• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.99-107
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• 2023

Background: The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been suggested as a novel predictive marker of cardiovascular disease. However, its prognostic role in patients under-going coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is unclear. This study aimed to determine the association between the preoperative NLR and early mortality in patients undergoing CABG. Methods: Cardiac surgery was performed in 2,504 patients at Seoul St. Mary's Hospital from January 2010 to December 2021. This study retrospectively reviewed 920 patients who underwent isolated CABG, excluding those for whom the preoperative NLR was unavailable. The primary endpoints were the 30- and 90-day mortality after isolated CABG. Risk factor analysis was performed using logistic regression analysis. Based on the optimal cut-off value of preoperative NLR on the receiver operating characteristic curve, high and low NLR groups were compared. Results: The 30- and 90-day mortality rates were 3.8% (n=35) and 7.0% (n=64), respectively. In the multivariable analysis, preoperative NLR was significantly associated with 30-day mortality (odds ratio [OR], 1.28; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17-1.39; p<0.001) and 90-day mortality (OR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.07-1.28; p<0.001). The optimal cut-off value of the preoperative NLR was 3.4. Compared to the low NLR group (<3.4), the high NLR group (≥3.4) showed higher 30- and 90-day mortality rates (1.4% vs. 12.1%, p<0.001; 2.8% vs. 21.3%, p<0.001, respectively). Conclusion: Preoperative NLR was strongly associated with early mortality after isolated CABG, especially in patients with a high preoperative NLR (≥3.4). Further studies with larger cohorts are necessary to validate these results.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.867-876
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• 2013

Metabolic syndrome has been known as a major factor of cardiovascular disease. Several metabolic disorders, particularly chronic disease is complex, and from individuals that appear in our country, the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome is increasing gradually. Therefore, this study, using a multi-factor dimensionality reduction method, checks the major single risk factor of metabolic syndrome and suggests a new diagnosis results of metabolic syndrome. Data of 3990 adults who responded to all the questionnaires of health interview are used from the database of the 5th Korea national health and nutrition examination survey conducted in 2010. As the result, the most dangerous single risk factor for metabolic syndrome was waist circumference and the most dangerous combination factors were waist circumference, triglyceride, and hypertension. This is the result of a new diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome. Especially, waist circumference, low HDL-cholesterol and hypertension were the most dangerous combination for male. In particular, the combination of waist circumference, triglyceride and diabetes was dangerous for obese people.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.18
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• pp.7499-7503
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• 2014

Physical inactivity has reached epidemic levels in developed countries and is being recognized as a serious public health problem. Recent evidence shows a high percentages of individuals worldwide who are physically inactive, i.e. do not achieve the WHO's present recommendation of 150 minutes of moderate to vigorous intensity per week in addition to usual activities. Living in sedentary lifestyle is one of the leading causes of deaths and a high risk factor for several chronic diseases, like cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes type 2, and osteoporosis. This article summarizes evidence for relative risk of the civilization diseases attributable to physical inactivity and the most important conclusions available from the recent investigations computing the economic costs specific to physical inactivity. The findings provide health and economic arguments needed for people to understand the meaning of a sedentary lifestyle. This may be also useful for public health policy in the creation of programmes for prevention of physical inactivity.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.39 no.6 s.263
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• pp.462-469
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• 2006

Background: Pneumonectomy for inflammatory lung disease has been of major concern because of its associated morbidity and mortality, particularly with respect to pleuropneumonectomy. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the surgical outcomes, and identify the risk factors contributing to postoperative complications in patients undergoing pleuropneumonectomy. Material and Method: Ninety-eight patients underwent pneumonectomy for benign inflammatory lung disease were retrospectively analyzed. Pleuropneumonectomy (Group A) was done in 48 patients and standard pneumonectomy (Group B) was done in 50 patients. Clinical characteristics, postoperative complications were examined and compared between 2 groups. In pleuropneumonectomy group, postoperative risk factors affecting morbidity were evaluated. Result: There was one in-hospital death. Twenty-three major postoperative complications occurred in 21 patients (21.4%). The common complications were empyema and bronchopieural fistula (BPF) in 8 (8.4%), re-exploration due to bleeding in 8. At least one postoperative complication occurred in 14 of 48 patients from Group A (29.2%) and in 7 of 50 patients from Group B (14%). In Group A, empyema and BPF encountered in 6 and re-exploration for bleeding in 6 were the most common complication. In univariate analysis, right pneumonectomy, completion pneumonectomy, large amount of blood loss (>1,000 mL), and intrapleural spillage were risk factors contributing to postoperative complications in Group A. In multivariate analysis, intrapleural contamination during operation was a risk factor of postoperative complication. Conclusion: The morbidity and mortality rates of pneumonectomy for chronic inflammatory lung disease are acceptably. However, we confirm that pleuropneumonectomy is a real technical challenge and a high-risk procedure and technically demanding. Meticulous surgical techniques are very important in preventing serious and potentially lethal complications.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.111-126
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 12-week training on changes in physical fitness and cardiovascular factors for firefighters. For this purpose, 40 men in their 20s and 30s who agreed to participate voluntarily were recruited. They were divided into four groups: the firefighters' physical fitness test training group (hereinafter referred to as PT group), firefighters' physical fitness test and aerobic training group (hereinafter referred to as PT+AR group), firefighters' physical fitness test and both aerobic and anaerobic training group (hereinafter referred to as PT+CO group). Physical fitness factors (grip strength, back muscle strength, seated forward bend, standing long jump, sit-ups, 20-meter shuttle run), cardiovascular factors (total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure) and the relationship between Framingham Heart Risk Score and physical/cardiovascular factors were compared and analyzed, and the following conclusions were obtained. Aerobic training, anaerobic training, and combined training, including 12 weeks of firefighter physical examinations, all had positive effects on fitness and cardiovascular factors, which would be an appropriate way for firefighter examinees to improve physical strength and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.79-86
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• 2024

Scientific exploration of how occupational health risks relate with occupational illnesses are essential for mitigating health-related issues in industries. This study analyzed the risk scores obtained by occupational health risk assessments at 3,172 manufacturing companies and examined their effects on occupational illness. Statistical analyses revealed that companies with an occupational health manager (scored 89.1 out of 100) had significantly higher activity scores of health management compared to those without (78.2). However, companies with a history of occupational illness (79.1) or those classified as high-risk industries (85.2) had significantly lower activity scores than their counterparts (81.7, 87.3). In addition, regression analyses using factor analysis showed that latent risk factors such as cardiovascular disease/job stress, health management, and musculoskeletal problem significantly influenced the risk of occupational illness. The activity factors such as health management, work environment management, and regulatory complaisance significant impacted the reduction of occupational illness. The findings of this study can be used to improve the occupational health risk assessment method and utilized in effectively managing occupational risks in industries.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.131-134
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• 2015

High sodium diet has been touted to be a major risk factor of disease in developed countries. The disease most closely associated with a high sodium diet is cardiovascular diseases. Autoimmune diseases are another broad spectrum of diseases that is associated with developed countries. In the past few years, several key scientific findings have revealed that a high sodium diet could also impact the pathogenicity of autoimmune diseases. In this review, we will highlight key results from such investigations and put it in context of high sodium diet and autoimmunity.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.135-146
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• 2014

Objectives: This study performed to enhance the competency of health education specialist on population-based program to prevent chronic disease in public health organizations. In addition, it will provide the basic data to enhance specialized competency for health education specialist. Method: The current operating strategy and demanded competency related to chronic disease programs were analyzed by reviewing the Korean Health Plan 2020, the guideline of integrated health promotion programs, and the job description of health education specialist. Results: Preventive programs for chronic disease provide with healthy lifestyle programs in integrated health promotion service. First, health education specialist should learn to professional knowledge on health risk factor and chronic disease. Second, they should cultivate the integrated competency to manage operations on obesity, hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer prevention programs. Third, they get strengthened the-job training to implement health education, public relations, campaigns, media advocacy, and utilization of multi-media. Conclusion: It should implement the preventive programs for chronic disease in various health promotion services through coordination with multiple sectors. To identify of the job in preventive program for that, it would be required empowerment of health education specialists on disease prevention science and practical life skill.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.55-61
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• 2008

Obesity is correlated with diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, cardiovascular, renal, neurologic, psychological and many other disease. Owing to the elevated income and behavioral changes, the prevalence of obesity has remarkably increased in Korea also. Considering the trend of the epidemic, we can easily expect the excessive spendings for the treatment of the obesity-related diseases in near future. In order to check the prevalence of obesity and serum lipid levels of Korean employees, we analyzed the medical check-up sample data of 10,332 adults who took physical check-ups at an institute in 2006. Through the logistic regression analysis we found the prevalence rate of total risk group showing ${\geq}23.0Kg/m^2$ was 57.4% and uric acid was found to be a definitive factor in the prevalence of obesity. Among the adults who eat more meat, drink more and smoke more smoking, the values of BMI, uric acid, cholesterol, HDL- and LDL-cholesterol and TG were significantly higher than rest of the examinees. And the average BMIs were significantly higher among those who have risk factors of liver disease, hypertension, cardiovascular and heart disease, and diabetes mellitus.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.114-127
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• 2018

This study aimed to investigate the levels of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA), health behavior and sleep quality and to examine the predictors of OSA in patients with ischemic cardio-cerebrovascular disease. 141 patients who were admitted to the vascular unit were recruited and surveyed using structured questionnaires. Saturation of Peripheral Oxygen (SpO2) was measured at three time points using a pulse oximeter. Data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 20.0. The mean age of the subjects was $64.4{\pm}11.1$ years and 61% was men. The 21.3%(n=30) of the subjects were classified as high-risk for OSA by the cut point and 71.6%(n=101) had low sleep quality. OSA high-risk group showed significant difference in SpO2 in the middle of sleep (p=.006) and at the end of sleep (p=.004) compared to the low-risk group. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that perceived frequent snoring, smoking, obesity, lack of exercise among health behavior were found as predicting factors on OSA. OSA or persistent snoring should be recognized as a cardiovascular risk factor in the cardiovascular nursing practice. In addition to early treatment of OSA, education and counseling should be provided to patients and their family for prevention of secondary recurrence.