• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.303-313
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• 1996

The major purpose of this thesis is to construct the evaluating framework of a science textbook with a high confidence and universal validity, referring to a preceeding study and materials involved in research work, and in consideration of the educational conditions of the secondary school. The framework developed in this study are composed of 7 categories: content, organization, representation, laboratory, illustrations, external form or editing system, and supplementary materials. Each category consists of detailed items. Eech item in the check-list is to be given between one and five points, and the total number of possible points in this evaluating framework is 290. As a result, these evaluating items enable quantitative analyses, afford an opportunity which we can look into many-sidedly the respects we should consider when a science textbook is adopted, and they can be estimated partly or synthetically as occasional demands. This study is exepected to contribute to choose a good science textbook as fundamental data in the future, and to help the lasting study or estimation of the textbook.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.28-42
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• 2006

In present modern society, media contributes more to the constructing of personal identities than any other medium. Music video, a postmodernism branch among a variety of media, offers a complex experience of sounds combined with visual images. In particular. fashion in music video helps conveying contexts effectively and functions as a medium of immediate communication by visual effect. Considering the socio-cultural effects of music video. gender identity represented in fashion in it can be of great importance. Therefore, this study is geared to the reconsidering of gender identity represented through costumes in music video by analyzing fashions in it. Gender identity in socio-cultural category is classified as masculinity, femininity, and the third sex. By examining fashions based on the classification. this study will help to create new design concepts and to understand gender identity in fashion. The results of this study are as follows: First. masculinity in music video fashion was categorized into stereotyped masculinity, sexual masculinity. and metro sexual masculinity. Second, femininity in music video fashion was categorized into stereotyped femininity. sexual femininity, and contra sexual femininity. Third, the third sex in music video fashion was categorized into transvestism, masculinization of female, and feminization of male. This phenomenon is presented into music videos through females in male attire and males in female attire. Through this research, gender identity represented in fashion of music video was demonstrated, and the importance of the relationship between representation of identity through fashion and socio-cultural environment was reconfirmed.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.47-55
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• 2001

In affective space model for the faces of Korean women in twenties was developed based on the findings of Park, et. at. (2001) that suggested two orthogonal dimensions for the affective representation of a face. babyish-mature and sharp-soft. In the current study, affective facial characteristics were visualized by providing properly synthesized faces at 17 subregions of the model space Effect of physical attributes of a face on its affective evaluation was also investigated along the two affective dimensions. The relationship between typical adjectives describing facial affectiveness anti physical attributes of a face was examined to provide a category-based interpretation.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2012

The comic study which has been developed since the Eighteen century, is a subjective sense of the aesthetic concept and the aesthetics of comic is defined as a philosophy. The comic is opposite of the sublime or a superset of humor. This study investigated the aesthetics of comic and a popular graphic-print design on T-shirts. The research are the comic perspective on the aesthetic, expressive characteristics of the print design on T-shirt. And this study investigate literature and internet sites to extract data from the case studies. The aesthetic concept of the comic as an aesthetic category is defined as this study could inquire the comic cases expressed in t-shirts and graphic-prints on the emergence of historical change were discussed. Accordingly the three distinctions characterized as the parody, the optical illusion, the and the internet neologism. In conclusion, the aesthetic value graphic-prints on T-shirts appeared in the comic representation of the graphic-design of playfulness, extraordinariness, anti-nature, reflects popular culture is identified as.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.6009-6027
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• 2019

Support vector machine (SVM) classifiers have been widely used for object detection. These methods usually locate the object by finding the region with maximal score in an image. With bag-of-features representation, the SVM score of an image region can be written as the sum of its inside feature-weights. As a result, the searching process can be executed efficiently by using strategies such as branch-and-bound. However, the feature-weight derived by optimizing region classification cannot really reveal the category knowledge of a feature-point, which could cause bad localization. In this paper, we represent a region in an image by a collection of local feature-points and determine the object by the region with the maximum posterior probability of belonging to the object class. Based on the Bayes' theorem and Naive-Bayes assumptions, the posterior probability is reformulated as the sum of feature-scores. The feature-score is manifested in the form of the logarithm of a probability ratio. Instead of estimating the numerator and denominator probabilities separately, we readily employ the density ratio estimation techniques directly, and overcome the above limitation. Experiments on a car dataset and PASCAL VOC 2007 dataset validated the effectiveness of our method compared to the baselines. In addition, the performance can be further improved by taking advantage of the recently developed deep convolutional neural network features.

• Language and Information
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.39-55
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• 2001

This paper investigates the idiosyncratic understanding of universal quantifiers such as every, each or all by young children at the ages of 4 to 7, and argues that the phenomenon is explicable in terms of the maturation of both the cognitive system and the linguistic system. Evidence for this dual explanation comes from the fact that the visual input, a picture, plays a key role in determining the children's conceptual representation, suggesting the need for the central integration of visual and linguistic elements; and from the fact that a quantifier in the linguistic input has an intrinsic property, i.e. a <+focus> feature. I have tried to explain the nature of the cognitive factors in terms of the function of the central system, suggesting a modified form of Smith & Tsimpli's (1995) yersion of Fodor's (1983) modularity hypothesis. The categorial status of the quantifier in the children's interpretation is considered, focusing on the movement of that quantifier out of its own extended projection to FP. It is claimed that children initially treat quantifiers as modifiers, rather than functional heads, and that the phenomenon of quantifier spreading by children can be attributed to delay in the development of the relevant functional category, i.e., DP (or QP), in language acquisition.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.150-161
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• 2008

It requires more close cooperation process and mediator for smooth communication in this industry structure where design and engineers are separated. The database of design integrates separate system and helps connection between organizations. The application category is utilized variously from formation to operation. Architectures addressed in this content as Frank Gehry and Nox are making differentiated design on the base of 3d digital methodology and using it widely from generation to fabrication. Especially they got to be free from the generative limit as it became available to analyse, digital surface organization, and realize the complex system form. Now more integrated and delicate works got to be affordable owing to various kinds of improved CNC, RP(rapid-prototype) machines, and architecture hardwares. With a linkage of software now at their disposal, architects can create a digital model of a building and all of its design elements, and in turn use this 3d information to construct actual building components using machines driven by CNC and other advanced manufacturing techniques. Digital technologies are enabling a direct correlation between what design and construction, thus bringing to the forefront the issue of the significance of information, the production, communication, application, and control of digital information in the industrial system. The central requirement is the clear, reliable, and consistent exchange of information among all parties involved in creating a given project.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2017.10a
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• pp.316-317
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• 2017

Augmented reality is a technology that combines the virtual world based on the real world. This technique requires POI data to recognize the marker and identify the marker. POI data can be easily registered and used by anyone, and there is a need to provide a standard for accessing POI data because a large amount of data is accumulated in the existing augmented reality platform. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a category composition method for POI data integration using ontology which is a paradigm of providing relationship and information sharing. It consists of a combination of the POI core of W3C and OWL, which is the expression language of the ontology.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.118-126
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• 2003

In data mining, having access to large amount of data sets for the purpose of predictive data does not guarantee good method, even where the size of Real data is Mobile commerce unlimited. In addition to searching expected Goods objects for Users, it becomes necessary to develop a recommendation service based on XML. In this paper, we design the optimized XML Recommender product data. Efficient XML data preprocessing is required, include of formatting, structural, and attribute representation with dependent on User Profile Information. Our goal is to find a relationship among user interested products from E-Commerce and M-Commerce to XDB. Firstly, analyzing user profiles information. In the result creating clusters with analyzed user profile such as with set of sex, age, job. Secondly, it is clustering XML data which are associative products classify from user profile in shopping mall. Thirdly, after composing categories and goods data in which associative objects exist from the first clustering, it represent categories and goods in shopping mall and optimized clustering XML data which are personalized products. The proposed personalized user profile clustering method has been designed and simulated to demonstrate it's efficient.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.84-96
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• 2021

Certainly, the success of the Unified Modeling Language (UML) as the de facto standard for modeling software systems does not imply closing the door on scientific exploration or experimentation with modeling in the field. Continuing studies in this area can produce theoretical results that strengthen UML as the leading modeling language. Recently, a new modeling technique has been proposed called thinging machine (TM) modeling. This paper utilizes TM to further understand UML, with two objectives: (a) Fine issues in UML are studied, including theoretical notions such as events, objects, actions, activities, etc. Specifically, TM can be used to solve problems related to internal cross-diagram integration. (b) TM applies a different method of conceptualization, including building a model on one-category ontology in contrast to the object-oriented paradigm. The long-term objective of this study is to explore the possibility of TM complementing certain aspects in the UML methodology to develop and design software systems. Accordingly, we alternate between UML and TM modeling. A sample UML model is redesigned in TM, and then UML diagrams are extracted from TM. The results clarify many notions in both models. Particularly, the TM behavioral specification seems to be applicable in UML.