• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.185-193
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• 2016

Purpose of this study is to classify damaged lands according to the cause of the damage and their influences based on characteristic of the damaged lands in DeMilitarized Zone(DMZ) area, and utilize this study as a fundamental study for establishment of ecosystem restoration system. Literature review and field survey have been conducted to review the damage status of DMZ area. For field survey, first year and second year have been conducted, in which type of the damage has been reviewed in this study. In the result, types of damage have been classified into 6 categories: 'alteration of initial landform', 'loss of surface layer', 'land pollution', 'alteration of soil chemical property', 'decline of vegetation', and 'invasion of foreign species'. Restoration for each damage type is as following. First, for alteration of initial landform, the land is restored to the original landform prior to the damage and connection to surrounding ecosystem is considered. Second, for loss of surface layer, lost surface layer is restored or further loss is prevented with stabilization. Third, for land pollution, source of the pollution is eradicated or self-circulation with purification of polluted land is encouraged. Fourth, for alteration of soil chemical property, soil is restored of its original property with eradication of the pollution source and improvement of soil. Fifth, for decline of vegetation, current vegetation and anticipated alteration in future are considered and number of wild species is to be increased based on structure and characteristic of nearby vegetation. Sixth, for invasion of foreign species, prevention of dominance by risky species and facilitation ecological stability with ecological management are to be considered. Influence according to the cause of damage has occurred in secondary(indirect) influence or simultaneous occurrence of several damage types. Considering all these aspects, when type of the damage is complex, restoration process for each of former mentioned 6 damage types with solitary influence should be considered in unison.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.73-84
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 목포 용당지역 호남선 복선화 터널굴착이 인근 국가 지하수관측소의 지하수위에 끼친 영향을 현장조사 및 수치모델링을 통해 분석하였다. 목포용당 관측소에서는 2002년 7월부터 1년사이에 약 5m 이상의 지하수위 강하를 보였다. 현장조사 결과 자연적인 강수량 감소나 지하수 이용량의 증가는 원인이 아닌 것으로 나타났다. 해당 관측소와 이격거리 70m 정도에 있는 호남선철도 목포터널이 주요 원인으로 파악되었는데 터널굴착의 시기도 지하수위 강하 시기와 대체적을 일치하였다. 터널굴착의 국가관측소 지하수위에 대한 영향을 정량적으로 분석하기 위해 지하수 유동모델링을 수행하였다. 특히 주변지역에 대한 수리지질 자료가 국가지하수 관측소의 수위영향을 정량화하였다. 현장조사 및 수치모델링 결과 본 국가지하수 관측소의 상당한 수위강하는 목포터널이 직접적인 원인일 가능성이 크나 엄밀한 평가를 위해서는 인근 지역에 대한 추가적인 수리지질학적 조사가 수행되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.18-34
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• 2020

본 연구는 서울시 동대문 패션산업 집적지의 위기의 원인을 포착하고 해결방향을 모색하기 위해 그 공간적 범위를 획정하고 가치사슬 및 생산네트워크의 형태, 집적지의 공간적 특성을 살펴보았다. 동대문 패션산업 집적지의 공간적 범위는 동대문시장의 확장과 생산 배후지역의 확산을 통해 기존 연구 결과와 달리 동대문시장을 중심으로 서울 동북부지역에 넓게 분포한다고 볼 수 있다. 그리고 동대문 패션산업에서는 임가공방식의 생산방식을 채택하여 가치사슬의 각 단계가 발주업체인 도매업체를 중심으로 분절적으로 연결되어 있다. 각각의 생산네트워크는 방사형 네트워크 형태로, 생산네트워크 간의 경쟁관계와 이를 반영한 생산 과정을 통해 개별 수준의 방사형 네트워크 특성이 전체적으로도 유지된다고 할 수 있다. 이 때문에 동대문 패션산업 집적지는 이를 하나의 전체로서 바라본 기존 연구 결과와 달리 생산네트워크의 형태에 따라 공간적으로 분절되어 있는 분절된 산업집적지라고 볼 수 있다. 최근의 동대문 패션산업 집적지의 위기는 수요 감소라는 외부 충격에 취약한 방사형 네트워크의 위상구조적 문제이자 내재적 문제로 해결 방향도 그에 따라야 할 것이다. 본 연구 결과는 기존 서울시의 동대문 패션산업 연구 의 한계나 오류를 일정 부분 극복함과 동시에 현재 위기를 겪고 있는 산업집적지를 연구대상으로 삼음으로써 산업집적지 연구를 확대시켰다는 데 의의가 있다.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.86-92
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• 2005

Purpose: The main cause of death due to acute organophosphate (OP) poisoning is believed acute respiratory failure caused by cholinergic reactions. Recently, advances in respiratory and intensive care make it possible to maintain the respiratory function of patients with OP poisoning, but the mortality rates remain high. The present study clarified the hemodynamics of patients with acute lethal OP poisoning. The purpose of this study was to analyse the outcomes and predictors of mortality in patients with acute OP poisoning requiring intensive care. Methods: We reviewed medical and intensive care records of patients with acute OP poisoning admitted to emergency department and ICU between March 1998 and Aug 2005. We collected patient information regarding poisoning, clinical, and demographic features. Results: During the study period, 67 subjects treated with intensive care and ventilator management in addition to gastric decontamination standard therapy with atropine and 2-PAM. Of 67 patients, 13 died. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated a steep decline in the cumulative survival to $86.6\%$ during the first week. Mean arterial pressure < 60 mmHg within the first 24 hours was recognized as a poor prognostic indicators among mechanical ventilated patients. Conclusion: Most OP poisoning-related deaths occurred within the first week of poisoning. Mean arterial pressure lower than 60 mmHg might be the best predictor of poor outcome. We speculated that the refractory hypotension is the leading cause of death in patients with lethal OP poisoning that receiving mechanical ventilation and maximal supportive care.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.7-24
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• 2003

Considering on the crisis and dilemma of monumentality in Modern architecture, this study analyse the historic reason of decay and new possibility of monumentality within the context of contemporary socio-cultural context. Historically monumentality has been considered as a main substance of High architecture in e tradition of Western Architecture. Difference between building and architecture mainly lies in monumentality which brings about esthetic quality. Usually architects take it granted that the physical and formal characteristics automatically cause the monumentality, But since the modem period the decline of communicative and representative function of architecture made this belief questionable. As Monumentality itself faced the dilemma with the modernity, ironically architects has to response to the task to handle the increasing social demands of monumental building. This study firstly shows the dilemma of monumentality in depth in case of the holocaust museum. Then we analyse the concept of monumentality itself by means of theoretical view of A. Loos and A Riegl We also analyse the change of role which monumental building played in history. Cultural and social change of context, and fundamental change of architecture old way of building a monument impossible. In conclusion this study proposes the new concept and searches new horizon of monumentality with a finding of the otherness of monumentality. Conventional monumental building language has to give way to new approaches. With some examples we already can find a new possibility.

• 천문학회보
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.39.2-39.2
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• 2013

We use grid-based hydrodynamic simulations to study star formation history in nuclear rings of barred-spiral galaxies. In our previous study, we concentrated on bar-only galaxies without spirals, finding that the star formation rate (SFR) in a nuclear ring exhibits a strong primary burst at early time before decreasing to below 1 $M_{\odot}/yr$ at late time. The rapid decline is caused by the paucity of the gas in the bar region, due to early massive gas inflows to the nuclear ring. Since star formation in nuclear rings is observed to be sustained for about 1-2 Gyr, this requires mechanisms to supply the gas to the bar regions. In this work, we study the effect of spiral arms on the radial gas inflows and related star formation in the nuclear rings. We show that spiral arms are efficient to remove angular momentum of the gas to cause significant gas inflows to the bar region, provided the patten speed of the arms is much smaller than that of the bar. The inflowing gas is added to a nuclear ring, making the ring SFR episodic over a long period of time. The time interval of multiple bursts of star formation is a few tens to hundred million years, with the mean peak SFR of ${\sim}5M_{\odot}/yr$, consistent with observations of M100.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.209-217
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• 2004

Evaluation of dementia in patients with early symptoms of cognitive decline is clinically challenging, but the need for early, accurate diagnosis has become more crucial, since several medication for the treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer' disease are available. Many neurodegenerative diseases produce significant brain function alteration even when structural imaging (CT or MRI) reveal no specific abnormalities. The role of PET and SPECT brain imaging in the initial assessment and differential diagnosis of dementia is beginning to evolve vapidly and growing evidence indicates that appropriate incorporation of PET into the clinical work up can improve diagnostic and prognostic accuracy with respect to Alzheimer's disease, the most common cause of dementia in the geriatric population. in the fast few years, studios comparing neuropathologic examination with PET have established reliable and consistent accuracy for diagnostic evaluations using PET - accuracies substantially exceeding those of comparable studies of diagnostic value of SPECT or of both modalities assessed side by side, or of clinical evaluations done without nuclear imaging. This review deals the role of functional brain imaging techniques in the evaluation of dementias and the role of nuclear neuroimaging in the early detection and diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2019

This study is to derive the types of displacement and damage that occur in wooden architecture cultural assets. Although the wooden architectural cultural assets are being repaired through continuous maintenance, secondary problems frequently occur. This is because the root cause of the problem has yet to be solved. The types of displacement and damage that occur in the wooden architecture cultural asset are classified into three parts: the foundation section, the gagu section, and the roof section. In turn, the three main factors that lead to displacement and damages are the structures' load impact, the durability deterioration, and the imbalance. Load impact is a phenomenon in which the member is subjected to a load that causes deformation or cracks. Durability decline is a natural phenomenon that reduces the performance of lumber as a result of check shake, termite damage, and decay. The imbalance is a condition in which the lumber is twisted and the force balance is lost, due to either drying shrinkage or displacement of the gagu section.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.79-86
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• 2020

The number of business closure is one of key indicators diagnosing the status of local economy. The increases in closure are attributed to various endogenous/exogenous factors such as decreases in sales of stores, decline of local market, deterioration of global financial condition, but it is not trivial task to figure out the cause and effect mechanism among variables. The effects of those factors are expected to show geographical variations, which the empirical analysis results in this study presented. As such, the objective of this study is to estimate the effects of variables on increase in the number of business closure and examine the distributional properties of the geographic variations of the effects among spatial units of analysis. To this end, GWR (Geographically Weighted Regression) model was utilized to draw empirical analysis outcomes. It is expected that the outcomes of the sort in this research may be useful in aiding decision-making process of drafting locality-specific policies and/or deciding where to prioritize the limited public resources available.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.472-479
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• 2013

We carried out research into an environmentally friendly injection molding process that involves filling the mold with polymer after thin films are fixed into the cavity, without the coating, plating process. Film insert injection molding is a new technique in which molten plastic resin is injected into the cavity after films are precisely attached to the side of the mold wall. In the film insert injection molding process, the insert film is moved by the flow of the molten plastic resin. Overlap defects cause a decline in the productivity and the quality of the manufactured goods. To reduce overlap defects, new injection mold parts are proposed to produce automotive exterior parts using thin films. It is suggested that the best possible method would be to fix the thin films to one side of the mold wall, and develop interior pins to fix the films in the mold. Based on this new pin fixing system, the problem of the film being moved by the flow of the molten resin was improved.