• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• v.62 no.2
• /
• pp.209-224
• /
• 2017

Elevated water tanks are considered as important structures due to its post-earthquake requirements. Elevated water tank on reinforced concrete frame staging is widely used in India. Different response reduction factors depending on ductility of frame members are used in seismic design of frame staging. The study on appropriateness of response reduction factor for reinforced concrete tank staging is sparse in literature. In the present paper a systematic study on estimation of key components of response reduction factors is presented. By considering the various combinations of tank capacity, height of staging, seismic design level and design response reduction factors, forty-eight analytical models are developed and designed using relevant Indian codes. The minimum specified design cross section of column as per Indian code is found to be sufficient to accommodate the design steel. The strength factor and ductility factor are estimated using results of nonlinear static pushover analysis. It was observed that for seismic design category 'high' the strength factor has lesser contribution than ductility factor, whereas, opposite trend is observed for seismic design category 'low'. Further, the effects of staging height and tank capacity on strength and ductility factors for two different seismic design categories are studied. For both seismic design categories, the response reduction factors obtained from the nonlinear static analysis is higher than the code specified response reduction factors. The minimum dimension restriction of column is observed as key parameter in achieving the desired performance of the elevated water tank on frame staging.

• The Pure and Applied Mathematics
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.9-17
• /
• 2002

In this Paper, we will show that every basically disconnected space is a projective object in the category $Tych_{\sigma}$ of Tychonoff spaces and $_{\sigma}Z^{#}$ -irreducible maps and that if X is a space such that ${\Beta} {\Lambda} X={\Lambda} {\Beta} X$, then X has a projective cover in $Tych_{\sigma}$. Moreover, observing that for any weakly Linde1of space, ${\Lambda} X : {\Lambda} X\;{\longrightarrow}\;X$ is $_{\sigma}Z^{#}$-irreducible, we will show that the projective objects in $wLind_{\sigma}$/ of weakly Lindelof spaces and $_{\sigma}Z^{#}$-irreducible maps are precisely the basically disconnected spaces.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.71-79
• /
• 1991

The experiment was conducted to investigate accumulation o( phosphate in tobacco production area. The results are as follows: 1) The content of available P in burley production area was about 200ppm higher than that in flue-cured tobacco production area, the available P content of 20% tobacco fields surveyed was above 1000ppm P. 2) Tobacco fields having 200ppm of available P which were grouped as medium category for phosphate recommendation were more than 90% out of tobacco fields surveyed. 3) Total phosphate content was above 4000ppm in 42.5% burley tobacco fields before transplanting, and 2000~3000ppm in about 40% flue-cured tobacco fields. 4) Phosphate fractions in soil increased in order of Al-P > Fe-P > Ca-p, and their content was about 50% of total phosphate in tobacco fields surveyed. 5) pH value in most of tobacco fields surveyed ranged from 4.5 to 5.0 and, field soils with pH value below 5.5 were 64 %.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
• /
• v.6 no.11S
• /
• pp.3399-3409
• /
• 1999

Information filtering for internet search, in which new information retrieval environment is given, is different from traditional methods such as bibliography information filtering, news-group and E-mail filtering. Therefore, we cannot expect high performance from the traditional information filtering models when they are applied to the new environment. To solve this problem, we inspect the characteristics of the new filtering environment, and propose a semantic-based filtering model which includes a new filtering method using WordNet. For extracting keywords from documents, this model uses the SDCC(Semantic Distance for Common Category) algorithm instead of the TF/IDF method usually used by traditional methods. The world sense ambiguation problem, which is one of causes dropping efficiency of internet search, is solved by this method. The semantic-based filtering model can filter web pages selectively with considering a user level and we show in this paper that it is more convenient for users to search information in internet by the proposed method than by traditional filtering methods.

• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.141-151
• /
• 2006

We investigate the multiplicity of $2{\pi}$-periodic solutions of the nonlinear Hamiltonian system with almost polynomial and exponential potentials, $\dot{z}=J(G^{\prime}(z)+h(t))$, where $z:R{\rightarrow}R^{2n}$, $\dot{z}=\frac{dz}{dt}$, $J=\(\array{0&-I\\I&o}\)$, I is the identity matrix on $R^n$, $H:R^{2n}{\rightarrow}R$, and $H_z$ is the gradient of H. We look for the weak solutions $z=(p,q){\in}E$ of the nonlinear Hamiltonian system.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.374-378
• /
• 2000

in information retrieval, lack of positive examples is a main cause of poor performance. In this case most learning algorithms may not characteristics in the data to low recall. To solve the problem of unbalanced data, we propose a boosting method that uses linear perceptrons as weak learnrs. The perceptrons are trained on local data sets. The proposed algorithm is applied to text filtering problem for which only a small portion of positive examples is available. In the experiment on category crude of the Reuters-21578 document set, the boosting method achieved the recall of 80.8%, which is 37.2% improvement over multilayer with comparable precision.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.21-44
• /
• 1995

Dong-Mu's philosophy is based on the postulation of "Sa Sim Sin Mul". The attempt to actualize the postulation is seen through the books "Kyuc chigo"and "Dongeuisusebowon". That is to say the physiology, pathology and pharmacology of Sasang based on Dong-Mu's philosoghy all belong to the category of Sa Sim sin Mul. But the interpretations of Sasang prescription have been made as "The recipe for symtoms", it is different from Dong-Mu's view. Appearing of disease can interpretate the strength and weakness o resistance based on the constitution. So, I tried to analogize properties of drugs showed in his writings on the assumption of resistance of the constitution.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.163-167
• /
• 2012

Although the identification of the progenitors of type Ia supernovae (SNeIa) remains controversial, it is generally accepted that they originate from binary star systems in which at least one component is a carbon-oxygen white dwarf (WD); those systems are grouped under the wide umbrella of cataclysmic variables. Current theories for SNeIa progenitors hold that, either via Roche lobe overflow of the companion or via a wind, the WD accumulates hydrogen or helium rich material which is then burned to C and O onto the WD's surface. However, the specifics of this scenario are far from being understood or defined, allowing for a wealth of theories fighting for attention and a dearth of observations to support them. I discuss the latest attempts to identify and study those controversial SNeIa progenitors. I also introduce the most promising progenitor in hand and I present observational diagnostics that can reveal more members of the category.

• The Journal of Dong Guk Oriental Medicine
• /
• v.5
• /
• pp.273-280
• /
• 1996

This study is to know the relation between the symptom of Vinyl House disease and seo-byung of oriental medical. The results are summarised as follows, 1. One of the pathogenic factors of Vinyl house disease is the environtal of high temperature and humidity,that is coincident with seo-byung's pathogenic factors. 2. The most common symptoms of Vinyl house disease are heaedache, sweating, dizziness, weightloss, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, numbed limb, breathless etc. that are included in seo-byung's symptoms. 3. Vinyl house disease belong to the category of the seo-byung of oriental medical. In concrete term, Vinyl house disease is come under chronic seo-byung or symptomic seo-byung.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.259-269
• /
• 2012

This study examined in what category that the knowledge dimension and the cognitive processes dimension are described based on 'A revision o Bloom's taxonomy of educational objectives' in oral health education textbooks. Oral health education and practice from Educational Objectives of Dental Hygiene Department(Korea dental hygienist Prof Council, 2009) were selected to analyze a textbook, the body contents was analyzed in the knowledge dimension, and the activity was analyzed in cognitive processes dimension. Three experts were selected as a corder for reliable analysis. As a result of this study, the knowledge dimension in oral health education textbook was focused on the categories of factual knowledge and conceptual knowledge in textbook analysis based on 'A revision of Bloom's taxonomy of educational objectives', and the category dimension of 'understand' showed to be the most for the cognitive processes dimension. Moreover, there was no 'meta cognitive knowledge' that conforms to a higher-order thinking and the category dimensions of 'analyze', 'evaluate', and 'create' took very low proportion or did not exist. Conclusion, Oral health education textbooks were analyzed to fragmentary and Memorizing the level knowledge. Thus we have to develop oral health education textbooks reflected a variety of cognitive and knowledge dimension.