients.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1999년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부 B
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• pp.680-682
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• 1999

This paper presents a design of central monitoring and control system using duplex redundancy modular. Communication protocol used fieldbus and application program for monitoring and control have been developed by CIMON. The performance and convenience of developed system is demonstrated cremation furnace.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1990년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집(국제학술편); KOEX, Seoul; 26-27 Oct. 1990
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• pp.1200-1203
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• 1990

Recently, the CAD/CAM system to automatically design and process are used in almost every industry world. We designed an original digitizer system to digitize a real size car drawing. We succeeded in the development of super large size Laser Digitizer System (LDS) which has input area of 2m by 6m, resolution of 0.1mm and accuracy of .+-.0.5mm. This Laser Digitizer System can use in design of cars, ships, planes and big maps. Also can use in sensing the position of nozzle head of laser processing system, and so on.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.347-351
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• 2008

This study is concerned with the design of the communication based evaluation simulator for the development of the operational control algorithm for PRT(Personal Rapid Transit) system which has very short headway and requires accurate speed control of the vehicles to avoid the impact between the vehicles. The evaluation simulator is composed of central control system, vehicle control system, communication control system, AP for wireless communication, and monitoring system. For the mobile characteristics of the PRT vehicles wireless communication is employed for the transmission of the control and status information between the central control system and the vehicle control system. By using simple test operational control algorithm the effectiveness of the proposed evaluation simulator is shown.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.2045-2050
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• 2008

The Autonomous station control system by applying the concepts of autonomous decentralized system is a system which can solve the problems of the current central control system. The Autonomous station control system tester developed in order to test for Autonomous station control system. The main function of tester is a time-deadline test, a schedule broadcast test, a route control test and a version-up test, etc. In the paper, we build the reliability of the Autonomous station control system by testing the Autonomous station control system tester. Also, the test enable the on-line test without the system interruption and verify the function of the Autonomous station control system developed by applying the concepts of Autonomous decentralized system to the current Central control system.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.2023-2029
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• 2009

The PRT can be divided into In-Track and On-Board according to propulsion method. In process of In-Track, vehicles driven by LIMs(Linear Induction Motor) which are installed in Guideway. Central Controller, which control whole machine, must control speed and direction of all vehicles. In this case, as vehicle increases, Central Controller will overload. If Central Controller fails, all vehicle stops. To avoid this problem, processing of Central Controller must be distributed. This paper introduces method of Distributed Routing. Method of Distributed Routing will provide safety and efficiency for PRT System.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2003년도 추계학술대회 논문집(III)
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• pp.176-182
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• 2003

Subway is working in the construction of station and wayside equipment which was controlled by central and local control operating system for more efficient management. Traffic controlled by functional integration to be interlocked but each part is constructed and operated individually that is not efficient. Therefore, this paper offer to plan of integrating central and local system in one place of each feild. Functional integration plan will help central and local system to link strengthening. This is also offering to integrating central of an officer in command and integrating local of control station and office.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.276-281
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• 1997

This study was investigated to determine whether nicotine causes the morphological changes and expression of heat shock protein(HSP) 70 in the central nervous system of rat embryo. The pregnant rats were injected s.c. twice daily with 3 mg nicotine per 100g body weight from day 0 to 14 of gestation and embryos were removed on gestation day 15. As morphological changes, retardation of cell proliferaton was observed in the telencephalon of nicotine-treated groups and no changes in the other region were found. Minimal HSP 70 was expressed over chole central nervous system was similar between control and nicotine-treated group, the expression of blood cells in the meinges and chroid plexus was significantly greater in nicotine-treated group than in control.