• 한국가족복지학
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• 제54호
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• pp.77-106
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• 2016

본 연구는 암환자 주부양자의 부양부담이 자녀와의 역기능적 의사소통에 미치는 영향을 파악하고, 가족간 TSL(가족간의 긍정적 사고 및 행동)태도의 조절효과를 검증하는데 목적이 있다. 암환자 주부양자의 부양부담 및 자녀와의 역기능적 의사소통의 경우 가족생활주기에 따른 차이가 존재하므로 청장년층과 중장년층을 구분하여 비교 연구를 실시하였다. 연구를 위한 조사는 2015년 4월부터 9월까지 실시되었으며, 서울에 위치한 대형병원에서 암환자를 부양하고 있는 주부양자 199명이 대상이 되었다. 본 연구 목적에 맞게 자녀가 있는 163명을 최종적으로 분석대상으로 하였으며, 다중회귀분석을 통해 검증하였다. 연구 결과, 청장년층의 경우 암환자 주부양자의 부양부담이 자녀와의 역기능적 의사소통에 유의미하게 영향을 미쳤으며, 두 변수 사이에서 가족간 TSL 태도는 조절효과를 지니는 것으로 나타났다. 반면 중장년층에서는 부양부담이 자녀와의 역기능적 의사소통에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 결과를 바탕으로 암환자 주부양자 및 가족을 위한 사회복지서비스 시스템의 구축과 가족생활주기에 맞는 차별적인 개입 방안, 가족간의 긍정적 태도 형성을 위한 가족관계 증진 프로그램 실시를 제안하였다.

• 가정∙방문간호학회지
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• 제2권
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• pp.19-34
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to analysis level on family caregiver's burden for the elderly with chronic disease in a rural area and to choose priority care group, thereby facilitating the development of interventions to reduce the caregiver's burden. For this purpose, data were collected by questionaire from June 10 to October 8, 1994. The instruments for data collection were Caregiver Burden Inventory by Novak(1989) and Zarit et al(1982), severity of dementia by Hughes Scales(1982), ADL by Lawton(1971), patients' family caregiving activity by pre-survey and reference review(Lee, 1993 ; Jang, 1990 ; Yoo, 1982). The subjects were 213 family caregiver of elderly with chronic disease in a rural area. The data was analysed by the use of t-test, ANOVA, correlation and multiple regression. The results were as follows ; 1. Total burden was evaluated below average, the mean of family burden was 46.98. By the diagnostic classification, Hypertension was 27.37, DM 32.46, CVA 62.96, Dementia 61.24. 2. Significant variables which were correlated to the family caregiver's burden were the patient's disease diagnosis (F=33.82, p<0.001), severity of dementia(F=30.52, p<0.001), the status of disease management(F=11.53, p<0.001), ADL(F=10.54, p<0.001), PADL(F=7.50, p<0.001), income(F=7.17, p<0.001), caregiver's health status(F=24.53, p<0.001), a view of patient's prognosis (F=22.17, p<0.001), relationship with the patient(F=33.82, p<0.001), the number of hours per day spent on caregiving(F=77.52, p<0.001), level of intimacy of caregiver and patients(F=8.75, p<0.001), level of helping(F=4.90, p<0.01), the frequency of caregiving activity(F=3.80, p<0.01), the number of admission(F=5.54, p<0.01), the length of caregiving(F=4.43, p<0.01), other chronic patient in family(t=2.81, p<0.01), caregiver's job(F=3.11, p<0.01), the duration of illness(F=2.98, p<0.05), caregiver's religion(F=2.93, p<0.05), medical security(F=3.89, p<0.05), caregiving's helper(t=2.42, p<0.05). 3. PADL was the most important predictor to family caregiver burden(R2=0.6611). In addition to this, IADL, caregiver's health status, the length of caregiving. level of intimacy of caregiver and patients, patient's age, the patient's disease diagnosis and patient's job accounted for 76% of family caregiver burden. 4. The criteria of priority care group were as follows ; the mean of family caregiver burden was above 58, above of moderate ADL, the number of hours per day spent on caregiving above of 8 hours, above of moderate dementia. By the diagnostic classification, number of priority care group, Hypertension was 4 (8.0%), DM 4(8.0%), CVA 34(64.1%), Dementia 45(75.0%).

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제46권
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• pp.319-348
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• 2001

The primary purpose of this study is to examine the buffering effect of social welfare services on the relationship between the level of older persons' impairment and burden experienced by the family caregivers. It also assessed the level of caregiving burden as well as the effect of both older person's impairment and the characteristics of the caregivers on burden. The survey data collected from 150 community residing family caregivers was used for analyses. Findings are as follows. First, the caregivers are more burdened in the deterioration of mental health, scarce time for oneself, and the suffering of social life than in other areas of burden. Second, the more severe the physical and the mental impairment of the elder, the more burden the caregivers experience. The caregivers' characteristics such as the worse mental health, the lower level of attachment to the elder, the longer caregiving hours are also related to the higher level of caregiving burden. Third, the caregivers' use of adult day care and respite care services buffer the relationship between the level of impairment of older persons and the caregiving burden. However, social work counselling, visiting nurse, homemaker services do not have such buffering effects. Among informal support, instrumental support buffers the relationship between the elder's physical impairment and burden, while emotional support buffers the relationship between the elder's mental impairment and burden. According to the results, implication for social welfare services and practice methods for the family caregivers was discussed.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.766-779
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the burden on families who live with an elderly person suffering from senile dementia, and the degree of their depression. There were 400 participants in this study, staying in the Seoul and Kyonggi areas from August 1, 1997 to February 28, 1998. Among the group, 100 participants took care of their patient at home, and another 300 participants left 100 patient at a day-care center, 100 sanatorium for senile dementia(asylum for helpless elderly people), 100 an infirmary for elderly people. Eventually 242 subjects out of the 400 were selected for the data analysis. The Zarit (1980) tool was employed to measure the degree of burden and Zung's(1965) “Self-Rating Depression Scale” was employed for the data analysis. The data was analyzed, and the percentage, t-test, ANOVA and Person's Correlation Coefficient were calculated. The results are as follows : 1. The average degree of burden that care-giving families felt was 49.13, which is somewhat high. 2. The average degree of depression that care -giving families felt was 51.95, which is relatively high. 3. The degree of burden was directly affected by the relation with the patient(F＝2.48, P＜.05), and the socio-economic status of the family(F＝5.17, P＜.05). Its also affected by the patient's educational status(F＝2.17, P＜.05). 4. The degree of depression of the family was significantly dependent on sex(t＝-2.05, P＜.05), age (F＝2.99, P＜.05), the relationship with the patient(F＝3.65, P＜.01), socio-economic status (F＝7.74, P＜.001), occupation(t＝2.82, P＜.01), health status(F＝4.42, P＜.01), and the place of residence(F＝4.30, P＜.01), The patient characteristics was significantly dependent on his/her educational status(F＝3.85, P＜.01), the period of suffering from senile dementia(F＝2.47, P＜.05), and smoking habit(F＝6.17, P＜.001). 5. The relationship between the degree of burden and that of depression reads r＝0.43, which is statistically positive correlation in the high significant level. Upon analyzing the entire summation, most care-givers for elderly patients suffering from senile dementia lack time in caring for themselves. They also experience chronic fatigue and mental discomfort caused by the isolation from society, curtailment of certain activities, a sense of responsibility for their patients, and limits of their endurance in taking care of their patients over time. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the necessity for the following propositions : 1. In order to measure the degree of burden that Korean care-giving families undergo, a new tool must be developed on the basis of Korean culture. 2. An educational program based on the demands that care-giving families undergo must be developed, and its clinical effect also has to be examined.

• 한국의료질향상학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.29-42
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• 2019

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to identify the relationship between educational needs and the caregiving burden of primary caregivers with stroke patient. Methods: This cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted in 2016 with 115 primary caregivers for stroke patients at a university hospital. The caregiving burden and educational needs were investigated using structured questionnaires via interviews. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, the t-test or ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation analysis using IBM SPSS Statistics version 23.0. Results: The scores of caregiving burden and educational needs of primary caregiver with stroke patient were $77.65{\pm}1.66$ and $123.33{\pm}2.37$, respectively. The caregiving burden was associated with health status in primary caregivers' general characteristics. The caregiving burden and educational needs of primary caregivers have a significant correlation (r = .44, p <.001). Conclusions: Educational needs of primary caregivers with stroke patient are associated with their caregiving burden. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a primary caregiver centered intervention program considering educational needs to improve their caregiving burden. Also, to promote quality of nursing, there is the need to increase the educating competency of nurse and nursing professionalism of clinical nurse using various educational training program.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.202-210
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe depression, caregiving burden and the correlation of the two variables in the families of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and to clarify factors predicting caregiving burden. Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with 139 family members who provided care to patients with ALS. The characteristics of patients and families, Korean-Beck Depression Inventory (K-BDI), Korean version of Zarit Burden Interview (K-ZBI) and Korean-Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale - Revised (K-ALSFRS-R) were used as study measures. Results: The mean score for K-BDI was 19.39 out of 63 suggesting sub-clinical depression and 38.2% of the family members exhibited depression. The mean score for K-ZBI was 66.03 out of 88. The predictors for K-ZBI were K-BDI, age of family member, length of time spent per day in caring, relationship to patient and K-ALSFRS-R. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that levels of depression and caregiving burden are high among family members caring for patients with ALS. As depression is associated with caregiving burden, screening and emotional supports should be provided to reduce the burden of care for these family. Support programs to alleviate the care burden are also needed, considering family demographics, time per day in caring giving and K-ALSFRS-R.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.252-261
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine factors affecting the burden on employment of occupational health care providers as well as to develop strategies to reduce burden on employment of them in the middle size manufacturing enterprises. Methods: The target population of this study was 123 managers working in the middle size manufacturing enterprises. The study questionnaires were selected, as theories and literature suggested, for explaining employment burden, general characteristics of participants and occupational health providers, general characteristics of companies, evaluation of occupational health provider's role and burden score. Results: The mean of employment burden score of manager was 2.2. There was a significant difference in the employment burden scores, manager's age and education, and occupational health provider's age, type of work, certification, and employment status. Also there was a negative relationship between employment burden scores and occupational health provider's role scores (need, role, satisfaction, and benefit). In the results of the standard multiple regression analysis, manager's need scores on occupational health providers were significant predictors of the employment burden scores. Conclusion: It is necessary to change the manager's perception to promote employment of occupational health providers.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.122-136
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• 2000

Chronic illness requiring attention and management during a long period of time puts great burden onto patients, their family and society. For patients with chronic illnesses, providing social support is the most important, and the fundamental support comes from their spouses. Amount and quality of support from spouses seems to differentiated according to the sex of patients. Female patients tend to believe that their spouses are not very supportive. Therefore, the researchers assessed the burden of husbands of female arthritis patients to discover the factors that result in greater burden. Also, they developed a theoretical model of husbands′ care for their wives through a qualitative research into husbands′ experience. Method 1: The study material was 650 female arthritis patients registered in an arthritis clinic. The questionnaire about the disease experience of female arthritis patients and the burden of husbands were sent. Returned questionnaires numbered 210(32.3%) and 27 were excluded because of inadequate answers. The remaining 183 questionnaires were analyzed. The mean age of the patients was 51 years and the mean age of spouses was 55 years. The mean marital period was 28 years. The average duration since diagnosis was 9.1 years. Education level was varied from primary school to graduate school, and average income/month was 1,517,300 won. Method 2: Initial questionnaire studies on the burden of husbands were performed. Among 183 responding husbands, 23 consented to participate for a qualitative research. Data was obtained by direct and telephone interviews. The mean age of participants was 58 years, and the educational level and socioeconomic status also varied. Result: 1. Husbands′ burden: The average burden was 57.68 with a range of 6-96. 2. Burden and general characteristics: The husband′s burden correlated with the age of the patients, numbers in the family, therapy methods, patient′s level of discomfort, patient′s disease severity, patient′s level of dependence and the husband′s understanding of the level of severity. 3. Linear correlation analysis on burden: The husbands′ burden is explained in 22.5% by husband′s recognition of level of severity and husbands′ age. 4. There were four patterns of the burden on husbands: both objectve burden and subjective burden were high(pattern I), both of objectve burden and subjective burden were low(pattern II), objective burden was high but subjective burden was low(pattern III), objective burden was low but subjective burden was high(pattern IV). The pattern was correlated with the family income, educational level of the patients and their husbands, therapy methods, patient′s level of discomfort, patient′s disease severity, patient′s level of dependence and husband′s understanding of level of severity. 5. The core category of the caring experience of the husbands with arthritis patients was "companionship". The causal factor was the patients′ experience due to symptoms : physical disfigurement, pain, immobility, limitation of house chores, and limitation of social activities. Contextural factors are husbands′ identification of housework and husbands′ concern about the disease. The mediating factors are economic problems, fear of aging, feeling of limitation and family support. The strategy for interaction is mind control and how to solve emotional stress. The "companionship" resulted from caring activities, participation of household activities, helping patients′ to coping with emotional experience. 6. Companionship is established through the process of entering intervention, and caring state of mind. Entering intervention is the phase of participation of therapy and involvement of houseworks. The caring phase consists of decision on therapy, providing therapy, providing direct care, and taking over the household role of wife. Through caring phase, the changing phase set a stage in which husbands consolidate the relationship with their wives, and are reminded of the meaning of marriage. As a result, in changing phase, husbands′ companionship is enhanced. In conclusion, nursing care of chronic illnesses should include a family member especially the spouse. All information on disease shoud be provided to patients and whole family member. Strong support should also be provided to overcome difficulties in taking over role of other sex. Then the quality of life of patients and families will be much improved.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.428-438
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• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 치매환자 부양자의 부담을 감소시키기 위해 장기요양보험 제도의 틀 안에서 새로운 서비스 개발을 제시하는 것이다. 분석 자료로 선행연구와 2012-2013년에 걸쳐 조사된 Caregivers of Alzheimer's Disease Research(CARE study)를 사용하여 부양자의 특성과 부담을 조사하였다. 치매환자의 주부양자 부담은 신체적, 심리적, 경제적 측면뿐만 아니라 다양한 측면에서 어려움을 겪고 있으며 연령, 경제력, 건강상태, 사회적지지 등 여러 요인이 부양부담에 영향을 미치고 있었다. 또한 부양자가 우울증을 겪을 위험도 높게 나왔다. 이에 부양자에 대한 제도적 지원이 필요한 시점에서 2008년부터 시행된 노인장기요양보험 제도를 활용하여 본 연구에서 추가적인 서비스를 제시하였다. 현 제도의 재가서비스 확장 모델로 소규모 주 야간보호서비스(가칭)를 신설하는 것으로 9인 이내의 규모로 주거지에서 5분 이내 거리에 개설을 하고 치매환자에만 국한시켜 질환에 대한 전문성을 높이고 서비스의 질을 향상시켜 기존의 주 야간보호서비스와 소규모 노인요양공동생활가정과 차별화하는 것이다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.275-285
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• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 화상환자 가족의 부담감에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 확인하기 위해 시도된 서술적 조사이다. 연구 대상자는 D시, S시, B시, P시에 소재한 4개 화상전문병원에 입원한 $2^{\circ}$ 이상의 화상환자를 돌보는 가족들 120명을 편의 표집하였고, 자료분석을 위해 t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe' test, Multiple linear regrassion을 시행하였다. 연구결과는 화상환자를 돌보는 가족의 부담감 중 돌봄의 의미와 평가, 환자의 미래에 대한 부담감이 가장 높았다. 화상환자를 돌보는 가족의 부담감 영향요인으로는 결혼상태, 간병시간, 피부이식수술, 체표면적(%)이었고, 설명력은 25.9%로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 장시간 화상환자를 돌보는 가족들의 신체적, 정서적 부담감을 감소시키기 위한 간호중재 프로그램 개발과 간병 시간을 조절할 수 있는 간병서비스가 필요하다.