• 한국동물위생학회지
• /
• 제32권2호
• /
• pp.171-176
• /
• 2009

Johne's disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease of cattle, sheep, goats and other ruminants, and Mycobacterium paratuberculosis is the etiologic agent of this disease. Many studies have been carried out on paratuberculosis from daily cattle and Korean native cattle in multiple areas around nation, but there is no report in Eastern-Gyeongbuk area. The purpose of this study is to investigate the seroprevalence of bovine paratuberculosis in Eastern-Gyeongbuk area. From July to December in 2007, blood samples were collected from 363 dairy cattle of 27 farms and 281 Korean cattle of 114 farms and the ELISA was conducted. 25 (6.9%) dairy cattle of 6 (22%) farms and 19 (6.8%) Korean cattle of 8 (7.0%) farms were positive in ELISA. In regional analysis, 25 (8.3%) out of 300 dairy cattle in Gyeungju were positive and Pohang were negative in this research. 12 (16.4%) out of 73 Korean cattle in Gyeungju and 7 (9.6%) out of 73 Korean cattle in Uljin were positive. Pohang and Youngdeok of Korean cattle were negative in this research. According to raising scale of dairy cattle, 4 (66.7%) farms out of 6 farms were raising 30 below and 2 (33.3%) farms out of were raising 30$\sim$70. And there were negative raising scale more than 70. In Korean cattle, 6 (75%) farms out of 8 were raising below 10 and 2 (25%) farms were raising 10$\sim$30. And there were negative raising scale more than 30. The rate of seropositive of paratuberculosis dairy cattle and Korean cattle were similar and the positive rate of Eastern-Gyeongbuk area is reported lower than that of any other region.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제41권4호
• /
• pp.557-563
• /
• 2001

A field survey of fascioliasis of Korean native cattle raising and raised in specialized commercial breeding farms and local farms in Kangwon province using both intradermal test and sedimentation technique for feces was carried out from November to December, 1996. Fecal samples were taken from fascioliasis positive cattle by the intradermal test for the fecal examination. Liver tissues were randomly collected from an abattoir for histopathological examination of liver fluke infection in cattle. The results are as follows. 1. By the intradermal test for a total of 211 cattle raising in both Wonju and Wheongsung, Kangwon province, 60 heads(28.4%) showed positive reaction. Among 60 positive cattle, eggs of Fasciola hepatica were found from 51 heads(85.0%) by sedimentation technique. 2. According to the cattle raising areas, the positive rates by the intradermal test were 26.7%(20 out of 75 heads) in Wonju and 29.4%(40 out of 136 heads) in Wheongsung. 3. According to the age of cattle examined, the positive rates by the intradermal test in 1~3, 4~6 and 7~10 years old were 11.7%(7 out of 100 heads), 68.3%(41 out of 93 heads) and 20.0%(12 out of 18 heads), respectively. 4. The overall infection rates of fluke larvae from the slaughtered cattle at an abattoir in Wonju was 24.7%(37 out of 150 heads). In histopathology, liver lesions were observed such as inflammation with infiltration of eosinophils, polymorphonuclear cells, mononuclear cells and multinucleated giant cells, proliferation of connective tissues, calcification and abscess formation.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
• /
• 제27권4호
• /
• pp.891-906
• /
• 2016

This study examined the working site environment of Korean native cattle raising farmers and their actual condition of wearing personal protective equipment as part of preventing disasters during agricultural work. To this end, 160 Korean cattle raising farmers were surveyed and a site visit was performed on 10 farms. According to an examination of the cattle breeding environment, the major harmful factors were in the following order: fine dust (12.8%), organic feed dust (10.3%), contact with cattle (9.7%), manure (8.2%), germs and viruses (8.1%), harmful gases (7.4), contact with obstacles (6.7), and temperature (6.6%). The current status of the rate of wearing protection was in the order of gloves (20.9%), working hats (19.7%), boots (19.6%), masks (10.9%), protective clothing (8.9%), and specialized working clothing (6.6%). Nevertheless, most Korean cattle raising farmers recognized the risks when they did not wear protective equipment and the need for wearing protectors, but they mostly did not wear personal protective equipment due to a lack of knowledge on the selection of appropriate personal protective equipment and the discomfort they experience when they put on protectors. Even when they put on protective equipment, 38% was inappropriate for the farming work environment. Given the research results, improvements on and the development of specialized working clothing and personal protective equipment to protect farmers from harmful and dangerous materials from the cattle nurturing environment is necessary. Overall, based on the study data, objectified data collection, a determination of the necessary performance elements of personal protective equipment, and R&D will be needed through an on-site current status investigation.

• Animal Bioscience
• /
• 제35권1호
• /
• pp.29-38
• /
• 2022

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the feeding value, meat nutrients and associative effects of a diet comprised of various corn silages inclusion with peanut vine or wheat straw in finishing beef cattle. Methods: One hundred and eighty Simmental crossbred beef steers were blocked and assigned to the follow treatments: i) whole plant corn silage-based diet (control, WPCS), ii) mixed forages-based diet (replacing a portion of corn silage with wheat straw, WPCSW), iii) corn stalklage-based diet (CS), and iv) sweet corn stalklage-based diet (SCS). Each group consisted of 5 repeated pens with 9 steers/pen. The diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous and isoenergetic with same forage to concentrate ratio. Experimental diets were fed for 90 d. Results: The effective ruminal degradability of dry matter and crude protein were highest for WPCS diet (p<0.05), for neutral detergent fiber was highest in SCS diet (p<0.05). The average daily gain was greater for cattle offered the WPCS diet, intermediate with WPCSW and SCS and lowest with CS (p<0.001). The concentration of non-esterified fatty acid in serum was higher for steers fed with CS and SCS diets than those offered WPCS and WPCSW steers (p<0.001). The treatments did not affect the general nutritional contents and amino acids composition of Longissimus dorsi of steers (p>0.05). Conclusion: The corn silage-based diet exhibited the highest feeding value. The sweet corn stalklage and wheat straw as an alternative to corn silage offered to beef cattle had limited influence on feeding value and meat nutrients. However, the value of a corn stalklage-based diet was relatively poor. To sum up, when the high quality forage resources, such as corn silage, are in short supply, or the growth rate of beef cattle decreases in the later finishing period, the sweet stalklage and wheat straw could be used as a cheaper alternative in feedlot cattle diet without sharp reducing economic benefits.

• 한국환경농학회지
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.54-58
• /
• 1998

축산폐기물을 산업에서 발생하는 무기계 ALC폐기물을 이용하여 발효된 퇴비의 효과를 벼 재배논에서 검토하고 유기농법과 관련하여 논오리 사육에 의한 쌀 품질 및 수량에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. ALC이용 축분발효퇴비 10a당 2,000kg 시용하였을 때 쌀 수량은 468kg/10a로서 표준비(화학비료)대비 2.9% 정도 감수되었으며 ALC이용 퇴비 1,000kg + 오리방사 처리구에서도 4.1% 감수된 근소한 수량차이를 보여 신유기질비료로서 그 효과가 인정되었다. 2. 쌀의 품질은 처리가 큰 차이는 없었으나 ALC이용 퇴비 $1,500{\sim}2,000kg$ 시용구에서 완전미 비율이 다소 높았고 심복백도 적어 외형미질이 양호하였으며 Mg/K 비율은 ALC이용 퇴비 1,000kg + 오리방사구에서 0.26으로 가장 높았으며 ALC이용 퇴비 1,500${\sim}$2,000kg시용에서도 $0.23{\sim}0.24$로 높은 경향으로 미질개선 효과가 기대되었다. 3. 아밀로그램 특성에서도 ALC 이용 퇴비 1,000㎏ + 오리방사, 1,500kg, 2,000kg 시용시 최고, 최저 점도가 높고 응집성이 낮아 미립 물리성이 양호하였다. 4. 오리방사에 의한 잡초방제효과는 93%로서 제초제 처리구와 대동소이하여 제초제를 사용치 않고 오리사육에 의해 잡초방제가 가능하였으며, 오리수확후 증체량이 마리당 1,159g으로서 유기물공급원 및 잡초방제효과 뿐만 아니라 농가소득원으로서도 그 가치가 있었다.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.179-197
• /
• 1980

A survey was made from March 1978 through Feb. 1979 to know infection rate of parasites and incidence of diseases in 1968 cattle of 240 rearing and fattening cattle herds (1746 Korean native cattle, 186 Holstein, 34 Charolais and 2 Hereford) raising in 28 cities and counties of Gyeongbug district. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. The rate of nematoda infection was about 49.0% in the examined cattle. These nematodes were identified as Mecistocirrus sp., Oesophagostomum sp., Bunostomum sp., Trichostrongylus spp., Strongyloides sp. and other 3 species. Infection rate of nematoda in fattening and breeding cattle was higher than that in rearing calves, 44.3% of the positive cattle were infected with 2 to 5 species, and incidence of mixed infection was high in fattening cattle. 2. The rate of coccidal infection was 10.9%. Eimeria $z{\ddot{u}}rni$, Eimeria bovis and Eimeria bukidnonensis were mainly found in the examined cattle. The infection rates of cocidia in Holstein, breeding Korean cows, rearing Korean calves and fattening Korean cattle were 27.3%, 15.8%, 11.2% and 9.1%, respectively. 3. The rate of trematoda was 14.6% with Fasciola spp. (11.2%), Eurytrema spp. (2.0%), and Paramphistomum spp. infections (1.4%). Breeding Korean cows, fattening Korean cattle, Holstein and rearing Korean calves indicated 47.4%, 26.4%, 18.2% and 6.3% incidence of trematoda infections, respectively. of trematoda positive cattle, 76.6% were infected with Fasciola spp., 4. The rate of Theileria and Babesia infection was 62.7% in the examined cattle. Of these positive cattle 5.4% were infected with both parasites, 57.3% with Theileria, and 1.3% of rearing Korean calves and 22.6% of Holstein were found to have parasitized erythrocytes over 1.0%. 5. The incidence of diseases in 1968 cattle of 240 herds was 564 cattle (28.7%) of 154 herds (64.2%). of the diseases observed of skin occurred in 354 cattle (18.0%) of 61 herds (25.4%), diseases of respiratory system in 121 cattle (6.1%) of 34 herds (14.2%), diseases of digestive system in 38 cattle (1.9%) of 22 herds (9.2%), diseases of eye in 21 cattle (1.1%) of 13 herds (5.4%), diseases of urogenital system in 8 cattle (0.4%) of 8 herds (3.3%) and the other diseases in 24 cattle (1.2%) of 22 herds (9.2%). 6. Diseases of skin in 1968 cattle of 240 herds werds were observed in the highest incidence. Ringworm was observed in 13.3% of the examined herds, rearing Korean calves and Holstein showed high incidence. Scabies caused by Chorioptes bovis and alopecia localis along with infestation of lice (Damalinia bovis, Linognathus vituli) were observed in fattening Korean cattlein winter. 7. Diseases of respiratory system occurred frequently in rearing Korean cattle and Holstein. In the diseases of digestive system acute indigestion occurred in fattening Korean cittle, enteritis in rearing Korean calves and Holstein, and coccidiosis in rearing Korean calves maninly. 8. Infectious keratoconjunctivitis occurred in a fattening Korean cattle herd, sterility (2.0%) in breeding Korean cows, and theileriosis in Holstein calves were also occurred. In addition, poisoning and heat stroke were observed in several cattle.

• 한국동물위생학회지
• /
• 제41권3호
• /
• pp.185-190
• /
• 2018

This survey was carried out to investigate the seroprevalence of Neospora caninum in Korean indigenous cattle that was raised in the southern area of Gyenongbuk and Ulleung-gun. A total of 3,162 cattle from 984 farms were tested for the presence of antibodies against N. caninum using a commercial ELISA (IDEXX Switzerland AG, Liebefeld-bern) test kit. The Seropositive ratio of cattle was 1.38% (40/2,901), 0.77% (2/261) in the southern area of Gyeongbuk and Ulleung-gun, respectively. Regional seropositive rates of farms were 5.31% (11/207), 3.45% (4/116), 1.48% (2/135), 2.13% (2/94), 2.78% (3/108), 3.91% (95/128), 4.17% (4/96), 4.35% (3/69), 6.45% (2/31) at Gumi, Yeongcheon, Gyeongsan, Gunwi, Chengdo, Goryeong, Senogju, Chilgor and Ulleung-gun, respectively. A herd of cattle under 4 years old was 1.4% (28 heads), and above the age of 5 years was 1.1% (14 heads). and in seroprevalenec cattles by herd size farms raising under 100 heads were 39 heads.

• 한국지역지리학회지
• /
• 제15권6호
• /
• pp.707-719
• /
• 2009

아메리카원주민들과 유럽인들의 환경파괴와 관련하여, 다양한 분야의 학자들 사이에서 논쟁이 끊이지 않고 있다. 아메리카원주민들의 자연친화적인 사고를 높이 사는 저술들도 있는 반면, 원주민들의 환경훼손이 결코 적지 않았다고 주장하는 논문들도 있다. 또한 유럽인들의 목축활동으로 인한 환경파괴가 심했다고 주장하는 측과 이목방식을 사용했기 때문에 환경에 미친 영향이 생각보다 적었다고 주장하는 측이 팽팽하게 맞서있다. 최근 생태 복원의 필요성이 강조되면서 본 논문의 주제와 비슷한 유의 논쟁이 전세계 여러 곳에서 활발히 진행되고 있다. 복원의 이상적인 목표점을 찾고자 인간과 자연이 자연스럽게 조화를 이뤘던 시점과 모습을 확인하려 한다면, 관련 정보들이 고환경 연구분야에서 다양하고 폭넓게 생산되어야 할 것이다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제21권11호
• /
• pp.833-842
• /
• 2020

본 연구의 목적은 국립축산과학원에서 개발한 한우 사육기간 단축기술의 경제성을 분석하여 기술보급확산을 위한 타당성을 제공하는 것이다. 한우 사육기간 단축기술은 한우 사육농가의 사료비가 경영비에서 차지하는 비중이 점점 커지고 있다는 문제점을 해결하고자 거세 한우를 대상으로 비육기간을 관행보다 단축시키면서도 육성기 고영양 사양을 통해 품질은 유지키시는 기술이다. 분석방법은 부분예산법(Partial budget analysis)을 적용하였다. 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 실증농가는 기술도입 전에 29개월 미만으로 출하한 성적이 0%였으나, 도입 3년차에 51.2%로, 도입 6년차에는 63.6%로 증가하였다. 둘째, 출하월령과 도체중의 연차별 성적에 대해 분산분석을 수행한 결과, 출하월령에 유의수준 0.01을 기준으로 차이가 있다는 결과를 얻었다. 또한, 도체중에서도 유의수준 0.05를 기준으로 도체중이 증가하였음을 확인할 수 있었다. 셋째, 사육기간 단축기술을 부분예산법으로 경제성을 평가한 결과, 자가 TMR 제조·급여 효과와 2개월 기단 단축효과를 합하면 최대 467,990원/두/회 수익이 발생한다는 결과를 얻었다. 본 결과는 기술보급사업에서 해당 기술이 우선적으로 보급될 수 있도록 강력한 근거자료로 활용될 수 있다. 향후 본 기술의 더 많은 보급 확대를 위해서는 시범사업 추진 이후 참여 농가와 미참여 농가를 대상으로 문제점과 한계점, 도입에 대한 장애요인 등을 추가적으로 밝혀야 할 것이다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
• /
• 제31권1호
• /
• pp.79-86
• /
• 2008

In this study two stage investigation was used for seroprevalence of Neospora caninum in cattle between January, 2005 and November, 2007; first stage was to examine positiveness of the farms selected randomly, second was to test all individual cow in positive farms. A total of 850 sera were collected from 170 farms for the first stage, and positive rate of farm and head were 23.5% (40/170farms) and 7.5% (64/850heads), respectively. Seroprevalence of Holstein cattle was much higher than that of Hanwoo. In second stage positive rate of cow was 18.9% (246/1,303head), but seroprevalence of farm was very variable (1 - 90.5%). It was supposed that 3 farms with high positive rate had some risk factors to be infected; raising dogs in the same farm, location of hill-side where is easy to contact with wild animals.