• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.42-50
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• 2005

Silk fabrics are widely used as high quality cloth, interior, quilting and bedding materials because of having excellent touch, drape, resilience and low specific gravity characteristics. But, many waste silk materials are produced during the reeling, spinning, weaving, dyeing and finishing processes. From this fact, the recycle of waste silks is interested in studying for the application of industrial textile materials such as filter, oil absorbent and wound protector. Thus, this research has surveyed the decolorizing and carding characteristics in order to recycle the colored waste silk materials. As the results, the carding condition of waste silk fabrics was optimized with different fiber lengths and curding passage. In addition, the fiber failure mechanism from the wasted silk microdamage caused by carding process was investigated. Also it was found that longitudinal and transverse cracks, abrasion and pilling were formed on the surface of wasted silk fibers.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.205-210
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• 1999

Silk nonwoven fabrics are prepared by needle punching and thermal bonding with silk waste. To enhance the carding efficiency, the degumming rate was controlled with sodium hydrogen sulfite solution. The amount of the remained sericin was 3%(S-3), and 6%(S-6). Mixing wool and LMP(Low melting polyester) with the silk, to improve carding efficiency, was also effective. Following items were tested with prepared silk nonwovon fabrics : weight, thickness, compression, tensile strength, heat insulation, water absorption, and deodorization. The results show that the silk nonwoven fabrics could be used for apparels and new biomaterials.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.309-316
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• 2021

Due to the rigid nature of the silicon carbide fiber(SiC), fiber damage occurs from the friction during the carding process. This damage not only lowers the spun yarn yield, but also lowers the heat resistance of the spun yarn, so that ultra-high heat resistant yarn cannot be manufactured. Therefore, in the carding process where the most friction between fiber and machine(wire, etc.) occurs, some factors were modified and tested, and as a result of measuring the change in physical properties, fiber damage decreased due to the wire angle or wire density, resulting in improved yield. The test method used to measure the yield of SiC fiber was the carbonization method, and the content of SiC fibers was calculated using the remaining amount after carbonization. Carbonization test was performed at air condition, 700℃, and for 2 hours. Analysis by SEM-EDX showed that the carbide was consistent with the composition of the SiC fiber.

• 한국언어정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국언어정보학회 2002년도 Language, Information, and Computation Proceedings of The 16th Pacific Asia Conference
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• pp.259-270
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• 2002

I examine various controversial aspects of Chinese prosody-tone structure, syllable structure, stress, and intonation-and stress the need to view all of these as interacting systems, aspects of a hierarchical prosodic structure. 1 examine various proposals at these various levels of the hierarchy and suggest which are most appropriate. Specifically, 1 suggest the adoption of Bao's version of syllable and tone, and Chen's account of stress. As for intonation, it is still not possible to make any definitive claims regarding an optimal model, but I examine work done by Kratochvil, Shih, and Carding et al, and suggest promising directions for future work.

• 한국고분자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국고분자학회 2006년도 IUPAC International Symposium on Advanced Polymers for Emerging Technologies
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• pp.209-209
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• 2006

Ultra-fine fibers are spun by expensive fiber spinning technology using special spinnerets. Ultra-fine fibrous materials have attracted considerable attentions because of their potential applications as high performance wiping cloths, water absorbent sound proofing materials and moisture transfer sporting good. However, production expense of ultra-fine fibers is 5 to 7 times higher than general textile materials. The objective of this research is to develop cost-effective recycling process to produce multi-functional ultra-fine fibrous material in terms of the development of garnetting and carding machines for ultra-fine fibrous material waste and scrap. The efficiency of sound absorption for the recycled polyester nonwoven increased with decreasing length and thickness of component fibers, which was attributed to the reduction of air permeability. It is expected that high value and cost-effective textile products are developed using ultra-fine fibrous wastes and that sound proofing material and oil absorbent f

• 대한화학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.38-43
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• 1957

Purified cellulosic materials suitable for the production of cellulose esters can be prepared from waste cotton (carding waste from textile mill). The most desirable conditions in purifying waste cotton were obtained. Waxy materials were removed by boiling in 2-3% soda ash solution for more than 30 minutes in open vessel at atmospheric pressure. As for bleaching, it is desirable to use the bleaching powder solution containing 1%, available chlorine for 60 minutes at 35 deg. C. Purified cellulosic material was acetylated to fibrous cellulose triacetate, which was fractionated in the solution of 70% monochloroacetic acid using water as a precipitant, and the degree of polymerizaion and molecular weight of each fraction were measured viscometrically, thereon, molecular weight distribution curve was drawn. Analyzing the shape of this curve, most of the polymers were concentrated on the part of higher degree of polymerization. Purified waste cotton was also analysed, the result was that this cellulosic material can be used as a raw material for cellulose esters and ethers.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.42-48
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• 2005

The effects of opening, carding, and repeated drawings on single fiber and bundle cotton characteristics were stud­ied by employing $Mantis^{\circledR}$, $AFIS^{\circledR}$ and HVI Testers. Some of the significant changes in single fiber properties were found to be due to process parameters as well as the changes in the fiber crimps, parallelness of fibers within HVI beards, and the actual changes in the tensile properties of the fibers. The study showed that the HVI test data taken just prior to spinning had the highest correlation with the yam tensile properties. Based on the study results, we point out the potential of HVI for future quality and process control in spinning by recommending a set of expanded HVI output that is more scientific and compre­hensive for the future control needs.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.16-39
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• 1995

From July 8 to September 2 1994, asbestos exposure level among asbestos textile workers was surveyed. Six plants out of plants in Korea were selected for this study. In addition to the exposure level, the relationship between the level of exposure and some factors affecting exposure were studied. Also, using historical data of asbestos concentrations in asbestos textile plants plus current data, trend of asbestos exposure level could be introduced. Historical exposure level was estimated on the basis of these data. The main results of this study are follows. 1. Average concentration of all six plants surveyed was 1.54 f/cc, and range of those concentrations was 0.03 - 11.58 f/cc. The minimum average concentration was 0.32 f/cc and the maximum was 8.04 f/cc which is four times higher than the Korean standard. A wide difference of exposure level among the workers of different plants was observed. In three plants, the half of all the plants surveyed, their average concentrations exceeded the Korean standard, and those in all the plants exceeded the ACGIH TLV. 2. Among total 56 samples, 22 samples(39%) were in excess of the Korean standard, and 53 samples(95%) were above the ACGIH TLV. Among 32 personal samples, 15 samples(47%) exceeded the Korean standard, and 30 samples(94%) exceeded the ACGIH TLV. Among 24 area samples excluding a few samples collected in office area, seven samples exceeded the Korean standard, and 23 samples( 96%) exceeded the ACGIH TLV. 3. Distributions of concentrations were observed by processes. In weaving, the highest, average concentration was 4.29 f/cc, and range was 2.61 - 11.58 f/cc. In spinning, average concentration was 2.22 f/cc, and range was 0.41 - 8.93 f/cc. In carding, average concentration was 1.98 f/cc, and range was 0.23 - 10.93 f/cc, In twisting, average concentration was 1.65 f/cc, and range was 0.21 - 9.83 f/cc. In mixing, the lowest, average concentration was 0.48 f/cc, and range was 0.22 - 1.20 f/cc. 4. All the samples from basic processes of asbestos textile plants were above the ACGIH TLV. Nineteen samples(45%) out of all these 42 samples exceeded Korean standard. Fourteen samples(58%) of total 24 personal samples, and five samples(28%) of total 18 area samples exceeded the Korean standard. Considering processes, all the samples in weaving process exceeded the Korean standard and 50 did 54% of those in spinning, 40% in carding, and 27% in twisting. 5. Trend of decreasing asbestos concentrations in asbestos textile plants was observed by time. 6. Asbestos concentrations in asbestos textile plant in 1975 were estimated to be 11.0 - 92.4 f/cc.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.83-89
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• 1985

1984년 6월 1일부터 7월 31일까지 산업체부설학교 근로학생 549명과 일반고등학교학생 1,259명을 대상으로 CMI의 건강질문표에 의하여 건강 실태를 조사 분석한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 근로학생군은 일란학생군에 비하여 평균 호소수가 전항목 (A-R)과 신체적항목 (A-L)에서 통계적으로 유의 (p<0.01) 하게 높았다. 2) 근로학생군에서 특히 L(습관, 기호)항목에서 가장 높은 평균 호소수를 나타냈으며 B(호흡기)항목 E(근육골격)항목 순이었다. 3) 학년별 평균 호소수는 일반학생군과 근로학생군 모두에서 학년이 올라갈수록 증가하였으며 그 증가율이 일반학생군에 비하여 근로학생군이 높았다. 4) 근로학생군의 주거형태병 평균 호소수는 자취군 34.7로 가장 높았으며 기숙사군 30.3, 자가군 28.5등의 순으로 높았다. 5) 작업부서별 평균 호소수는 혼타면(混打棉)과 조방(組紡) 근무자들은 기타의 질환 항목, 소면(梳棉) 근무자들은 호흡기계항목, 정방(精紡) 근무자들은 피로도항목, 권사근무자들은 긴장항목에서 가장 높은 호소수를 나타내었다.