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  • Title/Summary/Keyword: case markers

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Paraganglioma of the Thyroid Gland Mimicking Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma (갑상선 수질암으로 오인된 갑상선 부신경절종 1예)

  • Lee, Sang Yeon;Lee, Won Yong;Jeong, Woo-Jin;Ahn, Soon-Hyun
    • Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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    • v.28 no.2
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    • pp.149-152
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    • 2012
  • Paraganglioma of the thyroid is a neuroendocrine tumor originating from the neural crest. To our knowledge, only 32 cases of thyroid paraganglioma(TP) have been reported to date. TP is difficult to distinguish from medullary thyroid cancer(MTC), hence correct diagnosis is seldom obtained preoperatively. Although immunohistochemistry is helpful for confirmation of TP, these markers are not specific for differential diagnosis between TP and MTC. Therefore, an index of suspicion is important when encountered with MTC with unusual features, or given pathology with neuroendocrine features and unusual immunohistochemical findings. The authors report a case of TP misdiagnosed as MTC at preoperative work-up and intraoperative frozen section analysis, with a review of the literature. The case depicts various immunohistochemical characteristics of the tumor.

A Case of Advanced Metastatic Gallbladder Cancer Patients Treated with Oriental Medicine for Four Months (4개월간 한방치료를 받은 전이성 담낭암 환자 증례)

  • Jeon, Hyung-Joon;Cho, Chong-Kwan;Lee, Yeon-Weol;Yoo, Hwa-Seung
    • The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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    • v.33 no.3
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    • pp.338-346
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    • 2012
  • Objectives : To observe the therapeutic effects of Oriental herbal prescriptions on an advanced metastatic gallbladder cancer patient. Methods : Hang-Am-Plus (HAP), Gun-Chil-Gye-Bok-Jung (GGJ) and Se-Gan-San (SGS) were prescribed three times a day. To observe the therapeutic effects of oriental medical prescriptions, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images, tumor markers and laboratory tests were carried out regularly. Results : The levels of AST, ALT, ALP, γ-GTP, TB, DB, CA19-9, and CEA decreased significantly from November 29th 2011 to March 14th 2012. There was no interval change on CT images taken between November 15th 2011 and January 3rd 2012. Conclusions : In this case, it could be concluded that Oriental medicinal treatment might be considered as a palliative alternative therapy for the advanced metastatic gallbladder patient.

A Case of Multiple Paraganglioma Presenting as Recurrent Tumor Nermerous Times (수차례 재발한 다발성 부신경절종 1예)

  • Lee, Seok-Hee;Sun, Min-Jin;Choi, Mi-Suk;Lee, Dong-Wook
    • Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.80-83
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    • 2011
  • Paraganglioma is a relatively rare, generally benign and slow growing tumor arising from widely distributed paraganglionic tissue thought to originate from the neural crest. In the head and neck region, paraganglionic tissue is distributed in the superior and inferior paraganglia such as the carotid body, the vagal body, and the jugulotympanic region. Approximately 10% of patients with paraganglioma have a family history of such tumors. Multiple lesions can be found in 26% of patients with family history. It is important to distinguish between paraganglioma and atypical carcinoid tumor and medullary thyroid cancer. This can be done with histopathologic evaluation and immunohistochemical markers. Complete excision is recommended for the treatment of this tumor. Paraganglioma is particularly aggressive and rapid recurrence of paraganglioma is common after local resection. We present a case of malignant paraganglioma in the neck which recurred 2 months after local resection. We suppose that radiation therpay could be the last option for the treatment in this clinical setting.

Delayed Postoperative Paravertebral Abscess in a Patient with Cervical Spinal Cord Injury Accompanied by Ankylosing Spondylitis (강직성 척수염이 있는 경수 손상 환자에서 발생한 지연성 척추주위 농양)

  • Lee, Geon Jae;Lee, Jang Woo
    • Clinical Pain
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.145-149
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    • 2021
  • Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease presenting progressive spinal stiffness and sacroiliitis. Cervical spine fracture combined with AS should be treated with operation, but it is closely related with increased rates of surgical site infection, which are associated with an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and elevated C-reactive protein. We report a case of delayed postoperative infection appeared in cervical paravertebral space, which was masked by laboratory findings and clinical characteristics represented in this rheumatic disease. A 53-year-old man who had medical history of AS got operation after cervical spine fracture. During hospitalization, he experienced aching pain originating from left posterior neck to shoulder, which was revealed out to be delayed postoperative infection, diagnostically obscured by elevated values of inflammatory markers. This case emphasizes detailed evaluation considering symptoms and comorbidity of the patient should be performed to apply proper management.

A Case of Single-step Mutations at Two Short Tandem Repeat loci (D13S317 and DXS10148) among Three Generations of a Korean Family

  • Byeong Ju Youn;Kyungmyung Lee;Cho Hee Kim
    • Biomedical Science Letters
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    • v.28 no.4
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    • pp.327-333
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    • 2022
  • The DNA profiling of short tandem repeat (STR) markers is a powerful tool for forensic identification and forensic paternity testing. However, STR loci are susceptible to mutation that cause mismatches between parents and children when paternity is tested. Herein, we examined paternity disputes with 23 autosomal STR loci using two commercial human identification kits and revealed successive mismatches at the D13S317 locus across three generations of a Korean family. Additionally, we investigated 12 X-chromosomal STRs and discovered an inconsistency at the DXS10148 locus between the father and daughter of the same Korean family. Furthermore, we confirmed STR genotypes at the D13S317 and DXS10148 loci of the family using sequencing analysis. Consequently, we identified a successive single-step mutation at the D13S317 locus and one single-step mutation at the DXS10148 locus in three generations of the Korean family. Therefore, this case study may be useful for interpreting and understanding forensic paternity tests.

Non-invasive evaluation of embryo quality for the selection of transferable embryos in human in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer

  • Jihyun Kim;Jaewang Lee;Jin Hyun Jun
    • Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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    • v.49 no.4
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    • pp.225-238
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    • 2022
  • The ultimate goal of human assisted reproductive technology is to achieve a healthy pregnancy and birth, ideally from the selection and transfer of a single competent embryo. Recently, techniques for efficiently evaluating the state and quality of preimplantation embryos using time-lapse imaging systems have been applied. Artificial intelligence programs based on deep learning technology and big data analysis of time-lapse monitoring system during in vitro culture of preimplantation embryos have also been rapidly developed. In addition, several molecular markers of the secretome have been successfully analyzed in spent embryo culture media, which could easily be obtained during in vitro embryo culture. It is also possible to analyze small amounts of cell-free nucleic acids, mitochondrial nucleic acids, miRNA, and long non-coding RNA derived from embryos using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or digital PCR, as well as next-generation sequencing. Various efforts are being made to use non-invasive evaluation of embryo quality (NiEEQ) to select the embryo with the best developmental competence. However, each NiEEQ method has some limitations that should be evaluated case by case. Therefore, an integrated analysis strategy fusing several NiEEQ methods should be urgently developed and confirmed by proper clinical trials.

Case Study of a Cerebral Infarction Patient with Recurring Aspiration Pneumonia Treated with Korean Medicine, Including Shigyungbanha-tang-gami Combined with Antibiotics (시경반하탕가미를 포함한 한방치료를 항생제 치료와 병용하여 호전된 뇌경색 환자의 반복되는 흡인성 폐렴 치험 1례)

  • Ji-soo Yang;Eun-chai Cho;Jae-hwan Lew
    • The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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    • v.44 no.2
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    • pp.97-106
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    • 2023
  • Objective: This study addressed the case of a cerebral infarction patient with recurring aspiration pneumonia. Methods: A patient diagnosed with cerebral infarction with recurring aspiration pneumonia was treated with Korean medicine therapies, including herbal medication (Shigyungbanha-tang-gami), acupuncture, electro-acupuncture, and moxibustion combined with antibiotics for 31 days. To evaluate the therapeutic effect, we checked chest X-rays, lab evaluations, the number of night suctions, and body temperature. Results: After treatment, chest X-rays and inflammation markers improved. In addition, the number of night suctions decreased, and the body temperature was normalized. Aspiration pneumonia recurred. However, the intensity of the symptoms gradually weakened, and the recovery speed increased. Conclusion: These results suggest that Korean medicine therapies, including Shigyungbanha-tang-gami combined with antibiotics, have a beneficial effect on recurring aspiration pneumonia, an additional disease related to cerebral infarction.

The Incredible Shrinking Noun Phrase: Ongoing Change in Japanese Word Formation

  • Kevin Heffernan;Yusuke Imanishi
    • Asia Pacific Journal of Corpus Research
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.1-23
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    • 2023
  • The Japanese language, as a typical agglutinating language, permits large noun phrases (NP) containing ten or more morphemes. In this paper, we argue that the nature of the NP in Japanese is changing. Our data are drawn from the Balanced Corpus of Contemporary Written Japanese. We conduct a series of apparent-time studies of ongoing changes in complex NPs. We first examine the length of compound nouns, followed by the usage of bound suffixes. We then examine ongoing changes in complex NPs that contain genitive case markers. Finally, we examine noun incorporation. All of our studies show a trend towards shorter, less complex NPs. Furthermore, our results suggest that the usage rate of phrases that modify the noun inside the NP (compound nouns, bound nouns, NPs containing genitive case, noun incorporation) appears to be decreasing over time. On the other hand, the usage rate of modifying material outside of the NP (positional phrases, relative clauses) appears to be increasing over time. We conclude by suggesting that our results reflect a diachronic change of decreasing synthetic morphology and increasing analytic morphology. We end by pointing out the implications of this work on our understanding syntheticity and analyticity.

Constructing a Korean Subcategorization Dictionary with Semantic Roles using Thesaurus and Predicate Patterns (시소러스와 술어 패턴을 이용한 의미역 부착 한국어 하위범주화 사전의 구축)

  • Yang, Seung-Hyun;Kim, Young-Sum;Woo, Yo-Sub;Yoon, Deok-Ho
    • Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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    • v.6 no.3
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    • pp.364-372
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    • 2000
  • Subcategorization, defining dependency relation between predicates and their complements, is an important source of knowledge for resolving syntactic and semantic ambiguities arising in analyzing sentences. This paper describes a Korean subcategorization dictionary, particularly annotated with semantic roles of complements coupled with thesaural semantic hierarchy as well as syntactic dependencies. For annotating roles, we defined 25 semantic roles associated with surface case markers that can be used to derive semantic structures directly from syntactic ones. In addition, we used more than 120,000 entries of thesaurus to specify concept markers of noun complements, and also used 47 and 17 predicate patterns for verbs and adjectives, respectively, to express dependency relation between predicates and their complements. Using a full-fledged thesaurus for specifying concept markers makes it possible to build an effective selectional restriction mechanism coupled with the subcategorization dictionary, and using the standard predicate patterns for specifying dependency relations makes it possible to avoid inconsistency in the results and to reduce the costs for constructing the dictionary. On the bases of these, we built a Korean subcategorization dictionary for frequently used 13,000 predicates found in corpora with the aid of a tool specially designed to support this task. An experimental result shows that this dictionary can provide 72.7% of predicates in corpora with appropriate subcategorization information.

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Impact of Chronic Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C on Adverse Hepatic Fibrosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Related to Betel Quid Chewing

  • Jeng, Jen-Eing;Tsai, Meng-Feng;Tsai, Hey-Ru;Chuang, Lea-Yea;Lin, Zu-Yau;Hsieh, Min-Yuh;Chen, Shinn-Chern;Chuang, Wan-Lung;Wang, Liang-Yen;Yu, Ming-Lung;Dai, Chia-Yen;Tsai, Jung-Fa
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.15 no.2
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    • pp.637-642
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    • 2014
  • The pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) related to habitual betel quid (BQ) chewing is unclear. Risk of HCCis increased with adverse hepatic fibrosis. This study aimed to assess the impact of chronic viral hepatitis on adverse hepatic fibrosis in HCC related to BQ chewing. This hospital-based case-control study enrolled 200 pairs of age- and gender-matched patients with HCC and unrelated healthy controls. Serologic hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV), α-fetoprotein (AFP), and surrogate markers for significant hepatic fibrosis were measured. Information on substance-use habits was obtained with a questionnaire. By analysis of surrogate markers for hepatic fibrosis, the prevalence of significant hepatic fibrosis in patients chewing BQ was between 45.8% and 91.7%, whereas that for patients without BQ chewing was between 18.4% and 57.9%. The difference was significant (P <0.05 for each surrogate marker). Multivariate analysis indicated that cirrhosis with Child-Pugh C (odds ratio (OR) = 3.28; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.29-8.37), thrombocytopenia (OR = 3.92, 95% CI, 1.77-8.68), AFP >400 mg/L (OR = 2.21, 95% CI, 1.05-4.66) and male gender (OR = 4.06, 95% CI, 1.29-12.77) were independent factors associated with habitual BQ chewing. In conclusion, adverse hepatic fibrosis and severe liver damage play important roles in the pathogenesis of BQ-related HCC, which could be aggravated by chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis C. BQ-cessation programs and prevention of chronic HBV/HCV infection are needed to prevent HCC related to BQ chewing.