• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.49-55
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• 2014

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of cross bag weight and carrying bag position type on vastus medialis oblique and vastus lateralis muscle activity ratio during step up. Method : Twenty healthy subjects participated in this study. subjects randomized performed step up with bag weight less than 15%, more than 15% of totalbody weight and without bag and carrying bag position ipsilateral and contralateral. muscle activity was measured with surface electromyography. One-way analysis of variance with repeated measures was used with a significance level of 0.05 Result : The results of this study were as follows: 1. The muscle activity ratio decreased significantly ipsilateral bag position more than 15% of body weight(p<.05). Also, the muscle activity ratio increased significantly contra lateral bag position more than 15% of body weight(p<.05). Conclusion : In conclusion, it was found that applied carrying bag position with weight on VMO,VL muscle activity ratio during step up down. Therefore carrying bag position can be used to selective activate vastus medialis oblique muscle in subjects with patellofemoral pain syndrome.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.155-160
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• 2023

Objective: The purpose of this study is to confirm a comparison of bag weight and applied location change on plantar pressure and gait parameters (stride time, stride length, cadence) of the 20s students. Design: One group cross-sectional design Methods: The subjects were measured in each condition. Each condition was no carrying a bag, carrying a 3kg bag, and a 6kg bag on the right shoulder, and walked on the gait analyzer. After the location of the bag was changed, measured when a 3kg backpack and a 6kg backpack was each carried on the back while walking. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in plantar pressure according to bag weight when carried on the right shoulder (p<0.05). As a result of the post-hoc analysis, carrying a 6kg bag was a significant difference between no carrying a bag and carrying a 3kg bag (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in changes in stride time, stride length, and cadence. There was no statistically significant difference in plantar pressure and gait parameters according to backpack weight. Conclusions: As a result of this study, it is thought that it will be possible to present a method for the application of the correct bag on location and weight in 20s students, and to prevent and reduce muscle musculoskeletal system diseases caused by incorrect bag wearing.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.459-469
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• 2012

PURPOSE: The purpose of the present study was to examine changes caused by asymmetric bag carrying methods to carry the bag with one shoulder only to plantar pressure during walking. METHODS: Twenty three normal adults without any gait problem participated in the present study. Experimental conditions used consisted of walking without carrying any bag(condition 1), walking wearing a bag on both shouders (condition 2), and walking wearing a bag on the right shoulder(condition 3) and the weight of the bag was set to 15% of each subject's body weight. All the subjects were instructed to participate in all experiments under these three conditions and plantar pressures were measured from the subjects' right and left feet using an F-scan system while the subjects were walking under the three conditions. To analyze the measured plantar pressure, the sole was divided into seven areas (Hallux, Toe, Met1, Met23, Met45, Mid foot and Heel) and maximum plantar pressures in individual areas were measured. RESULTS: The results of measurement of plantar pressures under three walking conditions did not show significant changes in any areas of the left and right feet except for the mid foot area of the right food. The asymmetry between the left and right feet was examined and the results showed significant differences only in area Met23 under condition 2 and did not show significant differences in any other areas. CONCLUSION: On comprehensively considering the results of the present study, it could be seen that asymmetric bag carrying did not have large effects on changes in plantar pressure during walking compared to symmetric carrying. The reason for this is considered to be posture adjusting mechanisms against load positions.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.111-116
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• 2018

본 연구는 토트백이 젊은 여성의 작은가슴근 두께와 위등세모근의 긴장도에 어떤 영향을 미치는지를 확인하였다. 습관적으로 토트백을 들고 다니는 27명의 여성이 본 연구에 동원되었다. 대상자들은 대상자들의 체중의 0 %, 5 %, 7.5%, 10 % 무게에 해당하는 토트백을 한쪽 손목으로 들고 있는 동안 작은가슴근의 두께와 위등세모근의 긴장도를 측정하였다. 가방의 무게가 증가할수록 위등세모근의 긴장도는 유의하게 증가되었으며(p<.05), 작은가슴근의 두께 역시 가방 무게에 따라 유의하게 증가되는 것을 확인하였다(p<.05). 이러한 결과를 바탕으로, 손목으로 토트백을 드는 습관이 젊은 여성의 위등세모근과 작은가슴근에 해로운 영향을 끼칠 수 있다는 것을 확인하였다. 그러므로, 본 연구는 토트백 즐겨 사용하는 여성들에게 가능하다면 토트백 무게를 감소시킬 것을 제안한다.

• 산업공학
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.46-55
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• 2004

Various characteristics of the object being lifted are known to affect the biomechanical, physiological, and psychophysical stresses. The object characteristics to be considered in the design process of lifting tasks are weight, shape, stiffness, and availability of handles and similar coupling devices. In this study, a prototype Polypropylene laminated bag with carrying handles was designed to decrease the physical stress of people who handle these bags. Physiological and psychophysical approaches as well as subjective ratings were applied to evaluate the effects of handles provided on the designed PP laminated bag. Statistical analysis showed that the VO2, heart rate, blood pressure, and Borg-RPE score for PP laminated fertilizer bag with carrying handles were significantly lower than those bags without handles. Moreover, Maximum Acceptable Lifting Endurance Time(MALET) measure, newly developed in this study, for bags with handles was significantly higher than those for bags without handles. It is thus recommended that the various types of bags and boxes be equipped with handles to reduce the musculoskeletal, physiological, psychophysical, and subjective perceived stresses.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.199-205
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• 2013

본 연구는 네 가지의 가방 휴대방법에 따라 세 가지 가방의 무게를 달리하여 보행의 변화를 분석하고자 시행하였다. 20명의 건강한 성인이 연구에 참여하였다. 첫 번째 조건은 한쪽 어깨에 가방을 메고 보행하였고, 두 번째 조건은 한쪽으로 가로질러 가방을 매고 걸었다. 세 번째 조건은 양쪽 어깨에 가방을 메고 걸었고, 네 번째 조건은 한쪽 손으로 가방을 들고 걸었다. 각 네 가지 조건에 모든 대상자가 참가하였고, 오른쪽 신발에 SmartStep의 깔창을 깔고 오른쪽 발목에는 압력제어장치를 묶었다. 모든 대상자는 각각 4가지 조건에서 2.5 kg, 5 kg, 7.5 kg의 무게를 지닌 가방을 휴대하여 10 m를 걸었다. 각 조건에서 2.5 kg, 5 kg, 7.5 kg의 가방의 무게에 따라 입각기 비율, 유각기 비율과 보행속도는 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2010

Purpose: Our study sought to investigate differences in plantar foot pressure as a function of type of pack carried and of changing weight during gait and stance. Methods: Subjects were 40 students with no disabilities. Plantar foot pressure was measured with different types of packs carried and with changing weight of the pack during both gait and stance and while changing feet. During stance while carrying a satchel on the shoulder caused a disproportionate change in plantar foot pressure. An even great imbalance occurred for plantar foot pressure during gait. Results: Using a satchel can influence diseases such as scoliosis that are caused by unbalanced muscle activation and by a disproportionate distribution of the weight of the body. Conclusion: Knowing how to use a pack correctly and how to appropriately adjust the weight of bag should be taught.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.2012-2019
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• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 세 가지 가방 휴대 방법에 따라 세 가지 가방의 무게를 달리하여 보행하는 동안 신체의 압력중심점의 변위와 보행률의 변화를 분석하고자 2013년 6월 3일부터 2014년 1월 20일까지 시행하였다. 38명의 건강한 성인(평균 연령: $26.10{\pm}5.32$세, 연령 범위: 22-30세)이 본 연구에 참여하였다. 첫 번째 조건은 한쪽 어깨에 가방을 메고 보행하였고, 두 번째 조건은 한쪽으로 가로질러 가방을 메고 걸었으며, 세 번째 조건은 양쪽 어깨에 가방을 메고 걸었다. 보행의 운동 형상학적 변수와 보행 시 압력중심점의 변위를 측정하기 위하여 3차원 동작분석기와 지면 반력기를 사용하였다. 각 세 가지 조건에 모든 대상자가 참가하였고, 모든 대상자는 각각 세 가지 조건에서 3kg, 5kg, 7kg의 무게를 지닌 가방을 휴대하여 6m를 걸었다. 본 연구 결과, 양쪽 어깨로 가방을 메고 걸을 때 3kg, 5kg, 7kg의 가방의 무게에 따라 전-후 및 내측-외측 방향의 압력중심점과 보행률 변수에서 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 따라서 양쪽 어깨에 가방을 메고 걷는 것이 다른 조건보다 더 효율적으로 보행할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to analyze of the GRF (ground reaction force) parameters according to the change of positions and weights of bag during downward stairs between dominant and non-dominant in upper & lower limbs. To perform this study, participants were selected 9 healthy women (age: $21.40{\pm}0.94yrs$, height: $166.50{\pm}2.68cm$, body mass: $57.00{\pm}3.61kg$, BMI: $20.53{\pm}1.03kg/m^2$), divided into 2 carrying bag positions (dominant arm/R, non-dominant arm/L) and walked with 3 type of bag weights (0, 3, 5 kg) respectively. One force-plate was used to collect GRF (AMTI OR6-7) data at a sample rate of 1000 Hz. The variables analyzed were consisted of the medial-lateral GRF (Fx), anterior-posterior GRF (Fy), vertical GRF (Fz), impact loading rate and center of pressure (COPx, COPy, COP area, COPy posterior peak time) during downward stairs. 1) The Fx, Fy, Fz, COPx, and COP area of GRF were not statistically significant between dominant leg and non-dominant leg, but non-dominant leg, that is, showed the higher COPy, and showed higher impact loading rate than that dominant leg during downward stairs. 2) In bag wearing to non-dominant arm, Fx, Fz, COPx, COPy, impact loading rate and COP area showed increase tendency according to increase of bag weights. Also, against bag wearing to dominant arm, non-dominant showed different mechanism according to increase of bag weights. The Ground Reaction Force parameters showed different characteristics according to the positions and weights of bag during downward stairs between dominant and non-dominant arm.

• EDISON SW 활용 경진대회 논문집
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• 제4회(2015년)
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• pp.488-490
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• 2015

In this paper, the selfie stick which can involved in small bag is designed to make easier and smaller. Model the diameter of the selfie to achieve light weight for the fixed length using FreeCAD. After modeling, check durability using 'Netgen' and 'Calculix'.