• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.39-51
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to find out the ways to supplement the Census, the digital maps, and their integration in comparison with the U.S. Census and the TIGER file and in light of their usefulness for urban and environmental analysis in Korea. Recommendations in this study are: (1) to include questions on household income and housing price in the Census, (2) to implement a 1~5% sampling survey similar to PUMS in the U.S. Census, (3) to make the Census Tract as a minimum size unit of analysis through subdivision of current Eup, Myon, and Dong into 5~10 smaller units, and (4) to utilize the 1:5,000 scale digital maps completed by the Korea National Geographic Institute for the fast and efficient activation of digital maps instead of producing 1:1,000 or 1:1,200 scale digital maps through each city's effort.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.39 no.5 s.104
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• pp.804-818
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• 2004

As spatial data resources become more abundant, the potential for conflict among them increases. Those conflicts can exist between two or many spatial datasets covering the same area and categories. Therefore, it becomes increasingly important to be able to effectively relate these spatial data sources with others then create new spatial datasets with matching geometry and topology. One extensive spatial dataset is US Census Bureau's TIGER file, which includes census tracts, block groups, and blocks. At present, however, census maps often carry information that conflicts with municipally-maintained detailed spatial information. Therefore, in order to fully utilize census maps and their valuable demographic and economic information, the locational information of the census maps must be reconciled with the more accurate municipally-maintained reference maps and imagery. This paper formulates a conceptual framework and two map models of map conflation to make geometrically and topologically consistent source maps according to the reference maps. The first model is based on the cell model of map in which a map is a cell complex consisting of 0-cells, 1-cells, and 2-cells. The second map model is based on a different set of primitive objects that remain homeomorphic even after map generalization. A new hierarchical based map conflation is also presented to be incorporated with physical, logical, and mathematical boundary and to reduce the complexity and computational load. Map conflation principles with iteration are formulated and census maps are used as a conflation example. They consist of attribute embedding, find meaning node, cartographic 0-cell match, cartographic 1-cell match, and map transformation.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.27-44
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• 1999

Digital maps produced in Korea are various in scale and include a lot of geographic and attribute data. In this study, it is argued that, to reduce the production cost and the difficulties for renewal, it is necessary to establish the already nationally drawn 1:5,000 scale digital maps as the base maps and simplify them as much as the TIGER files in the U.S. The comprehensive data included in the digital maps in Korea are mostly land use information, which are supposed to be established separately from the digital maps. The land use information system could be maintained and updated cheaply and frequently at the local government level. In response to common needs, the land use information could be imported to GIS and used for analyses. As technologies and societies changes, the Census questions and methodologies should be changed for better uses. Along with GIS, the Census would be developed and processed more reliably and efficiently. Also, it is recommended for Korean government to develop the Census Tract and Block Group system. Current Eup, Myon, Dong as basic units for Census information may not be useful or effective for micro level urban analyses and public service planning activities because of their large population and land areas. It is recommended that optimum population of a Census Tract be 5,000 and a Block Groups 1,500, and one Census Tract includes 1~9 Block Groups. It is recommend that Census Tract and Block Group boundary lines be decided flexibly in light of population, physical features, socio-economic attributes, and tradition. For urban analyses using GIS, socio-economic census data, city government's information such as parcel data and building permit data, survey data, and satellite image data could also be used. The existence of Census Tracts and Block Groups as well as GIS could help for the data and methods to be useful for urban analyses and public service provisions.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.31-44
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to show how could GIS along with digital maps and census data be used for scientific urban analysis and location analysis for a proposed project. Results are summarized as follows. First. after digital maps being completed, the census tract system being adopted, and major urban data being inputted in the computer file, GIS could be used intensively for various reliable urban analysis. With graphic statistical, and overlay functions of GIS, various physical and socio-economic characteristics of urban areas could be presented for analysis in the form of thematic and datapoint maps on the computer screen. Second, the locational analysis for a proposed project is a major part in the building permit review process, which tends to become disputable and time consuming as society become pluralized. Along with various GIS functions scientific decision-making methods could be developed, and the methods could play an important role for faster and scientific location analysis. As such, GIS would play an important role for faster and reliable urban analysis and location analysis and these functions finally would play important roles to improve public services and administration of local governments.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.17-28
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• 1993

In order to minimize vectorizing tasks, which require huge reso¬urces and time and to support the census mapping effectively, the geographic information databases structure has been studied. The steps of the new approach are as follows. : Step 1, Scanning the maps of the whole country and storing the image data in raster format. Step 2, Vectorizing the data of specific items for Census operation such as Enume¬ration District, and then linking to attribute data in the text format. Step 3, Designing the database with a Tile and Multi-layer structure to make a continuous map logically. Step 4, Implement Censlls Mapping System(CMS) for efficient mapping and retrieving. As a consequence of this study, the cost, manpower and time effectiveness was proved and it was confirmed to produce lIseful and high-qual ified maps for the Census. In the future, this system wi II be able to provide many organizations and individuals with the various data based on geographical statistical information.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.181-196
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• 2000

본 연구는 센서스와 GIS가 어떻게 연계활용 될 수 있는지, 센서스 자료의 원할한 활용을 위한 전용의 수치지도가 왜 필요하며 그 제작은 어떠하여야 할지, 인구주택센서스 자료들의 발표기본단위가 될 센서스트랙과 블락 그룹이 왜 필요하며 어떻게 결정되어야 할 지에 관한 연구를 수행하였다. 본 연구의 결론에 의하면: 첫째, 센서스와 GIS가 결합됨으로 인하여 센서스의 방법이며 절차가 좀더 명확히 효율적으로 진행될 수 있고, 각종 분석과 표현이 다양해지고 용이해질 수 있으므로 이에 대한 고려와 연구가 요구되며, 둘째, 한국에서 제작되고 있는 각종의 수치지도들은 방대한 정보들을 포함하고 있어 제작기간이 길고 갱신상의 어려움이 존재하므로 센서스만을 위한 간결한 수치지도를 간략히 개편하여 활용하여도 좋다고 보며, 셋째, 센서스자료의 기본발표단위를 현재의 읍, 면, 동 보다 좀더 세분화된 센서스트랙과 블락그룹 등으로 지정하여야 자료의 유용도가 높아질 것으로 본다. 이들 경계선응 현재 인구주택총조사에 쓰이고 있는 조사구의 경계와 근린주구 이론과 아울러 여러 가지 물리적, 사회적, 경제적, 행정적 요소들을 감안하여 결정하는데, 한 개의 센서스트랙에 인구를 4,000명 정도로 하고 블락그룹은 1,500명 정도로 하되, 한 개의 센서스트랙에 1-9개의 블락그룹이 탄력성 있게 포함되도록 하면 좋을 것으로 본다.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.256-267
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• 2017

An active research area in computer vision, stereo matching is aimed at obtaining three-dimensional (3D) information from a stereo image pair captured by a stereo camera. To extract accurate 3D information, a number of studies have examined stereo matching algorithms that employ adaptive support weight. Among them, the adaptive census transform (ACT) algorithm has yielded a relatively strong matching capability. The drawbacks of the ACT, however, are that it produces low matching accuracy at the border of an object and is vulnerable to noise. To mitigate these drawbacks, this paper proposes and analyzes the features of an improved stereo matching algorithm that not only enhances matching accuracy but also is also robust to noise. The proposed algorithm, based on the ACT, adopts the truncated absolute difference and the multiple sparse windows method. The experimental results show that compared to the ACT, the proposed algorithm reduces the average error rate of depth maps on Middlebury dataset images by as much as 2% and that is has a strong robustness to noise.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.614-630
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• 2006

Improved estimates of populations at risk for quick and effective response to natural and man-made disasters require spatial disaggregation of zonal population data because of the spatial mismatch problem in areal units between census and impact zones. This paper implements a dasymetric surface model to facilitate spatial disaggregation of the population of a census block group into populations associated with each constituent pixel and evaluates the performance of the surface-based spatial disaggregation model visually and statistically. The surface-based spatial disaggregation model employed geographic information systems (GIS) to enable dasymetric interpolation to be guided by satellite-derived land use and land cover data as additional information about the geographic distributor of population. In the spatial disaggregation, percent cover based empirical sampling and areal weighting techniques were used to objectively determine dasymetric weights for each grid cell. The dasymetric population surface for the Atlanta metropolitan area was generated by the surface-based spatial disaggregation model. The accuracy of the dasymetric population surface was tested on census counts using the root mean square error (RMSE) and an adjusted RMSE. The errors related to each census track and block group were also visualized by percent error maps. Results indicate that the dasymetric population surface provides high-precision estimates of populations as well as the detailed spatial distribution of population within census block groups. The results also demonstrate that the population surface largely tends to overestimate or underestimate population for both the rural and forested and the urban core areas.

• Korean Journal of Geomatics
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.61-67
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• 2001

This study aims to develop the Extended Urban Land Information System (EULIS) which can support the sustainable urban management. Although the existing Urban Land Use Information system (ULUIS) that aids the micro-level land use information is a good means for the understanding of urban spatial structure and district-level planning and management (such as urban design, redevelopment planning and district-level transportation planning, etc.), it has some limitations in supplying the information for sustainable urban management, such as environmental and traffic analysis, urban infrastructure's carrying capacity analysis, etc. The EULIS is designed to efficiently supply the information for sustainable urban management. For the successful construction of EULIS, the followings have to be considered. 1) the integration of topographic maps which contain the building's footprints and cadastral maps which contain the parcel's boundary, 2) the integration of EULIS and FM (Facility Management) system for the full utilization of information about capacity analysis of infrastructure, 3) the construction of standardized georeferencing system and spatial unit for the combined use of environment and traffic census data. This study shows 1) why EULIS is needed for the sustainable urban management and which elements are needed for the system,2) the E-R data model for the EULIS, 3) the strategies for the construction of EULIS and 4) the conclusion.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.194-200
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• 2020

Cities in Indonesia include diverse scattered industrial centers comprising industries that can sustain the existing economic pace. For industrial data collection, the city government still relies on census that consumes extensive time and money. The public are unfamiliar with industries owing to their lack of industry information; therefore, the market share is not optimal. In addition, the opportunity to procure investors for business development is limited. A Geographic Information System (GIS) is a computer system that can record, store, write, analyze, and display geographical data. Using the Rapid Application Development (RAD) method, GIS was developed on a website platform to provide information on industry profiles, types of production, investment values, industry maps, and industrial locations in each village and sub-district to a wider community. The RAD method was chosen compared to the waterfall method because it could accelerate website development process.